International Research About History of Flat Earth by Eric Dubay - Flat Earth Discussion
Eric Dubay presents the complete history of Flat Earth from the beginning of recorded history to today. From the beginning of recorded history, and for thousands upon thousands of years, cultures across the entire world all believed the Earth was flat. Their various cosmologies and cosmogonies differed in slight ways but their overall geographies and astronomies were incredibly consistent and in fact virtually identical. The Earth was a stationary plane void of any motion or curvature, flat across its entire expanse except of course for hills, mountains and valleys. The North Pole was the magnetic mono-pole center-point of the flat Earth with Polaris, the North Pole star situated directly above. Polaris was the only motionless star in the heavens with all the other constellations revolving perfect circles over the Earth every night.
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Our Petrified Giant Past
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4 simple ideas for making horizontal and vertical axis for wind generators
How to Make Rose Oil at Home Very Easy - Healthy Recipe With Olive Oil Rose Petals
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How to Draw Michael Jackson
Watch more How to Draw for Beginners videos:
If you can't duplicate Michael Jackson's moves on the dance floor, try dancing your pencil across paper to capture the pop star's indomitable spirit.
Step 1: Draw stick figure
Draw a stick figure side view of Jackson's dynamic movement, angling hips and shoulders in opposite directions, and adding arms. Position his head forward and bend the knees.
Step 2: Add fedora and ears
Add Jackson's signature fedora, centering it across the head, and angling the brim over the eyes and nose bridge. Center the ear on the head, just below the hat.
Tip
Add accurate details of Jackson's hat, including a wide hatband and a lengthwise crease across the crown.
Step 3: Sketch facial profile
Sketch a facial profile beginning with the nose bulb, then adding full lips, a square jaw, and a neck. Study a Jackson photo to capture the correct proportions.
Step 4: Add hands and clothes
Add hands, placing the left hand at the crotch, creating folds in the pants that fall from this hand.
Step 5: Sketch clothes
Sketch in loose fitting clothes, adding folds to the shirt, jacket, and pants, reflecting movement. Add one glove and penny loafer shoes.
Tip
Sketch Jackson's trademark sequined white glove on the right hand, the only hand he chose to cover.
Step 6: Erase guidelines and shade
Erase your initial stick figure guidelines and shade shadowed areas. Now, applaud yourself for your artistic accomplishment.
Did You Know?
Patent documents of Michael Jackson's antigravity shoes are among Jackson's media trademarks on exhibit at the National Inventors Hall of Fame Museum in Alexandria, Virginia.
United States Patent and Trademark Office
The United States Patent and Trademark Office is an agency in the U.S. Department of Commerce that issues patents to inventors and businesses for their inventions, and trademark registration for product and intellectual property identification. The USPTO is unique among federal agencies because it operates solely on fees collected by its users, and not on taxpayer dollars. Its operating structure is like a business in that it receives requests for services—applications for patents and trademark registrations—and charges fees projected to cover the cost of performing the services [it] provide[s].
The USPTO is based in Alexandria, Virginia, after a 2005 move from the Crystal City area of neighboring Arlington, Virginia. The offices under Patents and the Chief Information Officer that remained just outside the southern end of Crystal City completed moving to Randolph Square, a brand-new building in Shirlington Village, on April 27, 2009.
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Feb 1 Territorial Capital Moves to Washington
State Representative Robert L. Johnson, III, presents a Natchez History Minute about the removal of the territorial capital from Natchez to nearby Washington on this day, February 1, 1802.
List of Puerto Rican scientists and inventors | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:49 Aerospace
00:16:47 Aerospace physiology
00:18:22 Agriculture
00:24:47 Archaeology
00:26:15 Astronomy
00:28:38 Astrophysics
00:32:03 Biochemistry
00:33:28 Botany
00:35:19 Earth System Science
00:37:59 Ecology
00:39:44 Hydrometeorology
00:41:11 Marine biology
00:43:50 Medicine
01:07:57 Microbiology
01:09:35 Mycology
01:11:20 Nanotechnology
01:13:01 Physics
01:14:02 Psychology
01:17:51 Physiology
01:18:47 Rocket scientist
01:20:19 Space exploration
01:21:22 Space physics
01:22:34 Zoology
01:24:31 Inventors
01:26:11 Art
01:27:21 Engineering
01:34:09 Electronics
01:35:37 Medical Technology
01:38:13 Musical instruments
01:39:19 Plastics
01:40:37 Public health
01:42:06 Soft drinks
01:43:08 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
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- improves your listening skills
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Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
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Speaking Rate: 0.7080532074808993
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-D
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Before Christopher Columbus and the Spanish Conquistadors landed on the island of Borikén (Puerto Rico), the Tainos who inhabited the island depended on their astronomical observations for the cultivation of their crops.
In 1581, Juan Ponce de León II, the grandson of the Conquistador Juan Ponce de León, studied an eclipse and its effects on the island and was able to establish the exact geographical coordinates of San Juan with his observations.During the 19th century the economies of many countries in the world suffered from the spread of crop failures. Puerto Rico, whose economy depended heavily on its agriculture, felt the effects of some of the crop diseases. Scientists such as Dr. Agustín Stahl, Fermín Tangüis and Fernando López Tuero conducted investigations and experiments in the fields of agriculture, botany, ethnology and zoology. The findings of their investigations helped Puerto Rico's agricultural industry.
With the advances in medical technologies and the coming of the Space Age of the 20th century, Puerto Ricans have expanded their horizons and have made many contributions in various scientific fields, among them the fields of aerospace and medicine.
There are many Puerto Rican scientists involved in the American space program at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). According to an article written by Margarita Santori Lopez for the official newspaper of the University of Puerto Rico's Mayagüez Campus, Prensa RUM, as of 2003, of the 115 Hispanics working at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland, 70 were Puerto Ricans or of Puerto Rican descent. According to a research conducted during the period of 1990 to 1998 by Puerto Rican scientists in science and technology, Puerto Rican scientific production was greater than in any other Caribbean country and the sixth largest in all of Latin America.The following is a list of some of Puerto Rico's notable scientists and inventors with short profiles that include the scientific contributions, inventions and achievements in their respective fields. The list is not limited to people born in Puerto Rico, it also includes people who are of full or partial Puerto Rican ancestry, and many long-term residents and who have made Puerto Rico their home, and who are recognized for their life and/or work.
Contents: Top – Aerospace, Aerospace physiology, Agriculture, Archaeology, Astronomy, Astrophysics, Biochemistry, Botany, Ecology, Hydrometeorology, Marine biology, Medicine, Microbiology, Mycology, Nanotechnology, Psychology, Physics, Physiology, Rocket scientist, Space exploration, Space physics, Zoology, Inventors
Michelle K. Lee, USPTO - Enterprising Women of Commerce Speaker Series
Michelle Lee shares the story of her career with fellow U.S. Department of Commerce employees.
As Under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual Property and Director of the United States Patent and Trademark Office, Michelle K. Lee provides leadership and oversight to one of the largest intellectual property offices in the world. Ms. Lee serves as a principal advisor to the President, through the Secretary of Commerce, on both domestic and international intellectual property matters, and provides leadership and oversight of the day-to-day management of the policy, budget, and operations for an agency of over 12,000 employees. She also promotes innovation domestically and drives international harmonization efforts, in support of the administration's top economic priorities to increase economic growth.
Deaths in June 2014
The following is a list of notable deaths in June 2014.
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Hispanic and Latino Americans | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Hispanic and Latino Americans
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Hispanic Americans and Latino Americans (Spanish: Estadounidenses hispanos, pronounced [isˈpanos]) are people in the United States who are descendants of people from countries of Latin America and the Iberian Peninsula. The United States has the largest population of Latinos and Hispanics outside of Latin America. More generally, it includes all persons in the United States who self-identify as Hispanic or Latino, whether of full or partial ancestry. For the 2010 United States Census, people counted as Hispanic or Latino were those who identified as one of the specific Hispanic or Latino categories listed on the census questionnaire (Mexican, Puerto Rican or Cuban) as well as those who indicated that they were other Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino. The national origins classified as Hispanic or Latino by the United States Census Bureau are the following: Argentine, Cuban, Colombian, Puerto Rican, Spaniards, Dominican, Mexican, Costa Rican, Guatemalan, Honduran, Nicaraguan, Panamanian, Salvadoran, Bolivian, Spanish, Chilean, Ecuadorian, Paraguayan, Peruvian, Uruguayan, and Venezuelan. Other U.S. government agencies have slightly different definitions of the term, including Brazilians and other Portuguese-speaking groups. The Census Bureau uses the terms Hispanic and Latino interchangeably.Origin can be viewed as the ancestry, nationality group, lineage, or country of birth of the person or the person's parents or ancestors before their arrival in the United States. People who identify as Spanish, Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. As the only specifically designated category of ethnicity in the United States (other than non-Hispanic/Latino), Hispanics form a pan-ethnicity incorporating a diversity of inter-related cultural and linguistic heritages. Most Hispanic Americans are of Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Salvadoran, Dominican, Guatemalan, or Colombian origin. The predominant origin of regional Hispanic populations varies widely in different locations across the country.Hispanic Americans are the second fastest-growing ethnic group by percentage growth in the United States after Asian Americans. Hispanic/Latinos overall are the second-largest ethnic group in the United States, after non-Hispanic whites (a group which, like Hispanics and Latinos, is composed of dozens of sub-groups of differing national origin).Hispanics have lived within what is now the United States continuously since the founding of St. Augustine by the Spanish in 1565. After Native Americans, Hispanics are the oldest ethnic group to inhabit much of what is today the United States. Many have Native American ancestry. Spain colonized large areas of what is today the American Southwest and West Coast, as well as Florida. Its holdings included present-day California, New Mexico, Nevada, Arizona and Texas, all of which were part of the Republic of Mexico from its independence in 1821 until the end of the Mexican–American War in 1848. Conversely, Hispanic immigrants to the New York-New Jersey metropolitan area derive from a broad spectrum of Latin American states.A study published in 2015 in the American Journal of Human Genetics, based on 23andMe data from 8,663 self-described Latinos, estimated that Latinos in the United States carried a mean of 65.1% European ancestry, 18.0% Native American ancestry, and 6.2% African ancestry. The study found that self-described Latinos from the Southwest, especially those along the Mexican border, had the highest mean levels of Native American ancestry.
Robert Fulton | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Robert Fulton
00:01:08 1 Early life and family
00:02:36 2 Work
00:12:39 3 Posthumous honors
00:14:18 3.1 In popular culture
00:17:39 4 Gallery
00:17:48 5 Publications
00:18:11 6 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Robert Fulton (November 14, 1765 – February 25, 1815) was an American engineer and inventor who is widely credited with developing a commercially successful steamboat; the first was called The North River Steamboat of Clermonts. In 1807 that steamboat traveled on the Hudson River with passengers from New York City to Albany and back again, a round trip of 300 miles, in 62 hours. The success of his steamboat changed river traffic and trade on major American rivers.
In 1800, Fulton had been commissioned by Napoleon Bonaparte, leader of France, to attempt to design a submarine; he produced the Nautilus, the first practical submarine in history. Fulton is also credited with inventing some of the world's earliest naval torpedoes for use by the British Royal Navy.Fulton became interested in steam engines and the idea of steamboats in 1777 when he was around age 12 and visited state delegate William Henry of Lancaster, Pennsylvania, who was interested in this topic. Henry had learned about inventor James Watt and his Watt steam engine on an earlier visit to England.
The Bronx | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:02:58 1 Etymology and naming
00:03:08 1.1 Early names
00:04:57 1.2 Use of definite article
00:07:06 2 History
00:07:47 2.1 Before 1914
00:11:09 2.2 After 1914
00:12:04 2.2.1 New York City expands
00:13:55 2.2.2 Decline
00:17:21 2.3 Revitalization
00:20:43 3 Geography
00:20:52 3.1 Location and physical features
00:24:04 3.2 Parks and open space
00:27:14 3.3 Neighborhoods
00:28:14 3.3.1 East Bronx
00:29:29 3.3.1.1 City Island and Hart Island
00:30:15 3.3.2 West Bronx
00:31:04 3.3.2.1 Northwestern Bronx
00:31:41 3.3.2.2 South Bronx
00:33:15 3.4 Adjacent counties
00:33:48 4 Transportation
00:33:58 4.1 Roads and streets
00:34:07 4.1.1 Surface streets
00:36:25 4.1.2 Highways
00:37:05 4.1.3 Bridges and tunnels
00:38:06 4.2 Mass transit
00:39:31 5 Demographics
00:39:41 5.1 Race, ethnicity, language, and immigration
00:39:53 5.1.1 2013 estimates
00:41:40 5.1.2 2010 Census
00:43:35 5.1.3 2009 Community Survey
00:48:27 5.1.4 Older estimates
00:48:50 5.2 Population and housing
00:51:12 5.3 Individual and household income
00:52:41 6 Government and politics
00:52:52 6.1 Local government
00:56:48 6.2 Representatives in the U.S. Congress
00:58:47 6.3 Votes for other offices
01:04:25 7 Economy
01:04:46 7.1 Shopping districts
01:07:08 8 Education
01:08:31 8.1 Educational attainment
01:09:23 8.2 High schools
01:11:45 8.3 Colleges and universities
01:15:11 9 Culture and institutions
01:16:50 9.1 Founding of hip-hop
01:19:14 9.2 Sports
01:20:58 9.3 Off-Off-Broadway
01:21:45 9.4 Arts
01:24:05 9.5 Maritime heritage
01:25:08 9.6 Community celebrations
01:26:34 9.7 Press and broadcasting
01:26:51 9.7.1 Newspapers
01:28:03 9.7.2 Radio and television
01:29:13 9.8 Gangs
01:30:36 10 In popular culture
01:30:46 10.1 Film and television
01:30:55 10.1.1 Mid-20th century
01:32:33 10.1.2 As a symbolism
01:37:01 10.1.3 As a setting
01:39:25 10.2 In literature
01:39:34 10.2.1 Books
01:41:52 10.2.2 Poetry
01:43:40 10.2.3 Bronx Memoir Project
01:44:33 10.3 In songs
01:47:58 11 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.9799847821147756
Voice name: en-GB-Wavenet-C
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Bronx is a borough of New York City, coterminous with Bronx County, in the U.S. state of New York, the third-most densely populated county in the United States. It is south of Westchester County; northeast and east of Manhattan, across the Harlem River; and north of Queens, across the East River.
The Bronx has a land area of 42 square miles (109 km2) and a population of 1,471,160 in 2017. Of the five boroughs, it has the fourth-largest area, fourth-highest population, and third-highest population density. It is the only borough predominantly on the U.S. mainland.
The Bronx is divided by the Bronx River into a hillier section in the west, and a flatter eastern section. East and west street names are divided by Jerome Avenue. The West Bronx was annexed to New York City in 1874, and the areas east of the Bronx River in 1895. Bronx County was separated from New York County in 1914. About a quarter of the Bronx's area is open space, including Woodlawn Cemetery, Van Cortlandt Park, Pelham Bay Park, the New York Botanical Garden, and the Bronx Zoo in the borough's north and center. These open spaces are situated primarily on land deliberately reserved in the late 19th century as urban development progressed north and east from Manhattan.
The name Bronx originated with Swedish-born Jonas Bronck, who established the first settlement in the area as part of the New Netherland colony in 1639. The native Lenape were displaced after 1643 by settlers. In the 19th and 20th centuries, the Bronx received many immigrant and migrant groups as it was transformed into an urban community, first from various European countries (particularly Ireland, Germany, Italy and Eastern Europe) and later from the Caribbean region (particularly Puerto Rico, Hai ...
Auburn Coach Wife Kristi Malzahn Agrees with Match & eHarmony: Men are Jerks
My advice is this: Settle! That's right. Don't worry about passion or intense connection. Don't nix a guy based on his annoying habit of yelling Bravo! in movie theaters. Overlook his halitosis or abysmal sense of aesthetics. Because if you want to have the infrastructure in place to have a family, settling is the way to go. Based on my observations, in fact, settling will probably make you happier in the long run, since many of those who marry with great expectations become more disillusioned with each passing year. (It's hard to maintain that level of zing when the conversation morphs into discussions about who's changing the diapers or balancing the checkbook.)
Obviously, I wasn't always an advocate of settling. In fact, it took not settling to make me realize that settling is the better option, and even though settling is a rampant phenomenon, talking about it in a positive light makes people profoundly uncomfortable. Whenever I make the case for settling, people look at me with creased brows of disapproval or frowns of disappointment, the way a child might look at an older sibling who just informed her that Jerry's Kids aren't going to walk, even if you send them money. It's not only politically incorrect to get behind settling, it's downright un-American. Our culture tells us to keep our eyes on the prize (while our mothers, who know better, tell us not to be so picky), and the theme of holding out for true love (whatever that is—look at the divorce rate) permeates our collective mentality.
Even situation comedies, starting in the 1970s with The Mary Tyler Moore Show and going all the way to Friends, feature endearing single women in the dating trenches, and there's supposed to be something romantic and even heroic about their search for true love. Of course, the crucial difference is that, whereas the earlier series begins after Mary has been jilted by her fiancé, the more modern-day Friends opens as Rachel Green leaves her nice-guy orthodontist fiancé at the altar simply because she isn't feeling it. But either way, in episode after episode, as both women continue to be unlucky in love, settling starts to look pretty darn appealing. Mary is supposed to be contentedly independent and fulfilled by her newsroom family, but in fact her life seems lonely. Are we to assume that at the end of the series, Mary, by then in her late 30s, found her soul mate after the lights in the newsroom went out and her work family was disbanded? If her experience was anything like mine or that of my single friends, it's unlikely.
And while Rachel and her supposed soul mate, Ross, finally get together (for the umpteenth time) in the finale of Friends, do we feel confident that she'll be happier with Ross than she would have been had she settled down with Barry, the orthodontist, 10 years earlier? She and Ross have passion but have never had long-term stability, and the fireworks she experiences with him but not with Barry might actually turn out to be a liability, given how many times their relationship has already gone up in flames. It's equally questionable whether Sex and the City's Carrie Bradshaw, who cheated on her kindhearted and generous boyfriend, Aidan, only to end up with the more exciting but self-absorbed Mr. Big, will be better off in the framework of marriage and family. (Some time after the breakup, when Carrie ran into Aidan on the street, he was carrying his infant in a Baby Björn. Can anyone imagine Mr. Big walking around with a Björn?)
Tang dynasty | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Tang dynasty
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Tang dynasty (;Chinese: 唐朝) or the Tang Empire was an imperial dynasty of China, preceded by the Sui dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. Historians generally regard the Tang as a high point in Chinese civilization, and a golden age of cosmopolitan culture. Tang territory, acquired through the military campaigns of its early rulers, rivaled that of the Han dynasty. The Tang capital at Chang'an (present-day Xi'an) was the most populous city in the world in its day.
The Lǐ family (李) founded the dynasty, seizing power during the decline and collapse of the Sui Empire. The dynasty was briefly interrupted when Empress Wu Zetian seized the throne, proclaiming the Second Zhou dynasty (690–705) and becoming the only Chinese empress regnant. In two censuses of the 7th and 8th centuries, the Tang records estimated the population by number of registered households at about 50 million people. Yet, even when the central government was breaking down and unable to compile an accurate census of the population in the 9th century, it is estimated that the population had grown by then to about 80 million people. With its large population base, the dynasty was able to raise professional and conscripted armies of hundreds of thousands of troops to contend with nomadic powers in dominating Inner Asia and the lucrative trade-routes along the Silk Road. Various kingdoms and states paid tribute to the Tang court, while the Tang also conquered or subdued several regions which it indirectly controlled through a protectorate system. Besides political hegemony, the Tang also exerted a powerful cultural influence over neighboring East Asian states such as those in Japan and Korea.
The Tang dynasty was largely a period of progress and stability in the first half of the dynasty's rule, until the An Lushan Rebellion and the decline of central authority in the later half of the dynasty. Like the previous Sui dynasty, the Tang dynasty maintained a civil-service system by recruiting scholar-officials through standardized examinations and recommendations to office. The rise of regional military governors known as jiedushi during the 9th century undermined this civil order. Chinese culture flourished and further matured during the Tang era; it is traditionally considered the greatest age for Chinese poetry. Two of China's most famous poets, Li Bai and Du Fu, belonged to this age, as did many famous painters such as Han Gan, Zhang Xuan, and Zhou Fang. Scholars of this period compiled a rich variety of historical literature, as well as encyclopedias and geographical works. The adoption of the title Tängri Qaghan by the Tang Emperor Taizong in addition to his title as emperor was eastern Asia's first simultaneous kingship.Many notable innovations occurred under the Tang, including the development of woodblock printing. Buddhism became a major influence in Chinese culture, with native Chinese sects gaining prominence. However, in the 840s the Emperor Wuzong of Tang persecuted Buddhism, which subsequently declined in influence. Although the dynasty and central government had gone into decline by the 9th century, art and culture continued to flourish. The weakened central government largely withdrew from managing the economy, but the country's mercantile affairs stayed intact and commercial trade continued to thrive regardless. However, agrarian rebellions in the latter half of the 9th century resulted in damaging atrocities such as the Guangzhou massacre of 878-879.