Lake Goygol in Ganja, Azerbaijan
Lake Goygol in Ganja, Azerbaijan
Göygöl is a natural impounded lake in Azerbaijan. It is situated at the footsteps of Murovdag, not far from Ganja.
Nestled in the Lower Caucasus Mountains a short distance from Ganja, Azerbaijan’s second city sits on the almost elusive Lake Goygol. The picturesque lake surrounded by dense forest was only recently opened to the public. Here’s how to take a day trip to one of Azerbaijan’s most beautiful spots.
Lake Goygol rates as Azerbaijan’s most beautiful lake. A 12th-century earthquake created the mountain lake, which sits 1500 metres above sea level and attracts thousands of local tourists each year. The deep blue lake surrounded by lush forests in the Lower Caucasus Mountains stretches for almost 3 kilometres. A variety of wildlife, including several species of birds and fish, call the area home too.
But that’s not the only appeal. Several German settlers once formed villages in the nearby mountains before the Soviets moved them away. A hint of German culture hangs in the air with a Lutheran Church and a few remaining monuments. Given that until recently Lake Goygol was off-limits to tourists, those who get the chance to visit this photogenic spot near Ganja should feel privileged.
Because of Lake Goygol’s altitude, the air temperatures will be a welcome change from Azerbaijan’s summer. The vast majority of tourists visit in either spring or summer. But, each season brings a different feel and ambience. The biggest tip, however, will be to avoid weekends when possible to steer clear of the crowds.
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Ganja Lutheran Church (in English)
This architectural work was built in 1885 by the Germans living in Azerbaijan.
The building is located in Ganja, Azerbaijan.
The building was then known as the Lutheran Church.
Due to the First World War in 1915, a number of Germans were forced to leave the region. Ganja Lutheran Church was transferred to Orthodox Christians in Azerbaijan.
The German Lutheran Church functioned as the cultural center of the city of Ganja in the years after World War II.
Currently, the building operates as a Ganja puppet theater.
Goy gol( Blue Lake) and Maral Gol trip
Due to an earthquake which hit the area on 25 September 1139, parts of the Kapaz Mount collapsed and blocked the path of the Kürəkçay River. As a result of diversion of water flow, a lake with pure mountain water was created, hence the name given signifying the pureness of the water. The nearby city of Khanlar was renamed after the Göygöl Lake on 25 April 2008. The city founded as Helenendorf by first German settlers in Azerbaijan in 1819 and with considerable German minority until 1941 had been renamed to Khanlar in 1938. In 1941, German settlers were relocated by Soviet authorities to Kazakhstan. In 1925 the lake was incorporated into the newly founded Goy Gol State Reserve which was superseded as Göygöl National Park in 2008.
Greater Göygöl area is often split into 19 lakes, 8 of which fall into large lakes category, Maralgol, Zelilgöl, Qaragöl among them. It is situated at 1,556 meters above the sea level. The complete length reaches 6,460 meters. The depth of the lake is 93 meters. Due to pureness of the water, one can see underwater life clearly 8–10 meters below the surface. The lake fauna is very rich. The Göygöl Trout has evolved from the river trout since the natural creation of the lake. The Göygöl area is known for dry winters and mild to warm summers. Rainfalls range from 600 to 900 mm. The lake is a major tourist attraction during the spring and summer seasons. In 2009, more than 4500 tourists have visited Goygol. Among the tourists, many are German nationals. In the vicinity of Göygöl, there are settlements populated by ethnic Germans, many monuments of German culture and an old German Lutheran church built in 1854.
Maral-gol mountainous lake at the height of 1910 m. on Murovdag Mountain. The lake occupies the territory of 23 hectares with utmost depth of 60 m. Maralgol is connected with Goygol (Blue lake) via Akhsu river. Strong earthquake led to the creation of this lake is created where the rocks collapsed and blocked the route of the local river. The lake is surrounded with the marshland, typical moorland, mountains and dense forests. It is considered as one of the most beautiful and picturesque places in the country out of other eight neighboring mountain lakes.
The magical montain lakes of Goygol National Park asre as iconic to the Ganja region of Azerbaijan as the Maiden`s Tower is to Baku.
Azerbaijani Orthodox believers celebrate Christmas
At night on January 7, the Azerbaijani Orthodox Christians celebrated Christmas; liturgies were served in three churches in Baku, and churches in Ganja and Khachmaz. The festive service at the Cathedral of the Holy Myrrh-Bearing Women in Baku, the main country's Russian Orthodox Church, started around midnight and lasted for an hour and a half. The church was visited by about five hundred believers, the Caucasian Knot correspondent reports. Besides, the Christmas services were held in two other Orthodox churches in Baku – the Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary and the Church of Michael the Archangel, as well as in Churches of Alexander Nevsky in Ganja and Saint Nicholas in Khachmaz. Christmas according to the Julian calendar was also celebrated by the congregation of worship house of Saint Seraphim of Sarov in Sumgait. For details, see:
Гёйгёль и лебеди - музыка заповедного озера | Film Studio Aves
Гёйгёль (азерб. Göygöl — голубое озеро) — озеро в западной части Азербайджана, расположенное на территории Гёйгёльского района, на северном склоне хребта Муровдаг, у подножия горы Кяпаз, в ущелье реки Ахсу. Является одним из крупнейших озёр в Азербайджане. Озеро образовалось в результате разрушительного землетрясения, произошедшего близ Гянджи 30 сентября 1139 года, в результате которого вершина горы Кяпаз обрушилась в ущелье реки Ахсу.
Площадь озера составляет 0,78 км²; длина с юга на север — 2800 м, наибольшая ширина — 800 м. Средняя глубина — 30 м, а максимальная — 96 м. Высота над уровнем моря — 1553,3 м.
На северном берегу озера Гёйгёль расположен курорт.
Видео: Игорь, Никита, Илья Бышнёвы, Наталья Тетеревская (AVES).
Музыка: Наталья Тетеревская (AVES ).
Спасибо: сотрудникам парка и Международной экологической организации IDEA (International Dialogue for Environmental Action).
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German footprints in the Caucasus
Between the first half of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th, over 200,000 Germans moved into the Caucasus region of Azerbaijan.
Helendorf was the first German colony and the first Azeri town founded by foreigners. That was in 1819. Later renamed Khanlar, but now known as Göygöl, it carries the indelible mark of 122 years of German cultural influence.
German settlers first arrived in Azerbaijan in 1818. Two hundred families came to the existing town of Elisabethpol, now named Ganja. Helendorf was founded one year later by about 120 families. By 1918 over 6,000 Germans had moved into eight colonies created in the region. They came to the Caucasus for a variety of reasons.
According to Shergiyye Humbatova of Göygöl’s Culture and Tourism Department, “The Germans who arrived here at the beginning of the 19th century came from Württemberg, because of the poverty in their country, because of miserable conditions, war and a lack of jobs. At the same time the Russian government wanted to increase the number of Christians in this area.”
There are no Germans left in Göygöl. The last resident, Viktor Klein, died in 2007 at the age of 72. His friend Fikret Ismayilov took us to his house, which was built by Victor’s father.
We were given special access to the building, before it becomes a museum.
“Welcome to Viktor’s house, this is where Viktor lived. Everything is well-preserved,” smiles Fikret.
Entering Viktor’s house is like going back in time. Viktor Klein was a radio technician. As well as German, he could speak Azeri and Russian. He was well-integrated and rooted in multiple cultures.
“In the kitchen there are two ovens,” continues Fikret, “a German one and a second one from the Soviet era. The German one is better.”
…“Viktor and I met in 1951, we met at a youth camp. From 1951 till his death we were friends, we visited each other, and we were very close.”
In 1941, after the Nazi attack against the Soviet Union, Moscow issued a decree exiling Germans from the Caucasus. Viktor’s family stayed, but they were an exception. In a period of around one week nearly 200,000 Germans were deported from the Caucasus to Central Asia and Siberia. Over 22,000 had to leave Azerbaijan. It was a bitter blow to a community that had played such a major role in the economic, social and cultural life.
Fikret shows us old photos of Viktor and his mother.
Says Fikret, “His father was a Polish senior doctor. He was a member of the Communist party. At that time there was a decision that mixed couples wouldn’t be deported. Because of that they were allowed to stay.”
We head into the cellar of Viktor’s former home. Viktor, like many other Germans in town, loved to produce homemade wine. That passion was widespread in Göygöl and still today there are many opportunities to taste local wine.
Wine is part of the heritage of German settlers. In 1860 they founded Azerbaijan’s first winery, here in Göygöl. The company founded by the Fohrer and Hummel brothers produced nearly 60 percent of the region’s wine by the end of the 19th century. These days it remains one of the country’s most prolific wineries.
States Rasim Omarov of Göygöl Winery: “The plant continued operating during Soviet times, it produced cognac and spirits which were sold in the Russian market and in Europe.”
The Germans left their mark also in terms of architecture and urban planning.
St. John’s, Azerbaijan’s first Lutheran church, was built here in 1857. Today it is a museum. Strolling around the town centre, you can find over 300 German houses along the notably straight streets.
“There are things we learnt from them, and things they learnt from us. In 1822 that type of construction was a big advance,” says Fikret, a former architect. “At that time, streets in Azeri cities were like this,” he recalls while motioning a zigzag with his hand.
Germans were an active and well-integrated community in Azerbaijan. Their legacy has become part of the Azeri cultural heritage.
In the next edition of Azerbaijan Life we travel to the Great Caucasus to meet the artisans of Lahic, noted for their skills with copper.
Озеро Гёйгель - жемчужина сокрытая в горах.
Гёйгель - великолепное озеро в западной части Азербайджана, расположенное на территории Гёйгельского района, на северном склоне хребта Муровдаг, у подножия горы Кяпаз, в ущелье реки Ахсу. Является одним из крупнейших озер в Азербайджане. Площадь озера составляет 0,78 км²; длина с юга на север - 2800 м, наибольшая ширина - 800 м. Средняя глубина - 30 м, а максимальная - 96 м. Озеро образовалось в результате разрушительного землетрясения, произошедшего близ Гянджи 30 сентября 1139 года, в результате которого вершина горы Кяпаз обрушилась в ущелье реки Ахсу. Образовавшаяся запруда и есть озеро Гёйгель. Однако по исследованиям многих авторов, озеро имеет ледниковое происхождение.На территории озеро известно 423 видов деревьев и кустарников, а также лекарственных растений. Из них 76 видов - деревья и кустарники, остальные образуют травяной покров. По берегам озера водятся олень, косуля, медведь, кабан, горный козел, волк, лисица, шакал, барсук, дикобраз, лесной кот, рысь. В озере также водится форель.Озеро находится на территории Гёйгельского национального парка. Парк был создан в 2008 году на территории Гёйгельского района. Общая площадь парка - 12,755 гектаров (127,55 кв. км). Парк создан на базе Гёйгельского государственного заповедника, основанного в 1925 году.
Район Гёйгёля примечателен не только нацпарком и озером, оказывается, с 19 века здесь массово селились немецкие колонисты, они же заложили 22 августа 1819 г. на месте древнего села Ханлыглар город Еленендорф — будущий Ханлар. Немецкое наследие сегодня чутко оберегают, так что на территории района можно увидеть порядка 30 исторических и архитектурных памятников, принадлежащих рукам педантичных тевтонов. В частности, в Ханларе стоит осмотреть лютеранскую церковь (1854) и три моста, возведенных немецкими руками. Интерес представляет и местное культурное наследие: храм Габриэль в селе Шахрияр (1674), мавзолей «Анагид» в Чайкенде, Девичью башня в Учбулаге, кладбища конца бронзового — начала железного века на территории Гушгары и Балчылы.
#lake #lago #lac #goygol #azerbaijan #narmintour #wildnature #caucasus #aserbaidschan #gandzha
Azerbaijan's Lost Houses of God
In 1920 the Soviets broke Azerbaijan’s democratic republic and started incorporating the country into their Communist project. Loyal to Karl Marx’s vision of religion as “the opium of the people”, the Bolsheviks cracked down on religion and replaced it with atheism - and their ideology.
From its early stages, the USSR destroyed religious buildings or stripped them of their functions and used for other purposes. At the fall of the Soviet Union, however, not all of the surviving “houses of God” returned to their original function -- for some it was just too late.
Filmmaker Tural Haji takes his camera in three former shrines in three cities - a mosque turned into an office in Baku and two churches which are now a theatre and a library, respectively in Ganja and Goygol - to explores what people working in them feel about those walls’ past.
2017 Top 5 Best New Year's Firework in the World.
New Year's Day, also called simply New Year's or New Year, is observed on January 1, the first day of the year on the modern Gregorian calendar as well as the Julian calendar. In pre-Christian Rome under the Julian calendar, the day was dedicated to Janus, god of gateways and beginnings, for whom January is also named. As a date in the Gregorian calendar of Christendom, New Year's Day liturgically marked the Feast of the Naming and Circumcision of Jesus, which is still observed as such in the Anglican Church and Lutheran Church. In present day, with most countries now using the Gregorian calendar as their de facto calendar, New Year's Day is probably the most celebrated public holiday, often observed with fireworks at the stroke of midnight as the new year starts in each time zone. Other global New Years' Day traditions include making New Year's resolutions and calling one's friends and family.
History
The first time the new year was celebrated on January 1 was in Rome in 153 BC (In fact, the month of January did not even exist until around 700 BC, when the second king of Rome, Numa Pontilius, added the months of January and February.) The new year was moved from March to January because that was the beginning of the civil year
In 46 BC Julius Caesar extended the year to 445 days (annus confusionis). The normal number of 355 days had already been increased by the addition of the ordinary 23 days, inserted after February 23. As many as 67 days, divided into two menses intercalares, were now interposed between November and December.
TIME TO CELEBRATE Which country celebrates New Year first and where is the latest? Times around the world
AS December 31 approaches, the world is preparing to come together and celebrate the arrival of a brand New Year.
Festivities have kicked off around the world, as each country celebrates in its own way.When will other countries around the world celebrate the New Year in relation to the UK?
But the New Year arrives at different times for different countries across the world.
So which country counts down to 2017 first? And where does the New Year arrive latest?
Here is our comprehensive guide…
Fireworks exploding over Sydney harbour symbolises the start of global New Year’s festivities for most Brits.
But it may surprise you to hear that Australia is not the first country in the world to welcome the New Year.
The tiny pacific island of Tonga will ring in 2017 at 10am GMT on December 31 – a full three hours before it reaches Down Under.
Where will 2017 arrive last?
After travelling all around the world, the New Year will eventually come full circle – or near enough.
The last place or places to receive 2017 will be the tiny outlying islands of the US.
Baker Island and Howland Island will greet the New Year at 12 Midday on January 1 – or at least they would if any people lived there.
Second last will be American Samoa at 11am – just 558 miles from Tonga, where locals and visitors were celebrating a full 25 hours before. It's therefore possible to get a quick flight in between the two and count down to 2017 twice.
What time does New Year arrive around the world?
Sat 10:00 Tonga and 2 more
Sat 11:00 New Zealand
Sat 13:00-15:15 Australia
Sat 15:00 Japan & South Korea
Sat 15:30 North Korea
Sat 16:00 China, Philippines, Singapore
Sat 17:00 Most of Indonesia
Sat 17:30 Myanmar and Cocos Islands
Sat 18:00 Bangladesh
Sat 18:15 Nepal
Sat 18:30 India and Sri Lanka
Sat 19:00 Pakistan
Sat 19:30 Afghanistan
Sat 20:00 Azerbaijan
Sat 20:30 Iran
Sat 21:00 Moscow/Russia
Sat 22:00 Greece
Sat 23:00 Germany
Sun 00:00 United Kingdom
Sun 02-3:00 Brazil
Sun 03:00 Argentina, Paraguay
Sun 03:30-8:00 USA, Canada
Sun 09:00 Alaska
Sun 10:00 Hawaii
Sun 11:00 American Samoa
Sun 12:00 US outlying islands (Baker Island, Howland Island etc)
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Alexander I of Russia | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Alexander I of Russia
00:03:20 1 Early life
00:04:26 2 Succession to the throne
00:05:27 3 Domestic policy
00:08:03 4 Napoleonic wars
00:08:13 4.1 Views held by his contemporaries
00:09:03 4.2 Alliances with other powers
00:10:53 4.3 Opposition to Napoleon
00:12:34 4.4 1807 loss to French forces
00:14:45 4.5 Prussia
00:16:17 4.6 Franco-Russian alliance
00:20:13 4.7 War against Persia
00:22:28 4.8 French invasion
00:25:36 4.9 War of the Sixth Coalition
00:29:34 5 Postbellum
00:29:43 5.1 Peace of Paris and the Congress of Vienna
00:32:06 5.2 Liberal political views
00:34:58 5.3 Revolt of the Greeks
00:36:36 6 Private life
00:38:06 7 Death
00:39:34 8 Children
00:39:43 9 Other
00:40:16 10 Ancestry
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Alexander I (Russian: Александр Павлович, Aleksandr Pavlovich; 23 December [O.S. 12 December] 1777 – 1 December [O.S. 19 November] 1825) reigned as Emperor of Russia between 1801 and 1825. He was the oldest son of Paul I and Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg. Alexander was the first Russian King of partitioned Poland, reigning from 1815 to 1825, as well as the first Russian Grand Duke of Finland, reigning from 1809 to 1825.
He was born in Saint Petersburg to Grand Duke Paul Petrovich, later Emperor Paul I, and succeeded to the throne after his father was murdered. He ruled Russia during the chaotic period of the Napoleonic Wars. As prince and during the early years of his reign, Alexander often used liberal rhetoric, but continued Russia's absolutist policies in practice. In the first years of his reign, he initiated some minor social reforms and (in 1803–04) major, liberal educational reforms, such as building more universities. Alexander appointed Mikhail Speransky, the son of a village priest, as one of his closest advisors. The Collegia was abolished and replaced by the State Council, which was created to improve legislation. Plans were also made to set up a parliament and sign a constitution.
In foreign policy, he changed Russia's position relative to France four times between 1804 and 1812 among neutrality, opposition, and alliance. In 1805 he joined Britain in the War of the Third Coalition against Napoleon, but after the massive defeat at the Battle of Austerlitz he switched and formed an alliance with Napoleon by the Treaty of Tilsit (1807) and joined Napoleon's Continental System. He fought a small-scale naval war against Britain between 1807 and 1812 as well as a short war against Sweden (1808–09) after Sweden's refusal to join the Continental System. Alexander and Napoleon hardly agreed, especially regarding Poland, and the alliance collapsed by 1810. The tsar's greatest triumph came in 1812 as Napoleon's invasion of Russia proved a total disaster for the French. As part of the winning coalition against Napoleon he gained some spoils in Finland and Poland. He formed the Holy Alliance to suppress revolutionary movements in Europe that he saw as immoral threats to legitimate Christian monarchs. He helped Austria's Klemens von Metternich in suppressing all national and liberal movements.
In the second half of his reign he was increasingly arbitrary, reactionary and fearful of plots against him; he ended many earlier reforms. He purged schools of foreign teachers, as education became more religiously oriented as well as politically conservative. Speransky was replaced as advisor with the strict artillery inspector Aleksey Arakcheyev, who oversaw the creation of military settlements. Alexander died of typhus in December 1825 while on a trip to southern Russia. He left no children, as his two daughters died in childhood. Both of his brothers wanted the other to become emperor. After a period of great confusion (that presaged the failed Decembrist revolt of liberal army officers in the weeks after his death), he was succeeded by his younger brother, Nicholas I.
Catherine the Great | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:39 1 Early life
00:10:30 2 Reign of Peter III and the icoup d'état/i of July 1762
00:14:34 3 Reign (1762–96)
00:14:45 3.1 Coronation (1762)
00:16:13 3.2 Foreign affairs
00:17:39 3.2.1 Russo-Turkish Wars
00:19:52 3.2.2 Russo-Persian War
00:21:56 3.2.3 Relations with Western Europe
00:23:36 3.2.4 Partitions of Poland
00:25:22 3.2.5 Relations with Japan
00:26:21 3.3 Economics and finance
00:28:16 3.4 Arts and culture
00:35:08 3.5 Education
00:42:35 3.6 Religious affairs
00:43:52 3.6.1 Islam
00:46:09 3.6.2 Judaism
00:48:16 3.6.3 Russian Orthodoxy
00:50:40 3.7 Personal life
00:52:51 3.7.1 Poniatowski
00:55:43 3.7.2 Orlov
00:57:25 3.7.3 Potemkin
00:59:20 3.8 Serfs
00:59:42 3.8.1 Rights and conditions
01:03:46 3.8.2 Attitudes towards Catherine
01:06:27 4 Final months and death
01:10:51 5 Children
01:11:00 6 Romanov dynastic issues
01:11:11 6.1 Pretenders and potential pretenders to the throne
01:13:01 6.1.1 Rise of pretenders
01:17:03 6.1.2 Pretenders and royal marks
01:19:36 6.2 Succession to the throne
01:20:22 7 Titles and styles
01:21:13 8 In popular culture
01:22:22 9 Ancestry
01:22:31 10 List of prominent Catherinians
01:23:29 11 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.9799328397112379
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-B
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Catherine II (Russian: Екатерина Алексеевна Yekaterina Alekseyevna; 2 May [O.S. 21 April] 1729 – 17 November [O.S. 6 November] 1796), also known as Catherine the Great (Екатери́на Вели́кая, Yekaterina Velikaya), born Princess Sophie of Anhalt-Zerbst, was Empress of Russia from 1762 until 1796, the country's longest-ruling female leader. She came to power following a coup d'état that she organised—resulting in her husband, Peter III, being overthrown. Under her reign, Russia was revitalised; it grew larger and stronger and was recognised as one of the great powers of Europe.
In her accession to power and her rule of the empire, Catherine often relied on her noble favourites, most notably count Grigory Orlov and Grigory Potemkin. Assisted by highly successful generals such as Alexander Suvorov and Pyotr Rumyantsev, and admirals such as Fyodor Ushakov, she governed at a time when the Russian Empire was expanding rapidly by conquest and diplomacy. In the south, the Crimean Khanate was crushed following victories over the Ottoman Empire in the Russo–Turkish wars, and Russia colonised the territories of Novorossiya along the coasts of the Black and Azov Seas. In the west, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, ruled by Catherine's former lover, king Stanisław August Poniatowski, was eventually partitioned, with the Russian Empire gaining the largest share. In the east, Russia started to colonise Alaska, establishing Russian America.
Catherine reformed the administration of Russian guberniyas, and many new cities and towns were founded on her orders. An admirer of Peter the Great, Catherine continued to modernise Russia along Western European lines. However, military conscription and the economy continued to depend on serfdom, and the increasing demands of the state and private landowners led to increased levels of reliance on serfs. This was one of the chief reasons behind several rebellions, including the large-scale Pugachev's Rebellion of cossacks and peasants.
Catherine decided to have herself inoculated against smallpox by a Scottish doctor, Thomas Dimsdale. While this was considered a controversial method at the time, she succeeded. Her son Pavel was later inoculated as well. Catherine then sought to have inoculations throughout her empire stating: My objective was, through my example, to save from death the multitude of my subjects who, not knowing the value of this technique, and frightened of it, were left in danger. By 1800, approximately 2 million inoculations were administer ...