Lad Khan Temple

Aihole Lad Khan temple Complex

Aihole is 22 miles (35 km) from Badami and about 6 miles (9.7 km) from Pattadakal, both of which are major centers of historically important Chalukya monuments. Aihole, along with nearby Badami (Vatapi), emerged by the 6th century as the cradle of experimentation with temple architecture, stone artwork, and construction techniques. This resulted in 16 types of free-standing temples and 4 types of rock-cut shrines. The experimentation in architecture and arts that began in Aihole yielded the group of monuments at Pattadakal, a UNESCO world heritage site.
Over one hundred Aihole temples are Hindu, a few are Jain and one is Buddhist. These were built and coexisted in close proximity. The site is spread over about 5 square kilometres (3.5 sq KM).The Hindu temples are dedicated to Shiva, Vishnu, Durga, Surya and other Hindu deities. The Jain Basadi temples are dedicated to Mahavira, Parshvanatha, Neminatha and other Jain Tirthankaras. The Buddhist monument is a monastery. Both Hindu and Jain monuments include monasteries, as well as social utilities such as step well water tanks with artistic carvings near major temples.[

India - Aihole : temples

India : Aihole : Durga temple, Ladkhan temple, New Moon festival, streetviews

Early Chalukya Structural Temples I

Subject:Indian Culture
Paper: Art & Architecture of India-I

Aihole historical pleace badami. Bagalakot district. karnataka (india)

Aihole(aryapur of the inscriptions) occupies a unique place in the history of temple architecture in india. it was the experimenting ground for the earlychalukyan kings (450-750 A.D) to build structural temples from the midfifth Century onwards. within the ancient fortifications alonethere are fifty temples and fifty more can be seen outside. most of them are vaishanavite temples later converted into saivite ones. among them the following groups are important,

A) huchimalli temple, B)chilli temple, C) ambiger temple, D) Durga temple, E) gaudar, ladkhan. and suryanarayana temple complex, F) chakragudi and Badiger temple, G) Rachi temple, H) eniyar temples complex, I) hucchhappayya math complex, J) Kunti temple complex, k) charanti math complex, L) tryambakesvara group, M) gauri temple, N) jaina temple in the villege, O) mallikarjuna temples complex, P) Jaina temple on the hill, Q) meguti temple, R) jyotirlinga group, S) rock - cut caves.(Ravan phadi) T) hucchhappayya temple, U) galaganatha temples complex, V) rambling groups,

The early temples namely the gaudar, ladkhan.kunti.and hucchhappayya math are of the pavilion type with a slightly sloping roof. the first phase of early chalukyan architecture ended with the construction of the meguti temple which is incidentally the earliest dated (634 A.D) structural temple in india. here the inscription mentions the poet kalidasa.


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Ladkhan Temple - Aihole, KARNATAKA

This is a Shiva Temple. It has a pillared mukha mandapa leading to a maha mandapa organized into concentric squares by an arrangement of pillars.

The temple was built in late 7th or early 8th century.The oldest temple here is, perhaps, the Lad Khan temple located south of the Durga Temple. It consists of a shrine with two mantapas in front of it.

The temple was built in a Panchayat style, indicating a very early experiment in temple construction. The windows were filled up with lattice work in the northern style and the sanctum was added later on. In front of the sanctum there are a set of 12 carved pillars. Above the center of the hall, facing the sanctum, is a second smaller sanctum with images carved on the outer walls.

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Badami shivalaya

Badami is located Bagalkot district of Karnataka, India. It was the regal capital of the Badami Chalukyas known as 'vatapi' then, from 540 to 757 AD. It is famous for rock cut architecture and other structural temples. It is located in a ravine at the foot of a rugged, red sandstone outcrop that surrounds Agastya lake. Badami is surrounded in the north and south by forts built in later times, from the ramparts that crown their summits.
The north fort which is on the opposite side of the town is penetrated by deep canyon-like crevices, through which climbs a straight path. The first features to be seen along this path are two freestanding, multi-storeyed mandapas, seemingly unconnected with any temples. They are possibly vestiges of an early ceremonial complexes. Lower Shivalaya stands on a nearby rocky terrace, surveying the houses beneath. At the summit of north fort, upper Shivalaya is sited majestically overlooking the town beneath. Both these were probably erected in the early 7th century, but appear to have partly dismantled mostly by conquering pallava forces; and maybe they have been pillaged for building blocks to strengthen north fort by later occupiers. The ruinous condition these monument contrast with comparatively complete Malegitti Shivalaya, which crowns on as isolated boulder beneath the western flank of the North fort, this temple also be dated to the first half of the 7th century and is of historical interest for its well- preserved cravings.

Lower Shivalaya:
Only the towered sanctuary of the temple does exist today; its outer walls have been dismantled. The sanctuary was originally surrounded by a passageway on three sides, possibly with a mandapa extension to the east which can be predicted by observing the broken roof slabs set into its walls and the stumps of beans with friezes of ganas. The temple’s doorway is framed by bands of lotus ornament. An unusual, elliptical shaped pedestal is seen within which happens to be empty now. The outer walls have flat pilasters but there are no signs of projections or sculptures niche. The roof is an octagon to dome topped by a tiny amalaka finial. It is framed by corner model elements topped by kuta roofs containing miniature nidhis.

Upper Shivalaya:
The outer walls of the temple create a rectangle containing a sanctuary with a passageway on three sides, opens into a columned mandapa on the east, missing all its internal columns. The walls are built on a basement with a central recessed course containing foliate ornament and narrative scenes. On the south face, Ramayana episodes are pictured, like, waking of Kumbhakarna, Rama fighting with forest enemies. Panels on the west face depict the birth and childhood of lord Krishna, including Krishna sucking Putana’s breasts. Though there are no narratives seen on the north. The walls above have narrow projections by pilasters carried up into the parapet, four on the south and three on the west. The central pilastered projections have panels depicting Krishna lifting Mount Govardhana (south), Narasimha disemboweling his victim (north), etc. These support miniature eaves and kudus, the latter intruding in the kapota eaves. The square tower over the sanctuary has pilastered walls. It is crowned by a large kuta, without finial, the earliest and best preserved example of this type of Dravida styled roof in Early Chalukya architecture.

Best Attractions and Places to See in Badami , India

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List of Best Things to do in Badami , India

Group of Monuments in Pattadakal
Badami Cave Temples
Bhuthanatha Temple
Agastya Lake
Virupaksha Temple
Banashankari Temple
Sangameshwara Temple
Malegitti Shivalaya Fort and Temple
Lad Khan Temple
Badami Fort

Durga Temple - Aihole, KARNATAKA...(Pt.-2)

14 kilometers away from Badami, Aihole is another historical place of Karnataka that has beautiful ancients temples situated on the banks of Malaprabha river , Sri Durga Temple is one of the famous temples of Aihole . . It is noted for its semicircular apsis, detailed sculptured art on the elevated plinth and the sculptured corridor that circumscribe the inner sanctum.
The interior is done with the most intricate designs in Dravidian art, which takes ones breath away. Sri Durga Temple Aihole houses the Chamundi Devi trampling the Narasimha and a ferocious image of the Devi Durga killing the demon Mahisarur.

Ladkhan Temple, Aihole

Aihole (ಐಹೊಳೆ) is a temple complex in the Bagalkot district of Karnataka, India. It is a very popular tourist spot in north Karnataka. Aihole is to the east of Pattadakal, along the Malaprabha River, while Badami is to the west of both.
Aihole has the potential to be included as a UNESCO World heritage site.

Südindien - Badami, Aihole, Pattadakal, Hampi, Hyderabad

Rayappa Kasi Vishnu Cave 3, Interior Documentary, Badami, India

Badami Cave Temples

The Badami cave temples are a complex of four Hindu, a Jain and possibly Buddhist cave temples located in Badami, a town in the Bagalkot district in northern part of Karnataka, India. The caves are considered an example of Indian rock-cut architecture, especially Badami Chalukya architecture, which dates from the 6th century. Badami was previously known as Vataapi Badami, the capital of the early Chalukya dynasty, which ruled much of Karnataka from the 6th to the 8th century. Badami is situated on the west bank of a man made lake ringed by an earthen wall with stone steps; it is surrounded on the north and south by forts built in later times.

The Badami cave temples represent some of the earliest known examples of Hindu temples in the Deccan region. They along with the temples in Aihole transformed the Malaprabha River valley into a cradle of temple architecture that influenced the components of later Hindu temples elsewhere in India.

Caves 1 to 4 are in the escarpment of the hill in soft Badami sandstone formation, to the south-east of the town. In Cave 1, among various sculptures of Hindu divinities and themes, a prominent carving is of the Tandava-dancing Shiva as Nataraja. Cave 2 is mostly similar to Cave 1 in terms of its layout and dimensions, featuring Hindu subjects of which the relief of Vishnu as Trivikrama is the largest. The largest cave is Cave 3, featuring Vishnu-related mythology, and it is also the most intricately carved cave in the complex. Cave 4 is dedicated to revered figures of Jainism. Around the lake, Badami has additional caves of which one may be a Buddhist cave. Another cave was discovered in 2015, about 500 metres (1,600 ft) from the four main caves, with 27 Hindu carvings.

The Badami cave temples are located in the town of Badami in the north-central part of Karnataka, India. The temples are about 88 miles (142 km) east of Belgavi (IATA Code: IXT), and 87 miles (140 km) northwest of Hampi. The Malaprabha River is 3 miles (4.8 km) away. The cave temples are 14 miles (23 km) from the UNESCO world heritage site Pattadakal and 22 miles (35 km) from Aihole – another site with over a hundred ancient and early medieval era Hindu, Jain and Buddhist monuments.

Badami, also referred to as Vatapi, Vatapipura, Vatapinagari and Agastya Tirtha in historical texts, the capital of Chalukya dynasty in the 6th century, is at the exit point of a ravine between two steep mountain cliffs. Four cave temples in the escarpment of the hill to the south-east of the town were carved into the cliff's monolithic stone face. The escarpment is above a man made lake called Agastya Lake, created by an earthen dam faced with stone steps. To the west end of this cliff, at its lowest point, is the first cave temple.The largest and highest cave is Cave 3, which is further to the east on the northern face of the hill.The fourth cave, Cave 4, is a few steps down further east.

Badami -Rock Cut Cave Temples -Karnataka, India | Heritage Videos | Sagar Potdar

The Badami cave temples are a complex of four Hindu, a Jain and possibly Buddhist cave temples located in Badami, a town in the Bagalkot district in northern part of Karnataka, India. The caves are considered an example of Indian rock-cut architecture, especially Badami Chalukya architecture, which dates from the 6th century. Badami was previously known as Vataapi Badami, the capital of the early Chalukya dynasty, which ruled much of Karnataka from the 6th to the 8th century. Badami is situated on the west bank of a man made lake ringed by an earthen wall with stone steps; it is surrounded on the north and south by forts built in later times.

The Badami cave temples represent some of the earliest known examples of Hindu temples in the Deccan region. They along with the temples in Aihole transformed the Malaprabha River valley into a cradle of temple architecture that influenced the components of later Hindu temples elsewhere in India.



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Which are the Oldest temples in India??

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Before watching this video please go and watch video “The Challenge”

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In this video we will be counting down which are the oldest temple in india:
5. Badami cave temple – 6th century
4. Lad Khan Temple – 6th century
3. Meenakshi temple – 6th century
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Aihole Temple

Aihole is a major archaeological site featuring over one hundred and twenty stone and cave temples spread along the Malaprabha river valley, in Bagalakote district. The documented history of Aihole is traceable to the rise of the Early Chalukya dynasty in 6th century.
Aihole has been a part of Hindu mythologies. It has a natural axe-shaped rock on the Malaprabha river bank north of the village, and a rock in the river show a footprint.Parashurama the sixth Vishnu avatar, is stated in these legends to have washed his axe here after avenging the death of his father .The blood and gore on the axe turned the river red. A woman saw this and screamed ‘Ayyo Hole’ or ‘Oh No Blood!’ in Kannada, hence the name Aihole. The Durga temple is the best known and studied of the Aihole temples
A 19th-century local tradition believed that rock footprints in the river were those of Parashurama. Aihole has historical significance and has been called a cradle of Hindu rock architecture.

Aihole

cradle of Indian temple architecture

India/Aihole Village (Bagalkot district of Karnataka) Part 62

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Aihoḷe
Aihoḷe is a village having a historic temple complex in the Bagalkot district of Karnataka, India and located 510 km from Bangalore. It is known for Chalukyan architecture, with about 125 stone temples dating from 5th century CE, and is a popular tourist spot in north Karnataka. It lies to the east of Pattadakal, along the Malaprabha River, while Badami is to the west of both. With its collection of architectural structures, Aihoḷe temple complex is on the pending list of UNESCO World heritage sites.
Aihoḷe was earlier known as Ayyavoḷe and Aryapura in its inscriptions. It was established in 450 CE as first capital of Chalukya kings and has about 125 stone temples, some which were constructed as experimental structures by artisans of Chalukyan period. A place known by as Morera Angadigalu near the Meguti hillocks has a large number of cysts of pre-historic period. The place was an agraharam. Aihoḷe has been described as a cradle of temple architecture. Some brick structures of pre-Chalukyan times have also been excavated in this village.
Poetry on stone at the Meguti temple (Aihole inscription) dated 634 CE, in Sanskrit language and old Kannada script
An important 8th century inscription in Old Kannada language and script at the Lad Khan temple records a grant to Brahmins
According to mythology Aihole is where Parashurama washed his axe after killing the Kshatriyas. Aihole has historical significance and is called the 'cradle of Hindu rock architecture' (cradle of Indian architecture).
Pulakeshin I, one of the greatest rulers of this dynasty, moved the capital to Badami nearby. Badami was then known as Vatapi. It is from these temples that the Chalukyas gained their experience and went on to build the great temples of Pattadakal.The first phase of temple building in Aihole dates back to the fifth–sixth century, the second phase up to the 12th century CE.
The Temples
Durga temple, Aihole
Durga temple, Aihole
Durga temple, Aihole
Lad Khan Temple, Aihole
Ravana Phadi cave, Aihole
Konti Gudi (lit Konti temple), Aihole
Inside the Ravana Phadi cave temple, Aihole
Mallikarjuna temple complex, Aihole
Two-story Buddhist Chaitya (lit Buddhist hall)
Hucchimalli Gudi (lit Mad Malli's temple), Aihole
Galaganatha group of monuments
Basavanna temple at Aihole
The prominent temple groups at Aihole are the Kontigudi group and the Galaganatha group of temples, although historians have divided all the temples into 22 groups.
Three temples are referred to as the 'Kontigudi group of temples'. One of these is the Lad Khan temple (the oldest at Aihole is the Lad khan temple dating back to the fifth century[11]), named after a mendicant that lived in this temple in the 19th century, another the Huchiappayyagudi temple and the Huchiappayya math.Wikipedia

Rock cut Badami Cave Temple | Karnataka | India

These caves are an important landmark in the history of temple architecture. In 5th & 6th centuries man could carve out temples from mountains and decorate them with mind blowing sculptures.
The caves with rock cut temples are an amazing sight even for those who are not particularly historically or methodologically inclined. The lake nearby lends it an interesting ambiance.

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Ancient Indian Architecture - Part IV Tempe Architecture

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Temple Architecture
Temple architecture of high standard developed in almost all regions during ancient India.
The distinct architectural style of temple construction in different parts was a result of geographical, climatic, ethnic, racial, historical and linguistic diversities.
In the initial stages of its evolution, the temples of North and South India were distinguished on the basis of some specific features like Shikhara and Gopurams which are gateways.
In the north Indian temples, the Shikhara remained the most prominent component while the gateway was generally unassuming.
The most prominent features of South Indian temples were enclosures around the temples and the Gopurams (huge gateways).
Design
The very essence of a Hindu temple is believed to have developed from the ideology that all things are one and everything is associated.
The four essential and significant principles which are also aims of human life according to Indian philosophy are the quests for artha - wealth and prosperity; Kama - pleasure; dharma - moral life and virtues; and moksha - self-knowledge and realization.
The mathematically structured spaces, intricate artworks, decorated and carved pillars and statues of Hindu deities illustrates and values such philosophies.
Layout
The basic elements that comprise a Hindu Temple are given below:

Garbhagriha: which Literally means womb-house. is a cave-like sanctum which houses the main icon of the temple. In earlier times, it was a small cubicle with one entrance. In later periods, it grew into a larger chamber.
Mandapa: is The entrance to the temple. It could be a portico or a colonnaded hall where worshippers stand.
Shikhara/Vimana: it is from the 5th century CE. It is a mountain-like structure on top. In north Indian Nagara style, it is called Shikhara and is curved in shape whereas In the south indian Dravida style, it is like a pyramidal tower which is called Vimana.
Amalaka: Stone-like disc seen at the top of the temple. Mostly in north Indian temples.
Kalasha: It is the topmost part of the temple. Mainly seen in north Indian styles.
Antarala: It is a vestibule between the Garbhagriha and the Mandapa.
Jagati: This is common in north Indian temples and is a raised platform where devotees can sit and pray.
Vahana: It is the vehicle of the main deity which along with the standard pillar or Dhvaj are placed axially

Different Styles
Nagara
The Nagara style that is observed in different parts of India with varied elaborations in different localities has two particular features.
a facet or vertical offset projection on the plan of the sanctum and shikhara above, or other structure. It is generally carried up from the bottom of the temple to the superstructure.
The Kandariya Mahadeva Temple in Khajuraho in Madhya Pradesh is a fine example of this style.
Dravidian
Dravidian temple architecture evolved in South India, predominantly comprises of temples built of sandstone, soapstone or granite and is characterized by its pyramidal tower.
Unlike the nagara temple, the dravida temple is enclosed within a compound wall.
The vimana is like a stepped pyramid that rise up geometrically rather than the curving shikhara of north India.
The Mandapas/Mandapams or porches are built in such a way that these precede and cover the door that leads to the cell.
The Gopurams/Gopuras or elaborate gateway-towers or gate-pyramids encloses the temples.
Badami-chalukya
The foundation of cave temple architecture on the banks of Malaprabha River originated in Karnataka during 500 and 757 CE.
In Aihole, known as the Cradle of Indian architecture, there are over 150 temples scattered around the village.
The Lad Khan Temple is the oldest. The Durga Temple is notable for its semi-circular apse, elevated plinth and the gallery that encircles the sanctum sanctorum.

Kalyani Chalukya
The Western Chalukya architecture or Kalyani Chalukya style of architecture is a specific style of decorative architecture that originated from the old dravida style and defines the Karnata dravida tradition.
Evolved during 11th century it prospered for around 150 years till 1200 CE during the reign of Western Chalukya Empire in the Tungabhadra region of Karnataka and saw construction of around 50 temples.
Kalinga :
The three styles are Pidha Deula, Rekha Deula and Khakhara Deula with the first two linked with Shiva, Surya and Vishnu and the latter is predominantly associated with Goddesses Durga and Chamunda.
Again the first (Pidha Deula) type comprises of outer halls for offerings and dancing while the latter two (Rekha and Khakhara Deula) comprise of the sanctum sanctorum.