October Revolution | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:45 1 Etymology
00:04:47 2 Background
00:04:56 2.1 February Revolution
00:06:37 2.2 Unrest by workers, peasants and soldiers
00:11:58 2.3 Antiwar demonstrations
00:13:34 2.4 July days
00:15:59 2.5 Kornilov affair
00:17:56 2.6 German support
00:19:14 3 Insurrection
00:19:24 3.1 Planning
00:21:00 3.2 Onset
00:25:37 3.3 Assault on the Winter Palace
00:27:55 3.4 Later Soviet portrayal
00:31:39 3.5 Dybenko's memoirs
00:33:00 4 Timeline of the spread of Soviet power (Gregorian calendar dates)
00:36:51 5 Outcome
00:48:33 6 Historiography
00:49:05 6.1 Soviet historiography
00:54:28 6.2 Western historiography
00:56:39 6.3 Effect of the dissolution of the USSR on historical research
00:58:03 7 Legacy
01:00:39 8 See also
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SUMMARY
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The October Revolution, officially known in Soviet historiography as the Great October Socialist Revolution and commonly referred to as the October Uprising, the October Coup, the Bolshevik Revolution, the Bolshevik Coup or the Red October, was a revolution in Russia led by the Bolshevik Party of Vladimir Lenin that was instrumental in the larger Russian Revolution of 1917. It took place with an armed insurrection in Petrograd on 7 November (25 October, O.S.) 1917.
It followed and capitalized on the February Revolution of the same year, which overthrew the Tsarist autocracy and resulted in a provisional government after a transfer of power proclaimed by Grand Duke Michael, the younger brother of Tsar Nicholas II, who declined to take power after the Tsar stepped down. During this time, urban workers began to organize into councils (soviets) wherein revolutionaries criticized the provisional government and its actions. After the Congress of Soviets, now the governing body, had its second session, it elected members of the Bolsheviks and other leftist groups such as the Left Socialist Revolutionaries to important positions within the new state of affairs. This immediately initiated the establishment of the Russian Soviet Republic. On 17 July 1918, the Tsar and his family were executed.
The revolution was led by the Bolsheviks, who used their influence in the Petrograd Soviet to organize the armed forces. Bolshevik Red Guards forces under the Military Revolutionary Committee began the occupation of government buildings on 7 November 1917 (New Style). The following day, the Winter Palace (the seat of the Provisional government located in Petrograd, then capital of Russia) was captured.
The long-awaited Constituent Assembly elections were held on 12 November 1917. In contrast to their majority in the Soviets, the Bolsheviks only won 175 seats in the 715-seat legislative body, coming in second behind the Socialist Revolutionary Party, which won 370 seats, although the SR Party no longer existed as a whole party by that time, as the Left SRs had gone into coalition with the Bolsheviks from October 1917 to March 1918. The Constituent Assembly was to first meet on 28 November 1917, but its convocation was delayed until 5 January 1918 by the Bolsheviks. On its first and only day in session, the Constituent Assembly came into conflict with the Soviets, and it rejected Soviet decrees on peace and land, resulting in the Constituent Assembly being dissolved the next day by order of the Congress of Soviets.As the revolution was not universally recognized, there followed the struggles of the Russian Civil War (1917–22) and the creation of the Soviet Union in 1922.