Helena Blavatsky | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:45 1 Early life
00:04:26 1.1 Childhood: 1831–1849
00:04:38 1.1.1 Birth and family background
00:07:19 1.1.2 St. Petersburg, Poltava, and Saratov
00:11:35 1.2 World travels: 1849–1869
00:17:55 1.2.1 Tibet
00:21:20 2 Later life
00:21:29 2.1 Embracing Spiritualism and establishing Theosophy: 1870–78
00:21:44 2.1.1 Arriving in New York City
00:25:13 2.1.2 Meeting Henry Steel Olcott and the foundation of the Theosophical Society
00:29:22 2.1.3 iIsis Unveiled/i
00:31:56 2.2 India: 1879–1885
00:41:01 2.3 Final years in Europe: 1885–1891
00:48:48 3 Personal life
00:52:39 3.1 Socio-political beliefs
00:54:33 4 Theories and doctrines
00:55:05 4.1 Theosophy, the Masters, and the Ancient Wisdom
00:59:25 4.2 Theology, cosmogony, and the place of humanity
01:05:26 5 Reception
01:11:40 6 Influence
01:11:50 6.1 Theosophical movement
01:13:57 6.2 Western esotericism
01:16:39 6.3 Linguistics
01:17:36 6.4 South Asian religion and politics
01:20:51 7 See also
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I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
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Helena Petrovna Blavatsky (Russian: Еле́на Петро́вна Блава́тская, Yelena Petrovna Blavatskaya; 12 August [O.S. 31 July] 1831 – 8 May 1891) was a Russian occultist, philosopher, and author who co-founded the Theosophical Society in 1875. She gained an international following as the leading theoretician of Theosophy, the esoteric religion that the society promoted.
Born into an aristocratic Russian-German family in Yekaterinoslav, then in the Russian Empire (now Ukraine), Blavatsky traveled widely around the empire as a child. Largely self-educated, she developed an interest in Western esotericism during her teenage years. According to her later claims, in 1849 she embarked on a series of world travels, visiting Europe, the Americas, and India. She also claimed that during this period she encountered a group of spiritual adepts, the Masters of the Ancient Wisdom, who sent her to Shigatse, Tibet, where they trained her to develop a deeper understanding of the synthesis of religion, philosophy and science. Both contemporary critics and later biographers have argued that some or all of these foreign visits were fictitious, and that she spent this period in Europe. By the early 1870s, Blavatsky was involved in the Spiritualist movement; although defending the genuine existence of Spiritualist phenomena, she argued against the mainstream Spiritualist idea that the entities contacted were the spirits of the dead. Relocating to the United States in 1873, she befriended Henry Steel Olcott and rose to public attention as a spirit medium, attention that included public accusations of fraudulence.
In New York City, Blavatsky co-founded the Theosophical Society with Olcott and William Quan Judge in 1875. In 1877 she published Isis Unveiled, a book outlining her Theosophical world-view. Associating it closely with the esoteric doctrines of Hermeticism and Neoplatonism, Blavatsky described Theosophy as the synthesis of science, religion and philosophy, proclaiming that it was reviving an Ancient Wisdom which underlay all the world's religions. In 1880 she and Olcott moved to India, where the Society was allied to the Arya Samaj, a Hindu reform movement. That same year, while in Ceylon she and Olcott became the first people from the United States to formally convert to Buddhism. Although opposed by the British administration, Theosophy spread rapidly in India but experienced internal problems after Blavatsky was accused of producing fraudulent paranormal phenomena. Amid ailing health, in 1885 she returned to Europe, there establishing the Blavatsky Lodge in London. Here she published The Secret Doctrine, a commentary on what she claimed were ancient Tibetan manuscripts, as well as two further books, T ...