Astoria-Megler Bridge to OREGON (Driving across)
Crossing the Astoria-Megler Bridge to OREGON State. - 9.30.2012.
The Astoria-Megler Bridge is a continuous truss bridge that spans the mouth of the Columbia River between Astoria, Oregon and Point Ellice near Megler, Washington, in the United States. The span was the last segment of US Rout 101 between Olympia, WA and Los Angeles, CA. It is the longest continuous truss bridge in North America. Longest span 1,232 ft. Total length 21,474 ft (6,545m). Width 28 ft. Clearance below 196 ft at high tide. Opening date August 27, 1966.
10 Best Places to Visit in Oregon
10 Best Places to Visit in Oregon: Astoria, Cannon Beach, Cascade Lakes Scenic Byway, Columbia River Gorge, Crater Lake National Park, Hells Canyon Recreational Area, Mount Hood, Portland, Yachats, Wallowa Lake
Columbia River | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Columbia River
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Columbia River is the largest river in the Pacific Northwest region of North America. The river rises in the Rocky Mountains of British Columbia, Canada. It flows northwest and then south into the US state of Washington, then turns west to form most of the border between Washington and the state of Oregon before emptying into the Pacific Ocean. The river is 1,243 miles (2,000 km) long, and its largest tributary is the Snake River. Its drainage basin is roughly the size of France and extends into seven US states and a Canadian province. The fourth-largest river in the United States by volume, the Columbia has the greatest flow of any North American river entering the Pacific.
The Columbia and its tributaries have been central to the region's culture and economy for thousands of years. They have been used for transportation since ancient times, linking the region's many cultural groups. The river system hosts many species of anadromous fish, which migrate between freshwater habitats and the saline waters of the Pacific Ocean. These fish—especially the salmon species—provided the core subsistence for native peoples.
In the late 18th century, a private American ship became the first non-indigenous vessel to enter the river; it was followed by a British explorer, who navigated past the Oregon Coast Range into the Willamette Valley. In the following decades, fur trading companies used the Columbia as a key transportation route. Overland explorers entered the Willamette Valley through the scenic but treacherous Columbia River Gorge, and pioneers began to settle the valley in increasing numbers. Steamships along the river linked communities and facilitated trade; the arrival of railroads in the late 19th century, many running along the river, supplemented these links.
Since the late 19th century, public and private sectors have heavily developed the river. To aid ship and barge navigation, locks have been built along the lower Columbia and its tributaries, and dredging has opened, maintained, and enlarged shipping channels. Since the early 20th century, dams have been built across the river for power generation, navigation, irrigation, and flood control. The 14 hydroelectric dams on the Columbia's main stem and many more on its tributaries produce more than 44 percent of total US hydroelectric generation. Production of nuclear power has taken place at two sites along the river. Plutonium for nuclear weapons was produced for decades at the Hanford Site, which is now the most contaminated nuclear site in the US. These developments have greatly altered river environments in the watershed, mainly through industrial pollution and barriers to fish migration.
Uncharted Territory: David Thompson on the Columbia Plateau
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David Thompson is revered as a national hero in Canada, but is less well known to Americans. Uncharted Territory: David Thompson on the Columbia Plateau focuses on the years 1807-1812, the time that Thompson spent primarily in the Canadian Rocky Mountains and northwestern United States, and the significant contributions that he made to the history of the American Northwest.
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[4k] New York Quick Walk Empire State Building to CC/Central Park
Under 30min walking from Empire State Building 34th/5th Ave, Herald Square/Macys, Broadway, Times Square, and to Time Warner/Columbus Circle/Central Park. No Edit.
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A Walk Across Smithfield Street Bridge on Saturday November 2, 2013 - Pittsburgh
The Smithfield Street Bridge is a lenticular truss bridge crossing the Monongahela River in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
The bridge was designed by Gustav Lindenthal, the engineer who later designed the Hell Gate Bridge. The bridge was built between 1881--83, opening for traffic on March 19, 1883.[2] It was widened in 1889 and widened again in 1911. The bridge has been designated a National Historic Civic Engineering Landmark, a National Historic Landmark,
The present bridge is the third bridge at the site and remains the second oldest steel bridge in the United States.[citation needed] In 1818, a wooden bridge was built across the Monongahela by Louis Wernwag at a cost of $102,000. This bridge was destroyed in Pittsburgh's Great Fire of 1845. The second bridge on the site was a wire rope suspension bridge built by John A. Roebling. Increases in both bridge traffic and river traffic eventually made the lightly built bridge with eight short spans inadequate. The present Lindenthal bridge was built in its place, using the Roebling bridge's stone masonry piers.
The Smithfield Street Bridge is the second-to-last of the many bridges which span the Monongahela before the river joins with the Allegheny River to form the Ohio River at Downtown Pittsburgh. The Fort Pitt Bridge is further downstream of it.
David Douglas and the Landscape of the Pacific Northwest - 11/9/12
Author Jack Nisbet presented David Douglas and the Landscape of the Pacific Northwest as part of Western Washington University's Huxley College of the Environment Speaker Series at 3 p.m. on Friday, Nov. 9 in CF 125 on the Western campus.
Between 1825-33, Scottish naturalist David Douglas traveled with Hudson's Bay Company fur men throughout their Columbia and New Caledonia Districts, actively interacting with the flora, fauna, and families that lived there. This slide presentation will focus on what ideas Douglas's journals, letters, scientific specimens, taxonomy, artwork, and oral legacy can offer to understanding the place where we live today.
Spokane-based teacher and writer Jack Nisbet's books include Visible Bones, Purple Flat Top, Sources of the River, and The Mapmaker's Eye. The Collector, his biography of David Douglas, was named as one of the Pacific Northwest Bookseller's Association's 2010 Books of the Year. His latest title, David Douglas: A Naturalist at Work, is an illustrated collection of essays that both provide context for Douglas's journeys and relate his work to the modern landscape. It serves as the companion book for a museum exhibit of the same name that is now open at the Northwest Museum of Arts and Culture in Spokane.
The exhibit will travel to the Washington State History Museum in Tacoma in Fall 2013.
The speaker series is held by Western's Huxley College of the Environment to bring together the environmentally minded community and other interested members of the WWU and Bellingham communities. Speakers address topics of contemporary environmental concern in the region and the world.
For more information, please contact the main office of Huxley College of the Environment, at (360) 650-3520.
Western's Huxley College of the Environment is one of the oldest environmental colleges in the nation and a recognized national leader in producing the next generation of environmental stewards. The College's academic programs reflect a broad view of the physical, biological, social and cultural world. This innovative and interdisciplinary approach makes Huxley unique. The College has earned international recognition for the quality of its programs.
Grand Central Terminal
Grand Central Terminal (GCT) is a commuter (and former intercity) railroad terminal at 42nd Street and Park Avenue in Midtown Manhattan in New York City, United States. Built by and named for the New York Central Railroad in the heyday of American long-distance passenger rail travel, it is the largest such facility in the world by number of platforms with 44 serving 67 tracks along them. They are on two levels, both below ground, with 41 tracks on the upper level and 26 on the lower, though the total number of tracks along platforms and in rail yards exceeds 100. The terminal covers an area of 48 acres (19 ha).
The terminal serves commuters traveling on the Metro-North Railroad to Westchester, Putnam, and Dutchess counties in New York State, and Fairfield and New Haven counties in Connecticut. Until 1991 the terminal served Amtrak, which moved to nearby Pennsylvania Station upon completion of the Empire Connection.
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German Americans | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:02:44 1 History
00:03:29 1.1 Colonial era
00:04:49 1.1.1 Palatines
00:06:49 1.1.2 Louisiana
00:08:47 1.1.3 Southeast
00:10:49 1.1.4 New England
00:11:23 1.1.5 Pennsylvania
00:13:54 1.2 American Revolution
00:14:53 1.3 19th century
00:16:09 1.3.1 Jews
00:17:09 1.3.2 Northeastern cities
00:17:25 1.3.3 Cities of the Midwest
00:19:08 1.3.4 Deep South
00:19:22 1.3.5 Texas
00:21:29 1.3.6 Germans from Russia
00:24:18 1.3.7 Civil War
00:25:53 1.3.8 Farmers
00:28:05 1.3.9 Politics
00:30:20 1.4 World Wars
00:30:28 1.4.1 Intellectuals
00:31:41 1.4.2 World War I anti-German sentiment
00:33:56 1.4.3 World War II
00:35:47 1.5 Contemporary period
00:37:35 2 Demographics
00:38:17 2.1 German-American communities
00:38:47 2.1.1 Communities with highest percentages of people of German ancestry
00:40:45 2.1.2 Large communities with high percentages of people of German ancestry
00:41:38 2.1.3 Communities with the most residents born in Germany
00:45:22 3 Counties by percentages of Germans
00:54:17 4 Culture
00:55:39 4.1 Music
00:58:24 4.2 Turners
00:59:31 4.3 Media
01:02:03 4.4 Athletics
01:02:55 4.5 Religion
01:06:27 4.6 Language
01:09:01 5 Assimilation
01:09:10 5.1 Introduction
01:09:29 5.2 The apparent disappearance of German American identity
01:22:22 5.3 Factors making German Americans susceptible to assimilation
01:31:32 5.4 Persistence of unassimilated German Americans
01:34:12 6 German-American influence
01:38:24 7 Education
01:38:55 8 Notable people
01:42:46 8.1 German-American presidents
01:43:32 9 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
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Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
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Speaking Rate: 0.9867405261179203
Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-C
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
German Americans (German: Deutschamerikaner) are Americans who have full or partial German ancestry. With an estimated size of approximately 44 million in 2016, German Americans are the largest of the self-reported ancestry groups by the US Census Bureau in its American Community Survey. German-Americans account for about one third of the total ethnic German population in the world.None of the German states had American colonies. In the 1670s, the first significant groups of German immigrants arrived in the British colonies, settling primarily in Pennsylvania, New York, and Virginia. Immigration continued in very large numbers during the 19th century, with eight million arrivals from Germany. Between 1820 and 1870 over seven and a half million German immigrants came to the United States. By 2010, their population grew to 49.8 million German Americans, reflecting a jump of 6 million people since 2000.
There is a German belt that extends all the way across the United States, from eastern Pennsylvania to the Oregon coast. Pennsylvania has the largest population of German-Americans in the U.S. and is home to one of the group's original settlements, Germantown (Philadelphia), founded in 1683 and the birthplace of the American antislavery movement in 1688, as well as the revolutionary Battle of Germantown. The state of Pennsylvania has 3.5 million people of German ancestry.
They were pulled by the attractions of land and religious freedom, and pushed out of Germany by shortages of land and religious or political oppression. Many arrived seeking religious or political freedom, others for economic opportunities greater than those in Europe, and others for the chance to start fresh in the New World. The arrivals before 1850 were mostly farmers who sought out the most productive land, where their intensive farming techniques would pay off. After 1840, many came to cities, where Germania—German-speaking districts—soon emerged.German Americans established the first kindergartens in the United States, introduced the Christmas tree tradition, and introduced popular foods such as hot dogs and hamburgers to America.The great majority of people with some German ancestry have become Am ...
Wyoming's Original Main Street - Main Street, Wyoming
We explore how Robert Stuart's discover of South Pass became a catalyst for America's westward expansion.
Thomas E. Marceau's Interview
Thomas E. Marceau is an archaeologist and cultural resources specialist at the Hanford site. In this interview, he discusses the geological history of the Hanford area and the Native American tribes that have lived in the area for thousands of years. He also highlights how the displacement of Native Americans have resulted in a cultural and historical crisis for these tribes, because their identities, lives, and communities revolve around the lands their ancestors inhabited.
As well, he emphasizes the importance of risk assessments of the Hanford land that include the perspective and concerns of Native American tribes.
For the full transcript, visit:
Air National Guard of the United States | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:00 1 Overview
00:08:13 2 Chain of command
00:09:56 3 History
00:10:05 3.1 Origins
00:14:06 3.2 Interwar period
00:16:56 3.3 Post-World War II Air National Guard
00:22:50 3.4 Korean War
00:25:55 3.5 Runway alert program
00:28:27 3.6 Aircraft modernization
00:32:39 3.7 Cold War
00:40:39 3.8 Total Force Concept
00:47:13 3.9 Post Cold War era
00:47:40 3.9.1 Panama
00:49:24 3.9.2 Persian Gulf crisis
00:52:57 3.9.3 Front-line aircraft
00:56:44 3.9.4 Balkans operations
01:01:06 3.9.5 Air Expeditionary Force (AEF) Concept
01:02:38 3.10 Global war on terrorism
01:02:47 3.10.1 11 September 2001
01:06:58 3.10.2 Operation Noble Eagle
01:10:20 3.10.3 Operation Enduring Freedom
01:14:43 3.10.3.1 Takur Ghar
01:20:22 3.10.4 Operation Iraqi Freedom
01:21:04 3.10.4.1 Siege of the Haditha Dam
01:25:30 3.10.4.2 Intelligence operations
01:27:36 3.10.4.3 Support operations
01:29:44 3.11 State and local government support
01:29:54 3.11.1 Natural disasters
01:32:06 3.11.2 Hurricane Katrina
01:36:04 3.12 Operation Deep Freeze
01:37:56 4 Air National Guard units (headquarters, wing and group level)
01:38:08 4.1 National
01:38:42 4.2 States
01:38:50 4.3 Federal District and Territories
01:38:59 5 List of Air National Guard Leaders
01:39:25 6 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
There is only one good, knowledge, and one evil, ignorance.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Air National Guard (ANG), also known as the Air Guard, is a federal military reserve force as well as the militia air force of each U.S. state, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the territories of Guam and the U.S. Virgin Islands. It, along with each state's, district's, commonwealth's or territory's Army National Guard component, makes up the National Guard of each state and the districts, commonwealths and territories as applicable.
When Air National Guard units are used under the jurisdiction of the state governor they are fulfilling their militia role. However, if federalized by order of the President of the United States, ANG units become an active part of the United States Air Force. They are jointly administered by the states and the National Guard Bureau, a joint bureau of the Army and Air Force that oversees the United States National Guard.
Air National Guard units are organized and federally recognized federal military reserve forces in each of the fifty U.S. states, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the territories of Guam and the U.S. Virgin Islands, and the District of Columbia of the United States. Each state, the District of Columbia and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico has a minimum of one ANG flying unit with either assigned aircraft or aircraft shared with a unit of the active duty Air Force or the Air Force Reserve under an Associate arrangement. The ANG of the territories of Guam and the Virgin Islands have no aircraft assigned and perform ground support functions. Air National Guard activities may be located on active duty air force bases, air reserve bases, naval air stations/joint reserve bases, or air national guard bases and stations which are either independent military facilities or collocated as tenants on civilian-controlled joint civil-military airports.
ANG units typically operate under Title 32 USC. However, when operating under Title 10 USC all ANG units are operationally gained by an active duty USAF major command (MAJCOM). ANG units of the Combat Air Forces (CAF) based in the Continental United States (CONUS), plus a single air control squadron of the Puerto Rico ANG, are gained by the Air Combat Command (ACC). CONUS-based ANG units in the Mobility Air Forces (MAF), plus the Puerto Rico ANG's airlift wing and the Virgin Islands ANG's civil engineering squadron are gained by the Air Mobility Command (AMC).
The vast majority of ANG units fall under either ACC or AMC. However, there remain a few exceptions, such as the Alaska ANG, ...
National Capital Planning Commission (USA), July 2013
Proceedings from the July 11, 2013 Commission Meeting
Native American religion | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Native American religion
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
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Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
Native American religions are the spiritual practices of the indigenous peoples of the Americas. This article focuses on Native North Americans. Traditional Native American ceremonial ways can vary widely and are based on the differing histories and beliefs of individual tribes, clans, and bands. Early European explorers describe individual Native American tribes and even small bands as each having their own religious practices. Theology may be monotheistic, polytheistic, henotheistic, animistic, or some combination thereof. Traditional beliefs are usually passed down in the forms of oral histories, stories, allegories, and principles, and rely on face to face teaching in one's family and community.
Episode 27 Pink Floyd A Momentary Lapse Of Reason 30th Anniversary
Today, Terrence looks back 30 years at the first Pink Floyd album he was prepared for as a fan which was the 1987 controversial A Momentary Lapse of Reason. Does Terrence still enjoy the album years on or does he side with the Roger Waters Kool-Aid drinkers who said it was Pink Fraud? Spoiler, he is not on the side of the Roger Waters or bust crowd who wrongfully hate this comeback album.
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Richard Andrews | April 2012
The Ulrich Salon Circle closed out the 2011-2012 year with an illustrated presentation by one of the leading voices in public art, Richard Andrews, public art director and former museum director, on April 26, 2012.
Richard Andrews was the founding director of Art in Public Places in Seattle, one of the country's very first governmental entities to create new art for its public buildings. He then directed the Visual Arts Program for the National Endowment for the Arts. Andrews returned to Seattle to direct the University of Washington's art museum for over 20 years. There he expanded the campus public art collection.
Andrews remains very active in the realm of public art, and currently serves as president of the Skystone Foundation, which is the organization responsible for the fundraising, administration, and realization of James Turrell's Roden Crater project. During his Salon Circle presentation, Andrews reflected on his remarkable career and the state of art all around us today.
Italian Americans | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Italian Americans
00:02:45 1 History
00:02:54 1.1 Early period (1492–1775)
00:07:08 1.2 War of Independence to Civil War (1775–1861)
00:11:39 1.3 Civil War and after (1861–90)
00:14:44 1.4 The period of mass immigration (1890–1920)
00:27:26 1.5 1917-1941
00:35:04 1.6 World War II
00:39:05 1.7 Wartime violation of Italian-American civil liberties
00:42:20 1.8 Post-World War II period
00:48:37 1.9 Close of the twentieth century
00:51:49 2 Politics
00:55:57 3 Business and economy
00:56:58 3.1 Workers
00:58:50 3.2 Women
01:04:17 4 Culture
01:07:10 4.1 Literature
01:13:06 4.2 Religion
01:16:56 4.2.1 Italian Jews
01:20:04 4.3 Education
01:21:23 4.4 Language
01:27:55 4.5 Newspapers
01:32:17 4.6 Folklore
01:34:15 5 Discrimination and stereotyping
01:40:52 6 Communities
01:43:01 6.1 New York City
01:46:25 6.2 Philadelphia
01:49:15 6.3 Boston
01:50:19 6.4 Newark
01:52:12 6.5 Saint Louis
01:52:21 6.6 Syracuse
01:53:42 6.7 Providence
01:54:34 6.8 Chicago
01:56:57 6.9 Cleveland
01:58:41 6.10 Milwaukee
01:59:39 6.11 Ybor City
02:00:57 6.12 Birmingham
02:01:39 6.13 San Francisco
02:02:10 6.14 Los Angeles
02:03:29 6.15 San Diego
02:04:43 7 Demographics
02:10:14 7.1 U.S. States with over 10% people of Italian ancestry
02:10:48 7.2 U.S. Communities with the most residents of Italian ancestry
02:13:05 8 Notable people
02:13:14 9 See also
02:13:55 10 References and notes
02:14:05 11 Bibliography
02:14:14 12 External links
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Italian Americans (Italian: italoamericani or italo-americani [ˌitalo.ameriˈkaːni]) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans who have ancestry from Italy. Italian Americans are the seventh largest Census-reported ethnic group in the United States (which includes American ethnicity, an ethnonym used by many in the United States; overall, Italian Americans rank seventh, behind German American, African American, Irish American, Mexican American, English American, and American).About 5.5 million Italians immigrated to the United States from 1820 to 2004. By 1870, there were less than 25,000 Italian immigrants in America, many of them Northern Italian refugees from the wars that accompanied the Risorgimento—the struggle for Italian unification and independence from foreign rule. Immigration began to increase during the 1870s, when more than twice as many Italians immigrated (1870–79: 46,296) than during the five previous decades combined (1820–69: 22,627). The 1870s were followed by the greatest surge of immigration, which occurred between 1880 and 1914 and brought more than 4 million Italians to the United States, the great majority being from Southern Italy and Sicily, with most having agrarian backgrounds. This period of large scale immigration ended abruptly with the onset of the First World War in 1914 and, except for one year (1922), never fully resumed.
Further immigration was greatly limited by several laws Congress passed in the 1920s.Approximately 84% of the Italian immigrants came from the former Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. This was the poorest and least developed part of Italy, still largely rural and agricultural, where much of the populace had been impoverished by centuries of foreign misrule, and an oppressive taxation system imposed after Italian unification in 1861. After unification, the Italian government initially encouraged emigration to relieve economic pressures in the South. After the American Civil War, which resulted in over a half million killed or wounded, immigrant workers were recruited from Italy and elsewhere to fill the labor shortage caused by the war. In the United States, most Italians began their new lives as manual laborers in Eastern cities, mining camps and in agriculture.
The descendants of the Italian immigrants gradually rose from a lower economic class in the first generation to a level comparable to the national average by 1970. The Italian community has often been characterized by strong ties to family, the Roma ...
Cinema of the United States | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Cinema of the United States
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
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- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The cinema of the United States, often metonymously referred to as Hollywood, has had a profound effect on the film industry in general since the early 20th century. The dominant style of American cinema is classical Hollywood cinema, which developed from 1917 to 1960 and characterizes most films made there to this day. While Frenchmen Auguste and Louis Lumière are generally credited with the birth of modern cinema, American cinema quickly came to be the most dominant force in the industry as it emerged. It produces the largest number of films of any single-language national cinema, with more than 800 English-language films released on average every year. While the national cinemas of the United Kingdom (299), Canada (206), and Australia and New Zealand also produce films in the same language, they are not considered part of the Hollywood system. Hollywood has also been considered a transnational cinema. Classical Hollywood produced multiple language versions of some titles, often in Spanish or French. Contemporary Hollywood offshores production to Canada, Australia,and New Zealand.
Hollywood is the oldest film industry in the world, and is considered the birthplace of various genres of cinema—among them comedy, drama, action, the musical, romance, horror, science fiction and the war epic—having set an example for other national film industries. It produced the world's first sound (talkie) as well as musical film The Jazz Singer.In 1878, Eadweard Muybridge demonstrated the power of photography to capture motion. In 1894, the world's first commercial motion-picture exhibition was given in New York City, using Thomas Edison's kinetoscope. The United States produced the world's first sync-sound musical film, The Jazz Singer, in 1927, and was at the forefront of sound-film development in the following decades. Since the early 20th century, the US film industry has largely been based in and around the 30 Mile Zone in Hollywood, Los Angeles, California. Director D. W. Griffith was central to the development of a film grammar. Orson Welles's Citizen Kane (1941) is frequently cited in critics' polls as the greatest film of all time.The major film studios of Hollywood are the primary source of the most commercially successful and most ticket selling movies in the world, such as The Birth of a Nation (1915), Gone with the Wind (1939), The Sound of Music (1965), The Godfather (1972), Jaws (1975), Star Wars (1977), E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (1982), Jurassic Park (1993), Titanic (1997), and Avatar (2009). Moreover, many of Hollywood's highest-grossing movies have generated more box-office revenue and ticket sales outside the United States than films made elsewhere. Today, American film studios collectively generate several hundred movies every year, making the United States one of the most prolific producers of films in the world and a leading pioneer in motion picture engineering and technology.
Auburn Coach Wife Kristi Malzahn Agrees with Match & eHarmony: Men are Jerks
My advice is this: Settle! That's right. Don't worry about passion or intense connection. Don't nix a guy based on his annoying habit of yelling Bravo! in movie theaters. Overlook his halitosis or abysmal sense of aesthetics. Because if you want to have the infrastructure in place to have a family, settling is the way to go. Based on my observations, in fact, settling will probably make you happier in the long run, since many of those who marry with great expectations become more disillusioned with each passing year. (It's hard to maintain that level of zing when the conversation morphs into discussions about who's changing the diapers or balancing the checkbook.)
Obviously, I wasn't always an advocate of settling. In fact, it took not settling to make me realize that settling is the better option, and even though settling is a rampant phenomenon, talking about it in a positive light makes people profoundly uncomfortable. Whenever I make the case for settling, people look at me with creased brows of disapproval or frowns of disappointment, the way a child might look at an older sibling who just informed her that Jerry's Kids aren't going to walk, even if you send them money. It's not only politically incorrect to get behind settling, it's downright un-American. Our culture tells us to keep our eyes on the prize (while our mothers, who know better, tell us not to be so picky), and the theme of holding out for true love (whatever that is—look at the divorce rate) permeates our collective mentality.
Even situation comedies, starting in the 1970s with The Mary Tyler Moore Show and going all the way to Friends, feature endearing single women in the dating trenches, and there's supposed to be something romantic and even heroic about their search for true love. Of course, the crucial difference is that, whereas the earlier series begins after Mary has been jilted by her fiancé, the more modern-day Friends opens as Rachel Green leaves her nice-guy orthodontist fiancé at the altar simply because she isn't feeling it. But either way, in episode after episode, as both women continue to be unlucky in love, settling starts to look pretty darn appealing. Mary is supposed to be contentedly independent and fulfilled by her newsroom family, but in fact her life seems lonely. Are we to assume that at the end of the series, Mary, by then in her late 30s, found her soul mate after the lights in the newsroom went out and her work family was disbanded? If her experience was anything like mine or that of my single friends, it's unlikely.
And while Rachel and her supposed soul mate, Ross, finally get together (for the umpteenth time) in the finale of Friends, do we feel confident that she'll be happier with Ross than she would have been had she settled down with Barry, the orthodontist, 10 years earlier? She and Ross have passion but have never had long-term stability, and the fireworks she experiences with him but not with Barry might actually turn out to be a liability, given how many times their relationship has already gone up in flames. It's equally questionable whether Sex and the City's Carrie Bradshaw, who cheated on her kindhearted and generous boyfriend, Aidan, only to end up with the more exciting but self-absorbed Mr. Big, will be better off in the framework of marriage and family. (Some time after the breakup, when Carrie ran into Aidan on the street, he was carrying his infant in a Baby Björn. Can anyone imagine Mr. Big walking around with a Björn?)