Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte - Valoridinapoli.it
The Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte (Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte is an astronomical observatory owned and operated by Italy's Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (National Institute for Astrophysics, INAF). It is located in Naples, Italy, on the Capodimonte hill.
Ciccio Merolla MEROLLASOLO
Martedi 13 dicembre 2016
A CAPODIMONTE TRA LUNA E MUSICA
Stagione Concertistica 2016
Auditorium dell'Osservatorio Astronomico
di Capodimonte in Napoli
L'Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte a Buongiorno Regione
eso1119d.m4v
ESO/INAF-VST/OmegaCAM/S. Brunier/Digitized Sky Survey 2
Acknowledgement: A. Grado/INAF-Capodimonte Observatory
Music: John Dyson (from the album Darklight)
Visite guidate per studenti all'Osservatorio Astronomico
La Società Astronomica Schiaparelli di Varese propone una serie di visite guidate finalizzate a fornire una diretta conoscenza della preziosità ed unicità del patrimonio tecno-astronomico, naturalistico e geofisico sito nella nostra provincia. Si tratta di un'esperienza educativo-didattica unica, che consentirà agli studenti coinvolti di vivere un arricchente momento scientifico-naturalistico. All'iniziativa potranno aderire gli istituti di ogni ordine e grado, dalle scuole per l'infanzia a quelle superiori. Tra gli itinerari tematici proposti quelli riferiti al nostro sistema solare, alle costellazioni, alla natura nel Campo dei Fiori ed al funzionamento dell'Osservatorio Astronomico.
VST - The New VLT Survey Telescope
... ESOcast 30: First Images from the VLT Survey Telescope - VST and OmegaCAM start work.
This ESOcast introduces the VLT Survey Telescope (VST), the latest addition to ESO's Paranal Observatory. This new telescope has just made its first release of impressive images of the southern sky.
The VST is a state-of-the-art 2.6-metre telescope, with the huge 268-megapixel camera OmegaCAM at its heart. It is designed to map the sky both quickly and with very fine image quality.
It is a visible-light telescope that perfectly complements ESO's VISTA infrared survey telescope. New images of the Omega Nebula and the globular cluster Omega Centauri demonstrate the VST's power.
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A new telescope for mapping the skies is about to start work at ESO's Paranal Observatory in Chile. The VLT Survey Telescope, or VST, with the 268 megapixel OmegaCAM camera at its heart, is the latest addition to the observatory. It is the largest telescope in the world designed to survey the sky in visible light.
The special thing about the VST is that it has a very wide field of view — about twice as broad as the full Moon. It's dedicated to mapping the skies both very quickly and with very high image quality. The VST is housed in an enclosure right next to the VLT Unit Telescopes on the summit of Cerro Paranal under the pristine skies of one of the best observing sites on the planet.
Over the next few years the VST and its huge camera OmegaCAM will be busy making some very detailed maps of the southern skies and in this episode you'll get to see the very first released images from this brand new telescope.
The VST is a visible light telescope that perfectly complements the VISTA infrared survey telescope. The unique combination of the VST and VISTA will allow many interesting objects to be identified that can then be studied in detail with the powerful telescopes of the VLT.
The VST is a state-of-the-art 2.6-metre telescope equipped with an active optics system that keeps the two mirrors of the telescope perfectly aligned at all times in order to ensure the highest possible image quality. Now, at its core, behind huge lenses, lies the OmegaCAM camera which was built around no less than 32 CCD detectors which, together, create a whopping 268 megapixel image.
The camera also contains some extra CCDs that help with the telescope guiding and the active optics system, as well as some absolutely enormous colour filters. Both the telescope and the camera were designed to take full advantage of the excellent observing conditions on Paranal.
The VST will make three public surveys over the next five years. One survey, called KIDS, will image several regions of the sky away from the Milky Way. It will help astronomers understand more about dark matter, dark energy and galaxy evolution, and find many new galaxy clusters and high-redshift quasars. The VST ATLAS survey will cover a larger area of sky and will focus on determining the properties of dark energy. Like KIDS, it will also hunt for far-away galaxies and quasars.
The third survey, VPHAS+, will image the central plane of the Milky Way to map the structure of the Galactic disc and its star-formation history. It will yield a catalogue of around 500 million objects and will discover many new examples of unusual stars at all stages of their evolution.
The VST has just made its first release of images:
The spectacular Omega Nebula, also known as Swan Nebula, is a region of gas, dust and hot young stars that lies in the heart of the Milky Way. The VST field of view is so large that the entire nebula, including its fainter outer parts, is captured — and retains its superb sharpness cross the entire field.
Omega Centauri is the largest globular cluster in the sky. But the VST, with its very wide field of view, has no problem in capturing the whole object in a single image, including its very faint outer regions. This image contains about 300 000 stars and it highlights the impressive sharpness of the VST's images.
The combination of large field of view, excellent image quality, and the very efficient operations scheme of the VST will produce an enormous wealth of information that will advance a number of different fields of astrophysics. Many astronomers — including myself, actually — are really looking forward to the first results from the VST surveys.
Credit: ESO
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Elliptical Elegance
A glittering host of galaxies populate this rich image taken with ESO’s VLT Survey Telescope, a state-of-the-art 2.6-m telescope designed for surveying the sky in visible light. The features of the multitude of galaxies strewn across the image allow astronomers to uncover the most delicate details of galactic structure.
Whereas ESO’s Very Large Telescope (VLT) can observe very faint astronomical objects in great detail, when astronomers want to understand how the huge variety of galaxies come into being they must turn to a different sort of telescope with a much bigger field of view. The VLT Survey Telescope (VST) is such a telescope. It was designed to explore vast swathes of the pristine Chilean night skies, offering astronomers detailed astronomical surveys of the southern hemisphere.
The powerful surveying properties of the VST led an international team of astronomers to conduct the VST Early-type GAlaxy Survey (VEGAS) to examine a collection of elliptical galaxies in the southern hemisphere. Using the sensitive OmegaCAM detector at the heart of the VST, a team led by Marilena Spavone from INAF-Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte in Naples, Italy, captured images of a wide variety of such galaxies in different environments.
One of these galaxies is NGC 5018, the milky-white galaxy near the centre of this image. It lies in the constellation of Virgo (The Virgin) and may at first resemble nothing but a diffuse blob. But, on closer inspection, a tenuous stream of stars and gas — a tidal tail — can be seen stretching outwards from this elliptical galaxy. Delicate galactic features such as tidal tails and stellar streams are hallmarks of galactic interactions, and provide vital clues to the structure and dynamics of galaxies.
As well as the many elliptical (and a few spiral) galaxies in this remarkable 400-megapixel image, a colourful variety of bright foreground stars in our own Milky Way Galaxy also pepper the image. These stellar interlopers, such as the vividly blue HD 114746 near the centre of the image, are not the intended subjects of this astronomical portrait, but happen to lie between the Earth and the distant galaxies under study. Less prominent, but no less fascinating, are the faint tracks left by asteroids in our own Solar System. Just below NGC 5018, the faint streak left by the asteroid 2001 TJ21 (110423) — captured over several successive observations — can be seen stretching across the image. Further to the right, another asteroid — 2000 WU69 (98603) — left its trace in this spectacular image.
While astronomers set out to investigate the delicate features of distant galaxies millions of light-years from Earth, in the process they also captured images of nearby stars hundreds of light-years away, and even the faint trails of asteroids only light-minutes away in our own Solar System. Even when studying the furthest reaches of the cosmos, the sensitivity of ESO telescopes and dark Chilean skies can offer entrancing observations much closer to home.
Credit:
European Southern Observatory (ESO).
Directed by: Nico Bartmann.
Editing: Nico Bartmann.
Web and technical support: Mathias André and Raquel Yumi Shida.
Written by: Stephen Molyneux and Mariya Lyubenova.
Music: written and performed by Stan Dart (
Footage and photos: ESO, Spavone et al, N. Risinger ( David Malin.
Executive producer: Lars Lindberg Christensen.
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ESOcast 30: First Images from the VLT Survey Telescope -- VST and 268 megapixel OmegaCAM start work
This ESOcast introduces the VLT Survey Telescope (VST), the latest addition to ESO's Paranal Observatory. This new telescope has just made its first release of impressive images of the southern sky. The VST is a state-of-the-art 2.6-metre telescope, with the huge 268-megapixel camera OmegaCAM at its heart. It is designed to map the sky both quickly and with very fine image quality. It is a visible-light telescope that perfectly complements ESO's VISTA infrared survey telescope. New images of the Omega Nebula and the globular cluster Omega Centauri demonstrate the VST's power.
More information:
Camera Chiara - Live alla Corte di Urania - 03
Title track:
[0:00] - Danzano le memorie
[1:18] - In un Gioco di Specchi
Author: Camera Chiara
Event: Live alla Corte di Urania
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VIDEO DESCRIPTION
Except from the concert performed on June, 11, 2015 by the band Camera Chiara, at the Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte, Naples.
The concert was part of an exhibition on the relationship between Progressive rock and astronomy, an event entitled: In the court of Urania.
The performance of the band was a sort of musical comment to astronomical images and it was also an opening to other important Italian artists such as: Fabio Zuffanti&Zband and Jenny Sorrenti.
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DESCRIZIONE VIDEO
Estratto dal live in apertura al concerto di Zuffanti e Z band, per la manifestazione organizzata dal Rotters Club, Alla corte di Urania: Tra i Suoni delle Stelle e del Progressive Rock, in collaborazione con INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, Napoli, in data 11/06/15.
Programma dell'evento:
Prodotto da Italo Testa e Silvio Leccia.
Registrazione, missaggio e mastering audio a cura di Antonio Pappacoda c/o Bright Room Studio
Si ringrazia l'Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, Napoli - Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, per la gentile concessione dell'auditorio, delle riprese e la realizzazione di questo concerto.
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LINKS
Facebook ➜
Bandcamp ➜
Rotters Club ➜
Studio di registrazione: Bright Room Studio ➜
Camera Chiara - Live alla Corte di Urania - 02
Title track: Nel tuo mondo
Author: Camera Chiara
Event: Live alla Corte di Urania
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VIDEO DESCRIPTION
Except from the concert performed on June, 11, 2015 by the band Camera Chiara, at the Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte, Naples.
The concert was part of an exhibition on the relationship between Progressive rock and astronomy, an event entitled: In the court of Urania.
The performance of the band was a sort of musical comment to astronomical images and it was also an opening to other important Italian artists such as: Fabio Zuffanti&Zband and Jenny Sorrenti.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DESCRIZIONE VIDEO
Estratto dal live in apertura al concerto di Zuffanti e Z band, per la manifestazione organizzata dal Rotters Club, Alla corte di Urania: Tra i Suoni delle Stelle e del Progressive Rock, in collaborazione con INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, Napoli, in data 11/06/15.
Programma dell'evento:
Prodotto da Italo Testa e Silvio Leccia.
Registrazione, missaggio e mastering audio a cura di Antonio Pappacoda c/o Bright Room Studio
Si ringrazia l'Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, Napoli - Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, per la gentile concessione dell'auditorio, delle riprese e la realizzazione di questo concerto.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LINKS
Facebook ➜
Bandcamp ➜
Rotters Club ➜
Studio di registrazione: Bright Room Studio ➜
Camera Chiara - Live alla Corte di Urania - 05
Title track: Il Nuovo e il Vecchio Giorno
Author: Camera Chiara
Event: Live alla Corte di Urania
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VIDEO DESCRIPTION
Except from the concert performed on June, 11, 2015 by the band Camera Chiara, at the Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte, Naples.
The concert was part of an exhibition on the relationship between Progressive rock and astronomy, an event entitled: In the court of Urania.
The performance of the band was a sort of musical comment to astronomical images and it was also an opening to other important Italian artists such as: Fabio Zuffanti&Zband and Jenny Sorrenti.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DESCRIZIONE VIDEO
Estratto dal live in apertura al concerto di Zuffanti e Z band, per la manifestazione organizzata dal Rotters Club, Alla corte di Urania: Tra i Suoni delle Stelle e del Progressive Rock, in collaborazione con INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, Napoli, in data 11/06/15.
Programma dell'evento:
Prodotto da Italo Testa e Silvio Leccia.
Registrazione, missaggio e mastering audio a cura di Antonio Pappacoda c/o Bright Room Studio
Si ringrazia l'Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, Napoli - Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, per la gentile concessione dell'auditorio, delle riprese e la realizzazione di questo concerto.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LINKS
Facebook ➜
Bandcamp ➜
Rotters Club ➜
Studio di registrazione: Bright Room Studio ➜
Camera Chiara - Live alla Corte di Urania - 04
Title track: Come il bianco col nero
Author: Camera Chiara
Event: Live alla Corte di Urania
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VIDEO DESCRIPTION
Except from the concert performed on June, 11, 2015 by the band Camera Chiara, at the Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte, Naples.
The concert was part of an exhibition on the relationship between Progressive rock and astronomy, an event entitled: In the court of Urania.
The performance of the band was a sort of musical comment to astronomical images and it was also an opening to other important Italian artists such as: Fabio Zuffanti&Zband and Jenny Sorrenti.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DESCRIZIONE VIDEO
Estratto dal live in apertura al concerto di Zuffanti e Z band, per la manifestazione organizzata dal Rotters Club, Alla corte di Urania: Tra i Suoni delle Stelle e del Progressive Rock, in collaborazione con INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, Napoli, in data 11/06/15.
Programma dell'evento:
Prodotto da Italo Testa e Silvio Leccia.
Registrazione, missaggio e mastering audio a cura di Antonio Pappacoda c/o Bright Room Studio
Si ringrazia l'Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, Napoli - Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, per la gentile concessione dell'auditorio, delle riprese e la realizzazione di questo concerto.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LINKS
Facebook ➜
Bandcamp ➜
Rotters Club ➜
Studio di registrazione: Bright Room Studio ➜
ESOcast 30: First Images from the VLT Survey Telescope -- VST and 268 megapixel OmegaCAM start work
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Need to watch more Videos:
ESOcast 30: First Images from the VLT Survey Telescope -- VST and 268 megapixel OmegaCAM start work
----------------------------------
This ESOcast introduces the VLT Survey Telescope (VST), the latest addition to ESO's Paranal Observatory. This new telescope has just made its first release of impressive images of the southern sky. The VST is a state-of-the-art 2.6-metre telescope, with the huge 268-megapixel camera OmegaCAM at its heart. It is designed to map the sky both quickly and with very fine image quality. It is a visible-light telescope that perfectly complements ESO's VISTA infrared survey telescope. New images of the Omega Nebula and the globular cluster Omega Centauri demonstrate the VST's power.
More episodes of the ESOcast ( are also available. Bermuda Triangle
Find out how to view and contribute subtitles for the ESOcast ( in multiple languages, or translate this video on dotSUB (
Credit:
ESO
Visual design and editing: Martin Kornmesser and Luis Calçada
Editing: Herbert Zodet
Web and technical support: Lars Holm Nielsen and Raquel Yumi Shida
Written by: : Richard Hook and Bárbara Ferreira
Narration: Dr. J and Gaitee Hussain
Music: Movetwo (
Footage and photos: ESO and Stéphane Guisard (
Directed by: Richard Hook and Herbert Zodet
Executive producer: Lars Lindberg Christensen
Camera Chiara - Live alla Corte di Urania - 01
Title track:
[0:08] - Pyramid Lake
[1:52] - Chiaroscuri
[12:04] - Maschere cadute
Author: Camera Chiara
Event: Live alla Corte di Urania
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VIDEO DESCRIPTION
Except from the concert performed on June, 11, 2015 by the band Camera Chiara, at the Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte, Naples.
The concert was part of an exhibition on the relationship between Progressive rock and astronomy, an event entitled: In the court of Urania.
The performance of the band was a sort of musical comment to astronomical images and it was also an opening to other important Italian artists such as: Fabio Zuffanti&Zband and Jenny Sorrenti.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DESCRIZIONE VIDEO
Estratto dal live in apertura al concerto di Zuffanti e Z band, per la manifestazione organizzata dal Rotters Club, Alla corte di Urania: Tra i Suoni delle Stelle e del Progressive Rock, in collaborazione con INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, Napoli, in data 11/06/15.
Programma dell'evento:
Prodotto da Italo Testa e Silvio Leccia.
Registrazione, missaggio e mastering audio a cura di Antonio Pappacoda c/o Bright Room Studio
Si ringrazia l'Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, Napoli - Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, per la gentile concessione dell'auditorio, delle riprese e la realizzazione di questo concerto.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LINKS
Facebook ➜
Bandcamp ➜
Rotters Club ➜
Studio di registrazione: Bright Room Studio ➜
Pubblico all'Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte.
tramite YouTube Capture
National Institute for Astrophysics | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:00:32 1 Research facilities
00:02:21 2 International partnerships
00:03:13 3 Notable figures
00:03:26 4 Projects
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.7515665557190571
Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-D
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The National Institute for Astrophysics (Italian: Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, or INAF) is the most important Italian institution conducting scientific research in astronomy and astrophysics. Research performed by the scientific staff of the Institute ranges from the study of the planets and minor bodies of the Solar system up to the large-scale structure of the Universe and groups and clusters of galaxies on cosmological scales.
NGC 1316
Captured using the exceptional sky-surveying abilities of the VLT Survey Telescope (VST) at ESO’s Paranal Observatory in Chile, this deep view reveals the secrets of the luminous members of the Fornax Cluster, one of the richest and closest galaxy clusters to the Milky Way. This 2.3-gigapixel image is one of the largest images ever released by ESO. Perhaps the most fascinating member of the cluster is NGC 1316, a galaxy that has experienced a dynamic history, being formed by the merger of multiple smaller galaxies. The gravitational distortions of the galaxy’s adventurous past have left their mark on its lenticular structure. Large ripples, loops and arcs embedded in the starry outer envelope were first observed in the 1970s, and they remain an active field of study for contemporary astronomers, who use the latest telescope technology to observe the finer details of NGC 1316’s unusual structure through a combination of imaging and modelling. The mergers that formed NGC 1316 led to an influx of gas, which fuels an exotic astrophysical object at its centre: a supermassive black hole with a mass roughly 150 million times that of the Sun. As it accretes mass from its surroundings, this cosmic monster produces immensely powerful jets of high-energy particles , that in turn give rise to the characteristic lobes of emission seen at radio wavelengths, making NGC 1316 the fourth-brightest radio source in the sky. NGC 1316 has also been host to four recorded type Ia supernovae, which are vitally important astrophysical events for astronomers. Since type Ia supernovae have a very clearly defined brightness, they can be used to measure the distance to the host galaxy; in this case, 60 million light-years. These 'standard candles' are much sought-after by astronomers, as they are an excellent tool to reliably measure the distance to remote objects. In fact, they played a key role in the groundbreaking discovery that our Universe is expanding at an accelerating rate.
This image was taken by the VST at ESO’s Paranal Observatory as part of the Fornax Deep Survey, a project to provide a deep, multi-imaging survey of the Fornax Cluster. The team, led by Enrichetta Iodice (INAF – Osservatorio di Capodimonte, Naples, Italy), have previously observed this area with the VST and revealed a faint bridge of light between NGC 1399 and the smaller galaxy NGC 1387. The VST was specifically designed to conduct large-scale surveys of the sky. With its huge corrected field of view and specially designed 256-megapixel camera, OmegaCAM, the VST can produce deep images of large areas of sky quickly, leaving the much larger telescopes — like ESO’s Very Large Telescope (VLT) — to explore the details of individual objects.
Napoli la Storia Vol. II Un Nuovo Regno - Eng. Sub.
E' stato scritto che vi sono due storie: la storia ufficiale, menzognera, che ci viene insegnata, e la storia segreta dove si trovano le vere cause degli avvenimenti; una storia spesso vergognosa.
Qual'è la vera storia di Napoli?
Un Nuovo Regno è un racconto che parte dalle trasformazioni urbanistiche della città, per diramarsi ed intRecciarsi con gli aspetti storici, artistici, antropologici e filosofici. Gli fà da sfondo la cornice storica europea e italiana.
Si realizza così la seconda parte di un'opera didattica e rigorosa, realizzata in grafica 3D, che la rende giovane, fruibile ed affascinante. Dal 1650 all'unità d'Italia.
It has been written that there are two stories: the official, lying story, which is taught to us, and the secret history where the true causes of events are found; an often shameful story.
What is the true story of Naples?
A New Kingdom is a story that starts from the urban transformations of the city, to branch off and intertwine with the historical, artistic, anthropological and philosophical aspects. The European and Italian historical frame is the background.
Thus the second part of a didactic and rigorous work is realized, realized in 3D graphics, which makes it young, usable and fascinating. From 1650 to the unity of Italy
Regia/Director Luciano De Fraia
Musiche/music Christof Unterberger
Paolo Frascani, Storico dell'economia
Alfredo Buccaro, Storico dell'Architettura
Leonardo Di Mauro, Storico dell'Urbanistica
Paolo Mascilli Migliorini, Architetto
Nicola Spinosa, Storico dell'Arte
Peppe Barra, Artista
Renato Ruotolo, Dir.libreria/archivio Accademia dell'Arte
Attrice/actress Sara Missaglia
Ricostruzioni grafiche 3D/ 3D graphic reconstructions Luciano De Fraia
Una produzione/Production Pixel 06 anno 2008
Copyright Pixel06 All rights reserved
- Questo film non usufruisce di finanziamenti pubblici, della politica, dei partiti. -
European Southern Observatory | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:17 1 History
00:07:16 1.1 Member states
00:07:26 2 Chilean observation sites
00:10:00 2.1 La Silla
00:12:07 2.1.1 ESO 3.6-metre telescope
00:12:59 2.1.2 New Technology Telescope
00:14:10 2.1.3 MPG/ESO 2.2-metre telescope
00:15:35 2.1.4 Other telescopes
00:18:46 2.2 Paranal
00:20:15 2.2.1 Very Large Telescope
00:23:44 2.2.2 Survey telescopes
00:27:01 2.3 Llano de Chajnantor
00:29:50 2.3.1 Atacama Pathfinder Experiment
00:30:55 2.3.2 Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array
00:33:00 3 ESO telescopes: research and discoveries
00:33:13 3.1 Search for extrasolar planets
00:37:36 3.2 Age of the universe
00:39:06 3.3 Milky Way black hole
00:40:55 3.4 Gamma-ray bursts
00:43:24 3.5 Digital archives
00:45:46 3.6 Major discoveries
00:49:35 4 Outreach
00:51:24 4.1 Publications
00:54:24 5 Video gallery
00:54:34 6 Image gallery
00:54:49 7 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.7675065803824895
Voice name: en-GB-Wavenet-C
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The European Southern Observatory (ESO), formally the European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere, is a 16-nation intergovernmental research organization for ground-based astronomy. Created in 1962, ESO has provided astronomers with state-of-the-art research facilities and access to the southern sky. The organisation employs about 730 staff members and receives annual member state contributions of approximately €162 million. Its observatories are located in northern Chile.
ESO has built and operated some of the largest and most technologically advanced telescopes. These include the 3.6 m New Technology Telescope, an early pioneer in the use of active optics, and the Very Large Telescope (VLT), which consists of four individual 8.2 m telescopes and four smaller auxiliary telescopes which can all work together or separately. The Atacama Large Millimeter Array observes the universe in the millimetre and submillimetre wavelength ranges, and is the world's largest ground-based astronomy project to date. It was completed in March 2013 in an international collaboration by Europe (represented by ESO), North America, East Asia and Chile.Currently under construction is the Extremely Large Telescope. It will use a 39.3-metre-diameter segmented mirror, and become the world's largest optical reflecting telescope when operational in 2024. Its light-gathering power will allow detailed studies of planets around other stars, the first objects in the universe, supermassive black holes, and the nature and distribution of the dark matter and dark energy which dominate the universe.
ESO's observing facilities have made astronomical discoveries and produced several astronomical catalogues. Its findings include the discovery of the most distant gamma-ray burst and evidence for a black hole at the centre of the Milky Way. In 2004, the VLT allowed astronomers to obtain the first picture of an extrasolar planet (2M1207b) orbiting a brown dwarf 173 light-years away. The High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS) instrument installed on the older ESO 3.6 m telescope led to the discovery of extrasolar planets, including Gliese 581c—one of the smallest planets seen outside the solar system.