По родному краю. Часть 2. Фильм Чапалова.И.Г
По материалам экспедиции по реке Енисей и его притокам Подкаменной Тунгуске, Нижней Тунгуске, озерам Плато Путорана, в ходе которой в 2016 году на самодельном моторном катамаране красноярским путешественником И.Г.Чапаловым , было пройдено в течении 90 дней 4178 км. В экспедиции также принимали участие, на различных этапах туристы из разных городов России.
According to the materials of the expedition on the Yenisei River and its tributaries: Podkamennaya Tunguska (Stony Tunguska) River, Niznyaya Tunguska River, and on lakes of Plateau Putorana. During the expedition Igor Chapalov, traveler from Krasnoyarsk city, has passed 4178 km by the homemade motor catamaran in 2016. The expedition was also attended by tourists from different cities of Russia. The expedition has fixed up a memorial stone to victims of political repression on the construction site of Dead Road of 503 Railroad on Makovskaya River (Yanov Stan). The expedition has visited Sulomai village, homeland of Kets. The expedition has visited Farkovo village, homeland of Selkups. The expedition also has visited lakes of the West of Yenisei : Lama Lake, Glubokoe (Deep) Lake, etc. The expedition to the Taimyr Peninsula in 2016 was dedicated to the 280th anniversary of the geographical discoveries made by members of the Lena-Yenisei squad of the Great Northern Expedition, who have discovered the East Coast of Taimyr Peninsula from the mouth of the Khatanga River to the Gulf of Thaddeus, and Byrranga mountains, and several island on the East Coast of Taimyr Peninsula under the command of Lieutenant Basil Pronchishchev in 1736.
По родному краю. Часть 1. Фильм Чапалова.И.Г
По материалам экспедиции по реке Енисей и его притокам Подкаменной Тунгуске, Нижней Тунгуске, озерам Плато Путорана, в ходе которой в 2016 году на самодельном моторном катамаране красноярским путешественником И.Г.Чапаловым , было пройдено в течении 90 дней 4178 км.
According to the materials of the expedition on the Yenisei River and its tributaries: Podkamennaya Tunguska (Stony Tunguska) River, Niznyaya Tunguska River, and on lakes of Plateau Putorana. During the expedition Igor Chapalov, traveler from Krasnoyarsk city, has passed 4178 km by the homemade motor catamaran in 2016. The expedition was also attended by tourists from different cities of Russia. The expedition has fixed up a memorial stone to victims of political repression on the construction site of Dead Road of 503 Railroad on Makovskaya River (Yanov Stan). The expedition has visited Sulomai village, homeland of Kets. The expedition has visited Farkovo village, homeland of Selkups. The expedition also has visited lakes of the West of Yenisei : Lama Lake, Glubokoe (Deep) Lake, etc. The expedition to the Taimyr Peninsula in 2016 was dedicated to the 280th anniversary of the geographical discoveries made by members of the Lena-Yenisei squad of the Great Northern Expedition, who have discovered the East Coast of Taimyr Peninsula from the mouth of the Khatanga River to the Gulf of Thaddeus, and Byrranga mountains, and several island on the East Coast of Taimyr Peninsula under the command of Lieutenant Basil Pronchishchev in 1736.
Victims of Political Persecution Speak Out
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Every year on Oct. 30, the former Soviet Union
commemorates the victims of political persecution under Communist rule.
These activities are held in dozens of cities all across Russia.
When remembering Lenin's Red Terror,
many people think of contemporary China.
Some human rights activists have urged authorities
to designate a day for commemorating the political persecution going on in China.
The mayor of Moscow, various officials, survivors of political
persecution, and the families of those who died, all gathered outside
the office of Russia's FSB intelligence service building to
present flowers to the victims.
In Amur, Siberia, Krasnoyarsk, and other cities
bordering China, activities were held to unveil monuments built in memory of these victims.
Social Development Human Rights Commission official,
Fedotov, said, For Russia,
which has gone through the Red Terror and totalitarian rule,
these annual memorial activities must be held.
While on the surface, Russia escaped from totalitarian rule
20 years ago, but its totalitarian ideology and mentality still exists.
Russian human rights organizations pointed out,
that while Putin was in office, hundreds were persecuted
for political reasons, while several thousand were accused
of crimes and investigated.
Participants said that commemorating the victims
is to remind people that the tragedy of political persecution under Communist rule cannot be repeated.
Chinese scholar and former professor at the
Beijing Normal University, Li Yuanhua, said that
when Russian people commemorate their escape
from Communist rule, all those who love freedom and peace, should feel happy for them.
Li Yuanhua, Why do they stress this day so much?
Mainly because they were freed from Communist rule;
they know how painful it is to live in a Communist country,
and they long for a peaceful society.
In totalitarian countries today, especially
the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in mainland China, people in China also want to escape.
Many view former Soviet authoritarian rule
to be considered as an historical aberration or a degenerate time in human history.
However, China, North Korea, Cuba and
other Communist countries, still try to imitate it.
Especially in China, there is a wide range of political prisoners,
including human rights activists, human rights lawyers,
ethnic groups, Falun Gong practitioners,
environmental activists, petitioners, and netizens.
They can all be arrested for their words and sent to labor camps.
Chairman of the Alliance Against Political Persecution
in China, Liu Yinquan, said, This totalitarian system
called the Communist Party has infiltrated into each family,
into the lowest levels—such a terrible system! How can such a system exist?
Even the founder of Russia's totalitarian regime
has changed, so how long can China last?
Some human rights activists are urging authorities
to designate a day for commemorating the political persecution going on in China
On October 30, Buddhist human rights activist,
Master Miaojue, proposed on his micro-blog,
to use June 4 as a day of remembrance for political victims
in China, as it falls on the same day as the Tiananmen massacre.
Li Yuanhua, Disintegration of authoritarian rule relies on
people awakening.
The changes that the Soviet Union and eastern Europe
have undergone, was really started by the people.
Hoping that the ruling party will improve itself, is impossible.
I think people in mainland China must realize this.
They should quit every CCP organization they've ever joined
to escape the control of the CCP.
That is the best hope for Chinese people.
Li Yuanhua believes that for the Chinese people,
quitting the CCP is truly escaping the CCP.
Since 2004, Chinese people from all around the world
started the movement to quit the CCP.
More than 100 million people have quit CCP organizations,
making it the biggest spiritual awakening movement in history.
NTD reporters Liu Hui, Xu Min and Bo Ni
《神韵》2011世界巡演新亮点
Dmitry Medvedev | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Dmitry Medvedev
00:00:59 1 Background
00:01:08 1.1 Early life
00:03:13 1.2 Student years and academic career
00:05:40 2 Early career
00:05:49 2.1 Career in St Petersburg
00:07:01 2.2 Career in the central government
00:09:44 2.3 Presidential candidate
00:12:05 3 2008 presidential elections
00:12:16 3.1 Election campaign
00:15:52 3.2 Election victory
00:18:03 4 Presidency (2008–12)
00:18:14 4.1 Inauguration
00:19:03 4.2 Personnel appointments
00:20:54 4.3 Tandem rule
00:22:17 4.4 Main external events
00:22:26 4.4.1 2008 South Ossetia war
00:25:50 4.4.2 2008–09 economic crisis
00:27:25 4.5 Domestic policy
00:27:33 4.5.1 Economy
00:29:46 4.5.2 Police reform
00:31:25 4.5.3 Anti-corruption campaign
00:34:16 4.5.4 Education
00:34:35 4.5.5 Development of the political system
00:39:09 4.5.5.1 Election reform
00:40:40 4.6 Foreign policy
00:43:08 4.7 Relationship with Putin
00:44:10 4.8 2012 presidential elections
00:47:28 5 Prime Minister (2012–present)
00:47:38 5.1 First Term
00:48:28 5.1.1 First year
00:49:36 5.1.2 Crimea
00:50:04 5.2 Second Term
00:50:43 6 Personal life
00:53:48 7 Anti-Corruption
00:56:03 8 Publications
00:58:05 9 Electoral history
00:58:14 9.1 Presidential election
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Dmitry Anatolyevich Medvedev (; Russian: Дми́трий Анато́льевич Медве́дев, IPA: [ˈdʲmʲitrʲɪj ɐnɐˈtolʲjɪvʲɪtɕ mʲɪdˈvʲedʲɪf]; born 14 September 1965) is a Russian politician who has served as the Prime Minister of Russia since 2012. From 2008 to 2012, Medvedev served as the third President of Russia.
Regarded as more liberal than his predecessor and later successor as president, Vladimir Putin (who was also prime minister during Medvedev's presidency), Medvedev's top agenda as president was a wide-ranging modernisation programme, aiming at modernising Russia's economy and society, and lessening the country's reliance on oil and gas. During Medvedev's tenure, Russia emerged victorious in the Russo-Georgian War, and recovered from the Great Recession. Medvedev initiated a substantial law enforcement reform and launched an anti-corruption campaign, despite having been accused of corruption himself.
Joseph Stalin | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Joseph Stalin
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Joseph Stalin (born Ioseb Besarionis dze Jughashvili; 18 December 1878 – 5 March 1953) was a Soviet revolutionary and politician of Georgian ethnicity. He ruled the Soviet Union from the mid-1920s until his death in 1953, holding the titles of General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1952 and the nation's Premier from 1941 to 1953. Initially presiding over an oligarchic one-party system that governed by plurality, he became the de facto dictator of the Soviet Union by the 1930s. Ideologically committed to the Leninist interpretation of Marxism, Stalin helped to formalise these ideas as Marxism–Leninism, while his own policies became known as Stalinism.
Born to a poor family in Gori, Russian Empire (now Georgia), Stalin began his revolutionary career by joining the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party as a youth. He edited the party's newspaper, Pravda, and raised funds for Vladimir Lenin's Bolshevik faction via robberies, kidnappings, and protection rackets. Repeatedly arrested, he underwent several internal exiles. After the Bolsheviks seized power in Russia during the 1917 October Revolution, Stalin joined the party's governing Politburo, where he was instrumental in overseeing the Soviet Union's establishment in 1922. As Lenin fell ill and then died in 1924, Stalin assumed leadership over the country. During Stalin's rule, Socialism in One Country became a central tenet of the party's dogma, and Lenin's New Economic Policy was replaced with a centralized command economy. Under the Five-Year Plan system, the country underwent collectivisation and rapid industrialization but experienced significant disruptions in food production that contributed to the famine of 1932–33. To eradicate those regarded as enemies of the working class, Stalin instituted the Great Purge, in which over a million were imprisoned and at least 700,000 executed between 1934 and 1939.
Stalin's government promoted Marxism–Leninism abroad through the Communist International and supported anti-fascist movements throughout Europe during the 1930s, particularly in the Spanish Civil War. In 1939, it signed a non-aggression pact with Nazi Germany, resulting in their joint invasion of Poland. Germany ended the pact by invading the Soviet Union in 1941. Despite initial setbacks, the Soviet Red Army repelled the German incursion and captured Berlin in 1945, ending World War II in Europe. The Soviets annexed the Baltic states and helped establish Soviet-aligned governments throughout Central and Eastern Europe, China and North Korea. The Soviet Union and the United States emerged from the war as the two world superpowers. Tensions arose between the Soviet-backed Eastern Bloc and U.S.-backed Western Bloc which became known as the Cold War. Stalin led his country through its post-war reconstruction, during which it developed a nuclear weapon in 1949. In these years, the country experienced another major famine and an anti-semitic campaign peaking in the Doctors' plot. Stalin died in 1953 and was eventually succeeded by Nikita Khrushchev, who denounced his predecessor and initiated a de-Stalinisation process throughout Soviet society.
Widely considered one of the 20th century's most significant figures, Stalin was the subject of a pervasive personality cult within the international Marxist–Leninist movement, for whom Stalin was a champion of socialism and the working class. Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, Stalin has retained popularity in Russia and Georgia as a victorious wartime leader who established the Soviet Union as a major world power. Conversely, his totalitarian government has been widely condemned for overseeing mass repressions, ethnic cleansing, hundreds of thousands of executions, and famines which caused the deaths of millions.