Removal of Confederate monuments and memorials | Wikipedia audio article
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Removal of Confederate monuments and memorials
00:01:59 1 Background 00:03:35 2 Academic commentary 00:09:03 3 History of removals 00:10:10 4 Organizations encouraging monument removal 00:10:48 5 Destruction of monuments 00:12:00 6 Laws hindering removals 00:14:20 7 Public opinion 00:15:04 8 What to do with the plinths (pedestals) 00:16:59 9 Removed monuments and memorials 00:17:09 9.1 National 00:17:29 9.2 Alabama 00:19:13 9.3 Alaska 00:19:39 9.4 Arizona 00:20:12 9.5 Arkansas 00:20:50 9.6 California 00:22:55 9.7 Colorado 00:23:13 9.8 District of Columbia 00:24:18 9.9 Florida 00:31:38 9.10 Georgia 00:33:25 9.11 Kansas 00:34:12 9.12 Kentucky 00:35:31 9.13 Louisiana 00:41:48 9.14 Maine 00:42:06 9.15 Maryland 00:44:50 9.16 Massachusetts 00:45:12 9.17 Mississippi 00:45:46 9.18 Missouri 00:46:42 9.19 Montana 00:47:14 9.20 Nevada 00:47:41 9.21 New Mexico 00:47:56 9.22 New York 00:48:47 9.23 North Carolina 00:54:18 9.24 Ohio 00:55:19 9.25 Oklahoma 00:55:49 9.26 South Carolina 00:56:27 9.27 Tennessee 00:59:55 9.28 Texas 01:08:04 9.29 Utah 01:08:20 9.30 Vermont 01:09:14 9.31 Virginia 01:15:51 9.32 Washington (state) 01:18:29 9.33 Wisconsin 01:19:40 9.34 Canada 01:20:08 10 See also 01:20:51 11 Further reading 01:23:37 11.1 Video
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SUMMARY
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For decades in the U.S., there have been isolated incidents of removal of Confederate monuments and memorials, although generally opposed in public opinion polls, and several U.S. States have passed laws over 115 years to hinder or prohibit further removals. In the wake of the Charleston church shooting in June 2015, several municipalities in the United States removed monuments and memorials on public property dedicated to the Confederate States of America. The momentum accelerated in August 2017 after the Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville, Virginia. The removals were driven by the belief that the monuments glorify white supremacy and memorialize a treasonous government whose founding principle was the perpetuation and expansion of slavery. Many of those who object to the removals, like President Trump, believe that the artifacts are part of the cultural heritage of the United States.The vast majority of these Confederate monuments were built during the era of Jim Crow laws (1877–1954) and the Civil Rights Movement (1954–1968). Detractors claim that they were not built as memorials but as a means of intimidating African Americans and reaffirming white supremacy. The monuments have thus become highly politicized; according to Eleanor Harvey, a senior curator at the Smithsonian American Art Museum and a scholar of Civil War history: If white nationalists and neo-Nazis are now claiming this as part of their heritage, they have essentially co-opted those images and those statues beyond any capacity to neutralize them again.In some Southern states, state law restricts or prohibits altogether the removal or alteration of public Confederate monuments. According to Stan Deaton, senior historian at the Georgia Historical Society, These laws are the Old South imposing its moral and its political views on us forever more. This is what led to the Civil War, and it still divides us as a country. We have competing visions not only about the future but about the past.