China Trip 6 - Visit to the Cathedral of St Joseph - Inner City of Beijing 20 Oct 2013
St. Joseph's Church was first established in 1653 by an Italian Jesuit priest Fr. Lodovico Buglio. The church was renovated and reconstructed to the current structure in 1904.
Portugal increased its presence in China after they established their administrative head quarters in Goa, India. In 1511, Malaysia, which was known as Malacca at that time, became the strategic base for Portuguese to expand trade with China and South East Asia.
In 1557, the Chinese authorities allowed the Portuguese to settle in Macau near the island of Shangchuan (San Juan or St. John) in South East China where St. Francis Xavier died of illness in 1552. In 1570, the Portuguese bought a Japanese Port and founded the city of Nagasaki. From there the Portuguese created a trading center for many years from Japan to the world. In 1582, Jesuit missionaries initiated mission work in China, introducing Western science, mathematics and astronomy. Macau was administered by Portugal from the mid sixteenth century until late 1999.
Top 10 chinese church buildings
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Top 10 chinese church buildings.
Top 10 church buildings in China: East Church, Beijing: Beijing East Church Located at Wangfujing Street in the center of Beijing, the East Church, also known as St Joseph’s Church. It was built in the Romanesque Revival style from the early 20th century. Two priests completed the original construction in 1665.
St. Sophia Church, Harbin: The St. Sophia Church in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, is the largest Eastern Orthodox Church in the Far East region. The building was first built by Russians for military use in March of 1907 in typical Byzantine style, and was later renovated into a wooden church.
Xikai Catholic Church, Tianjin: Xikai Catholic Church Built in the Roman style, the Xikai Catholic Church is located in the Heping District of Tianjin. It is a characteristic French Romanesque building and also called the “French Church” because it was first built by French bishops in 1913 with bricks imported from France.
Xujiahui Catholic Church, Shanghai: Xujiahui Catholic Church is the largest Catholic Church in Shanghai. With red walls, white stone columns and slate roofs, as well as the two cloud-kissing bell towers, it has become an important building in Shanghai. Because the church can hold 3,000 people, it has also been named the “Vatican in Shanghai”. Shigulu Catholic Church, Nanjing: Shigulu Catholic Church Shigulu Catholic Church is currently the only Romanesque-style building in Nanjing. It was first built in 1870 by French priests and has been the office of the Catholicism Patriotic Committee of Nanjing and Jiangsu Provinces since 1978. St. Michael’s Catholic Church, Qingdao: St. Michael’s Catholic Church sits atop a steep hill in Qingdao’s old urban area. Its bell tower is 55 meters high and it has been the city’s important landmark for a long time. The gorgeous church has been a popular place for young Catholic couples to hold weddings. Nanguan Catholic Church, Shenyang: Nanguan Catholic Church Erected in 1878, this gray hulk of a building barely survived the Boxer Rebellion in 1900. The existing Catholic Church was just the one rebuilt in 1912. Following Renaissance architectural style, it is a characteristically gothic building. With a height of 40 meters and an area of 1,100 square meters, the church can hold 1,500 people.
Sacred Heart Cathedral, Guangzhou: Sacred Heart Cathedral Located in central Guangzhou, Sacred Heart Cathedral is locally called “Stone House”, as all of the walls and columns are made of granite. The church is built in the European gothic style and its tower spire reaches 58.5 meters. The atmosphere can be compared to Notre Dame in Paris.
Cizhong Church, Yunnan: The Cizhong Church was built at the beginning of the 20th century with a unique fusion of French and Chinese architectural styles. The overhanging eaves and roof of the church are Chinese style, while the cross on top is Western style. The Cizhong municipal government repaired the church in 1989 and opened it to the public.
Yanjing Catholic Church: The Yanjing Catholic Church, built in 1865 by French missionaries, is the only one of its kind in Tibet and covers an area of 6,000 sq m. The church is a rare combination of Western and Tibetan architectural styles. Inside it has a typical Gothic vault and frescoes depicting Biblical scenes on the ceiling.
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Please watch: most beautiful beaches in the world
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Top Ten Most Beautiful Churches In China || Pastimers
Christianity has a long history in China. Whether you're interested in churches for religious purposes, or for their architecture and history, China has a lot to offer.
A church was built in each cardinal direction in the city of Beijing, and the eastern one was Catholic East Church, or Wangfujing Catholic Church. Located in downtown Wangfujing Street, it is one of the best-preserved religious sites in the heart of Beijing.
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Historic Center of Macau, China in 4K (Ultra HD)
Macau (Macao) is a special administrative region of China, former Portuguese oversees territory (until 1999). Macau is inscribed on the UNESCO WORLD Heritage list, quote: Macao, a lucrative port of strategic importance in the development of international trade, was under Portuguese administration from the mid-16th century until 1999, when it came under Chinese sovereignty. With its historic street, residential, religious and public Portuguese and Chinese buildings, the historic centre of Macao provides a unique testimony to the meeting of aesthetic, cultural, architectural and technological influences from East and West. The site also contains a fortress and a lighthouse, the oldest in China. It bears witness to one of the earliest and longest-lasting encounters between China and the West, based on the vibrancy of international trade.
In the video - the principal buildings and public spaces that form the Historic Center of Macau: A-Ma Temple (0:05), Lilau Square (0:39), Mandarin's House (0:50), St. Lawrence's Church (1:13), St. Joseph's Seminary and Church (1:36), Sir Robert Ho Tung Library (1:45), St. Augustine's Square (2:01), St. Augustine's Church (2:07), Dom Pedro V Theatre (2:17), Senado Square (2:35), Holy House of Mercy (2:42), 'Leal Senado' Building (3:12), Sam Kai Vui Kun (Kuan Tai Temple) (3:34), St. Dominic's Church (3:47), Cathedral (4:07), Lou Kau Mansion (4:12), Ruins of St. Paul's (4:29), Mount Fortress (5:01), Section of the Old City Walls (5:44), Na Tcha Temple (5:44), St. Anthony's Church (5:55), Casa Garden (6:06), Protestant Cemetery (6:20), Guia Fortress (including Lighthouse) (6:35).
Recorded October 2015 in 4K (Ultra HD) with Sony AX100. Edited with Adobe Premiere Pro CC.
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Michael Murphy - The Most Beautiful Things - 02 - Winds of Sertao
Licensed via iLicenseMusic.com
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The Catholic Church in China | A Short Documentary
Catholicism in China has a long and storied past and a hopeful future. America Media offers this in-depth exploration of the faith in China.
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Pope writes to Chinese Catholics in bid to change relations with China
SHOTLIST
1. Wide of St. Peter's Basilica
2. Mid of nuns walking
3. Female tourist in St. Peter's Square
4. Wideshot St. Peter's Square
5. Wideshot of tourists taking photographs
6. St. Peter's Basilica filmed from through doorway of building
7. Cutaway of letters in various languages to Chinese Catholics
8. Kwang-Chun Huang, a Taiwanese journalist from Central News Agency, Taiwan looking at letters and booklets
9. Cutaway of booklet
10. SOUNDBITE: (Mandarin) Kwang-Chun Huang, journalist with Central News Agency Taiwan:
++Rough Translation++
I think the people prefer religious freedom. The people in Taiwan are concerned about the religious freedom in China. The Catholic Church of Taiwan has already prayed for them. The only thing that concerns us is religious freedom.
11. Man approaching counter to look at letters and booklets
12. Father Bernardo Cervellera, director of Asia News walking along path
13. SOUNDBITE: (English) Father Bernardo Cervellera, director of AsiaNews, a missionary news agency close to the Vatican:
The Pope stresses the importance of freedom of religion and the importance of the nomination of the bishops by the Holy See, the freedom of the church towards the government. This is done not in a political way but by showing that freedom of religion is necessary to express the spiritual mission of the church.
14. Midshot of the St. Peter's Basilica dome
15. SOUNDBITE: (English) Lawrence Fong, Hong Kong tourist:
I think it is a good idea, I think it is very good for the Pope to get a message to China.
16. Tourists in Vatican City
17. SOUNDBITE: (English) Sabina Fonge, Hong Kong tourist:
At least the Chinese Catholics will have hope that they will really have religious freedom in China.
18. Midshot of tourists walking in St. Peter's square
19. Wideshot St. Peter's Basilica
STORYLINE
Pope Benedict XVI on Saturday invited all Roman Catholics in China to unite under his jurisdiction and urged Beijing to restore diplomatic ties and permit religious freedom.
In response China said that frank dialogue with the Vatican was needed to resolve differences between the two sides, and acknowledged an open letter from Pope Benedict XVI to the country's faithful but did not comment on it directly.
In an eagerly awaited letter to the faithful in China, Benedict insisted on his right to appoint bishops, but said he trusted that an agreement could be reached with the Beijing authorities on nominations.
Significantly, Benedict revoked previous Vatican-issued restrictions on contacts with the clergy of the official church, and recognised that some Chinese faithful have no choice but to attend officially recognised Masses.
The Vatican said in a note accompanying the letter that it was prepared at any time to move its diplomatic representation from Taiwan - which split from China in 1949 - to Beijing, as soon as an agreement with the government was reached.
China's Foreign Ministry said it had taken note of the pope's letter but did not directly respond to its contents.
Spokesman Qin Gang said in a statement posted on the ministry's Web site that China has always advocated the improvement of Sino-Vatican relations and made positive efforts to this end. Qin said China would continue to have a frank, constructive dialogue with the Vatican in order to resolve differences between the two sides.
The statement called on the Vatican to sever ties with rival Taiwan and not interfere in Beijing's internal affairs in the name of religion.
A Taiwanese journalist who has read the letter told AP Television the people in Taiwan were concerned about the religious freedom in China.
An official with China's state-backed Catholic Church said his organisation had yet to receive a copy of the letter.
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Beyond Ricci: Celebrating Four Hundred Years of the Chinese Catholic Church
An hour-long documentary shot by Fr James McDermott, S.J. and narrated, directed and produced by Fr Jeremy Clarke, S.J.
1940s Moscow Stock Shots - 250049-08 | Footage Farm Ltd
Footage Farm is a historical audio-visual library. The footage in this video constitutes an unedited historical document and has been uploaded for research purposes. Some viewers may find the archive material upsetting. Footage Farm does not condone the views expressed in this video.
For broadcast quality material of this clip or to know more about our Public Domain collection, contact us at info@footagefarm.co.uk
[Post-WWII - 1947 ca, Moscow Stock Shots: Buildings & Street Scenes]
View of Red Square w/ star on top of Spassklaya tower on Kremlin wall. Scenic shots of buildings, river, traffic on highway passing Kremlin; onion-shaped domes of St. Basil’s Cathedral. School group walking across Red Square; scattered people on gray day.
00:32:45 Cars parked, traffic along square; policeman directing traffic.
00:33:15 Ext of Lenin’s Tomb w/ people waiting, Honor Guards. CU of towers of St. Basil’s & statue of Dmitry Pozharsky & Kuzman Minin. CUs.
00:34:00 Soldiers march to Lenin’s Tomb past waiting visitors. LS of St. Basil’s. Shots from outside Kremlin Wall. Onion domed churches of Kremlin.
00:34:46 View between old buildings w/ round towers looking towards churches of Kremlin, traffic passing.
00:34:56 Large building w/ ten pseudo-columns across base. Large ten-story square building, cars parked in square. Another ornate 19th Century building; electric buses past. Large 20th Century building w/ globe (?) ornamentation on 3rd floor. CU w/ CCCP above it.
00:35:35 Tourists in street w/ Bolshoi Ballet Theater behind them. MCU; Cu of statue.
00:35:50 People past entrance to Hotel Metropole. City traffic pedestrians, trollies, electric buses, people at newspaper kiosk. Pedestrians; onto buses. Women tram / trolley operator.
00:36:53 MCU woman in newspaper kiosk, CU newspapers spread in front, poster of Stalin. Woman flower seller w/ bouquet. Woman & balloons. Pedestrians past department store windows; CU dresses, coats, hats. Canned food stacked, bottles of liquor.
00:37:56 Photographs of military officers w/ medals in window, people looking at them.
00:38:05 Window of food store display, CU. Pedestrians.
00:38:22 Int. subway, escalators. Train platform, rush hour, train arrives & leaves.
00:39:18 MCU & CU of Russian Orthodox Priest posing. Sits down beneath painting & next to model of church (casting?). MCU w/ jeweled pin on head scarf.
00:39:51 High angle of large Moscow intersection & 19th century building opposite. Other high angles of buildings of Moscow. Newsreel cameramen. (edge decomposition damage but could be re-sized.)
Communist Daily Life; 1940s; 1950s; Moscow Stock Shots; Cold War;
NOTE: Though this is sourced as two reels in Washington it, or a portion, is provided for price of one by Footage Farm.
Some Live in Darkness, Some Live in Light: China and Elsewhere in 1900
2019 Kwang Siam Lim Memorial Lecture
At the turn of the twentieth century, in a brilliant spectacle, the Western powers and Japan demonstrated their imperial prowess at the Paris Exposition of 1900. Several months later, the same powers invaded China to lift the siege of the foreign legations by the Boxers and the Qing government. The Qing government fell to its nadir, but China’s inextricable links to global trends soon brought dramatic change. This lecture shows how, in this critical decade, facing imperialism, trade war, anarchism, and racial nationalism, the Chinese people engaged with the dark and bright aspects of the world.
Tianjin | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Tianjin
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Tianjin ([tʰjɛ́n.tɕín] (listen)), formerly romanized as Tientsin, is a coastal metropolis in northern China and one of the nine national central cities of the People's Republic of China (PRC), with a total population of 15,469,500, and is also the world's 11th-most populous city proper. It is governed as one of the four municipalities under the direct administration of central government of the PRC and is thus under direct administration of the central government. Tianjin borders Hebei Province and Beijing Municipality, bounded to the east by the Bohai Gulf portion of the Yellow Sea. Part of the Bohai Economic Rim, it is the largest coastal city in northern China.
In terms of urban population, Tianjin is the fourth largest in China, after Shanghai, Beijing, and Guangzhou. In terms of administrative area population, Tianjin ranks fifth in Mainland China. The walled city of Tianjin was built in 1404. As a treaty port since 1860, Tianjin has been a major seaport and gateway to Beijing. During the Boxer Rebellion the city was the seat of the Tianjin Provisional Government. Under the Qing dynasty and the Republic of China, Tianjin became one of the largest cities in the region. At that time, numerous European-style buildings and mansions were constructed in concessions, many of which are well-preserved today. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Tianjin suffered a depression due to the policy of the central government and Tangshan earthquake, but recovered from 1990s. Nowadays Tianjin is a dual-core city, with its main urban area (including the old city) located along the Hai River, which connects to the Yellow and Yangtze Rivers via the Grand Canal; and Binhai, a New Area urban core located east of the old city, on the coast of the Bohai Gulf. As of the end of 2010, around 285 Fortune 500 companies have set up base in Binhai.
Beijing | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Beijing
00:03:13 1 Etymology
00:04:36 2 History
00:04:44 2.1 Early history
00:05:44 2.2 Early Imperial China
00:08:15 2.3 Ming dynasty
00:10:42 2.4 Qing dynasty
00:12:06 2.5 Republic of China
00:13:41 2.6 People's Republic of China
00:16:38 3 Geography
00:18:49 3.1 Cityscape
00:18:57 3.2 Architecture
00:21:47 3.3 Climate
00:23:29 3.4 Environmental issues
00:24:56 3.4.1 Air quality
00:29:41 3.4.1.1 Readings
00:30:48 3.4.2 Dust storms
00:31:25 4 Politics and government
00:32:17 4.1 Administrative divisions
00:32:48 4.1.1 Towns
00:33:35 4.2 Judiciary and procuracy
00:34:45 4.3 Diplomatic missions
00:35:13 5 Economy
00:36:05 5.1 Sector composition
00:37:46 5.2 Economic zones
00:40:25 6 Demographics
00:43:53 7 Culture
00:46:13 7.1 Places of interest
00:50:55 8 Religion
00:51:57 8.1 Chinese folk religion and Taoism
00:53:46 8.2 Buddhism
00:56:16 8.3 Islam
00:57:11 8.4 Christianity
00:59:27 9 Media
00:59:36 9.1 Television and radio
01:00:16 9.2 Press
01:01:10 10 Sports
01:01:18 10.1 Events
01:03:26 10.2 Venues
01:04:05 10.3 Clubs
01:04:39 11 Transportation
01:05:02 11.1 Rail and high-speed rail
01:07:06 11.2 Roads and expressways
01:09:35 11.3 Air
01:11:43 11.4 Public transit
01:13:44 11.5 Taxi
01:15:18 11.6 Bicycles
01:16:26 12 Defense and aerospace
01:17:59 13 Nature and wildlife
01:20:23 14 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Beijing (;Mandarin pronunciation: [pèi.tɕíŋ] (listen)), formerly romanized as Peking, is the capital of the People's Republic of China, the world's third most populous city proper, and most populous capital city. The city, located in northern China, is governed as a municipality under the direct administration of central government with 16 urban, suburban, and rural districts. Beijing Municipality is surrounded by Hebei Province with the exception of neighboring Tianjin Municipality to the southeast; together the three divisions form the Jingjinji metropolitan region and the national capital region of China.Beijing is an important world capital and global power city, and one of the world's leading centers for politics, economy and business, finance, education, culture, innovation and technology, architecture, language, and diplomacy. A megacity, Beijing is the second largest Chinese city by urban population after Shanghai and is the nation's political, cultural, and educational center. It is home to the headquarters of most of China's largest state-owned companies and houses the largest number of Fortune Global 500 companies in the world, as well as the world's four biggest financial institutions. It is also a major hub for the national highway, expressway, railway, and high-speed rail networks. The Beijing Capital International Airport has been the second busiest in the world by passenger traffic since 2010, and, as of 2016, the city's subway network is the busiest and second longest in the world.
Combining both modern and traditional architecture, Beijing is one of the oldest cities in the world, with a rich history dating back three millennia. As the last of the Four Great Ancient Capitals of China, Beijing has been the political center of the country for most of the past eight centuries, and was the largest city in the world by population for much of the second millennium A.D. Encyclopædia Britannica notes that few cities in the world have served for so long as the political headquarters and cultural center of an area as immense as China. With mountains surrounding the inland city on three sides, in addition to the old inner and outer city walls, Beijing was strategically poised and developed to be the residence of the emperor and thus was the perfect location for the imperial capital. The city is renowned for its opulent palaces, temples, parks, gardens, tombs, walls and gates. It has seven UNESCO World Heritage Sites – the Forbidden City, Temple of Heaven, Summer Palace, Ming Tombs, Zhoukoudian, and parts of the Great Wall and the Grand Canal – all popular locatio ...
Persecution of Christians | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Persecution of Christians
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
The persecution of Christians can be historically traced from the first century of the Christian era to the present day. Early Christians were persecuted for their faith at the hands of both a small number of Jews from whose religion Christianity arose and the Romans who controlled many of the lands across which early Christianity was spread. Early in the fourth century, a form of the religion was legalized by the Edict of Milan, and it eventually became the State church of the Roman Empire.
Christian missionaries as well as converts to Christianity have been the target of persecution ever since the emergence of Christianity, sometimes to the point of being martyred for their faith.
The schisms of the Middle Ages and especially the Protestant Reformation, sometimes provoked severe conflicts between Christian denominations to the point of persecuting each other.
In the 20th century, Christians have been persecuted by various governments including the Islamic Ottoman Empire in the form of the Armenian Genocide, the Assyrian Genocide and the Greek Genocide, as well as atheistic states such as the Soviet Union and North Korea. During World War II members of some Christian churches were persecuted in Nazi Germany for resisting Nazi ideology.
In more recent times, the Christian missionary organization Open Doors (UK) estimates that over 200 million Christians face persecution, particularly in Middle Eastern countries such as Pakistan and Saudi Arabia.
Beijing | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Beijing
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Beijing (;Mandarin pronunciation: [pèi.tɕíŋ] (listen)), formerly romanized as Peking, is the capital of the People's Republic of China, the world's third most populous city proper, and most populous capital city. The city, located in northern China, is governed as a municipality under the direct administration of central government with 16 urban, suburban, and rural districts. Beijing Municipality is surrounded by Hebei Province with the exception of neighboring Tianjin Municipality to the southeast; together the three divisions form the Jingjinji metropolitan region and the national capital region of China.Beijing is an important world capital and global power city, and one of the world's leading centers for politics, economy and business, finance, education, culture, innovation and technology, architecture, language, and diplomacy. A megacity, Beijing is the second largest Chinese city by urban population after Shanghai and is the nation's political, cultural, and educational center. It is home to the headquarters of most of China's largest state-owned companies and houses the largest number of Fortune Global 500 companies in the world, as well as the world's four biggest financial institutions. It is also a major hub for the national highway, expressway, railway, and high-speed rail networks. The Beijing Capital International Airport has been the second busiest in the world by passenger traffic since 2010, and, as of 2016, the city's subway network is the busiest and second longest in the world.
Combining both modern and traditional architecture, Beijing is one of the oldest cities in the world, with a rich history dating back three millennia. As the last of the Four Great Ancient Capitals of China, Beijing has been the political center of the country for most of the past eight centuries, and was the largest city in the world by population for much of the second millennium A.D. Encyclopædia Britannica notes that few cities in the world have served for so long as the political headquarters and cultural center of an area as immense as China. With mountains surrounding the inland city on three sides, in addition to the old inner and outer city walls, Beijing was strategically poised and developed to be the residence of the emperor and thus was the perfect location for the imperial capital. The city is renowned for its opulent palaces, temples, parks, gardens, tombs, walls and gates. It has seven UNESCO World Heritage Sites – the Forbidden City, Temple of Heaven, Summer Palace, Ming Tombs, Zhoukoudian, and parts of the Great Wall and the Grand Canal – all popular locations for tourism. Siheyuans, the city's traditional housing style, and hutongs, the narrow alleys between siheyuans, are major tourist attractions and are common in urban Beijing.
Many of Beijing's 91 universities consistently rank among the best in China, among which Peking University and Tsinghua University are ranked in the top 60 universities of the world. Beijing CBD is a center for Beijing's economic expansion, with the ongoing or recently completed construction of multiple skyscrapers. Beijing's Zhongguancun area is known as China's Silicon Valley and a center of innovation and technology entrepreneurship.
Beijing | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:04:44 1 Etymology
00:06:46 2 History
00:06:55 2.1 Early history
00:08:21 2.2 Early Imperial China
00:12:06 2.3 Ming dynasty
00:15:46 2.4 Qing dynasty
00:17:49 2.5 Republic of China
00:20:10 2.6 People's Republic of China
00:24:34 3 Geography
00:27:50 3.1 Cityscape
00:27:59 3.2 Architecture
00:32:13 3.3 Climate
00:34:43 3.4 Environmental issues
00:36:48 3.4.1 Air quality
00:44:14 3.4.1.1 Readings
00:45:52 3.4.2 Dust storms
00:46:44 4 Politics and government
00:47:57 4.1 Administrative divisions
00:48:40 4.1.1 Towns
00:49:46 4.2 Judiciary and procuracy
00:51:26 4.3 Diplomatic missions
00:52:04 5 Economy
00:53:14 5.1 Sector composition
00:55:41 5.2 Economic zones
00:59:39 6 Demographics
01:04:42 7 Culture
01:08:09 7.1 Places of interest
01:15:07 8 Religion
01:16:36 8.1 Chinese folk religion and Taoism
01:19:16 8.2 Buddhism
01:22:59 8.3 Islam
01:24:32 8.4 Christianity
01:27:52 9 Media
01:28:02 9.1 Television and radio
01:28:58 9.2 Press
01:30:14 10 Sports
01:30:23 10.1 Events
01:33:29 10.2 Venues
01:34:25 10.3 Clubs
01:35:12 11 Transportation
01:35:41 11.1 Rail and high-speed rail
01:38:49 11.2 Roads and expressways
01:42:31 11.3 Air
01:45:42 11.4 Public transit
01:48:41 11.5 Taxi
01:50:57 11.6 Bicycles
01:52:38 12 Defence and aerospace
01:54:57 13 Nature and wildlife
01:58:25 14 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.7022696887090343
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-B
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Beijing (, nonstandard ;
Mandarin pronunciation: [pèi.tɕíŋ] (listen)), formerly romanized as Peking, is the capital of the People's Republic of China, the world's third most populous city proper, and most populous capital city. The city, located in northern China, is governed as a municipality under the direct administration of central government with 16 urban, suburban, and rural districts. Beijing Municipality is surrounded by Hebei Province with the exception of neighboring Tianjin Municipality to the southeast; together the three divisions form the Jingjinji metropolitan region and the national capital region of China.Beijing is an important world capital and global power city, and one of the world's leading centers for politics, economy and business, finance, education, culture, innovation and technology, architecture, language, and diplomacy. A megacity, Beijing is the second largest Chinese city by urban population after Shanghai and is the nation's political, cultural, and educational center. It is home to the headquarters of most of China's largest state-owned companies and houses the largest number of Fortune Global 500 companies in the world, as well as the world's four biggest financial institutions. It is also a major hub for the national highway, expressway, railway, and high-speed rail networks. The Beijing Capital International Airport has been the second busiest in the world by passenger traffic since 2010, and, as of 2016, the city's subway network is the busiest and second longest in the world.
Combining both modern and traditional architecture, Beijing is one of the oldest cities in the world, with a rich history dating back three millennia. As the last of the Four Great Ancient Capitals of China, Beijing has been the political center of the country for most of the past eight centuries, and was the largest city in the world by population for much of the second millennium A.D. Encyclopædia Britannica notes that few cities in the world have served for so long as the political headquarters and cultural center of an area as immense as China. With mountains surrounding the inland city on three sides, in addition to the old inner and outer city walls, Beijing was strategically poised and developed to be the residence of the emperor and thus was the perfect location for the imperial capital. The city is renowned for its opulent palaces, temples, parks, gardens, tombs, walls ...
Franciscan | Wikipedia audio article
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Franciscan
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SUMMARY
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The Franciscans are a group of related mendicant religious orders within the Catholic Church, founded in 1209 by Saint Francis of Assisi. These orders include the Order of Friars Minor, the Order of Saint Clare, and the Third Order of Saint Francis. These orders adhere to the teachings and spiritual disciplines of the founder and of his main associates and followers, such as Clare of Assisi, Anthony of Padua, and Elizabeth of Hungary, among many others.Francis began preaching around 1207 and traveled to Rome to seek approval from Pope Innocent III in 1209 to form a new religious order. The original Rule of Saint Francis approved by the Pope disallowed ownership of property, requiring members of the order to beg for food while preaching. The austerity was meant to emulate the life and ministry of Jesus Christ. Franciscans traveled and preached in the streets, while boarding in church properties. Saint Clare, under Francis's guidance, founded the Poor Clares (Order of Saint Clare) in 1212, which remains a Second Order of the Franciscans. The extreme poverty required of members was relaxed in the final revision of the Rule in 1223. The degree of observance required of members remained a major source of conflict within the order, resulting in numerous secessions.The Order of Friars Minor, previously known as the Observant branch, is one of the three Franciscan First Orders within the Catholic Church, the others being the Conventuals (formed 1517) and Capuchins (1520). The Order of Friars Minor, in its current form, is the result of an amalgamation of several smaller orders completed in 1897 by Pope Leo XIII. The latter two, the Capuchin and Conventual, remain distinct religious institutes within the Catholic Church, observing the Rule of Saint Francis with different emphases. Conventual Franciscans are sometimes referred to as minorites or greyfriars because of their habit. In Poland and Lithuania they are known as Bernardines, after Bernardino of Siena, although the term elsewhere refers to Cistercians instead.
Persecution of Muslims | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Persecution of Muslims
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
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Persecution of Muslims is the religious persecution inflicted upon followers of Islamic faith. This page lists incidents in both medieval and modern history in which Muslim populations have been targeted by non-Muslim groups.
Boxer Rebellion | Wikipedia audio article
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Boxer Rebellion
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
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The Boxer Rebellion (拳亂), Boxer Uprising, or Yihetuan Movement (義和團運動) was an anti-foreign, anti-colonial, and anti-Christian uprising that took place in China between 1899 and 1901, toward the end of the Qing dynasty. They were motivated by proto-nationalist sentiments and by opposition to Western colonialism and the Christian missionary activity that was associated with it.
It was initiated by the Militia United in Righteousness (Yihetuan), known in English as the Boxers, for many of their members had been practitioners of Chinese martial arts, also referred to in the west as Chinese Boxing. The uprising took place against a background that included severe drought and disruption caused by the growth of foreign spheres of influence. After several months of growing violence in Shandong and the North China plain against the foreign and Christian presence in June 1900, Boxer fighters, convinced they were invulnerable to foreign weapons, converged on Beijing with the slogan Support the Qing government and exterminate the foreigners. Foreigners and Chinese Christians sought refuge in the Legation Quarter.
In response to reports of an armed invasion by allied American, Austro-Hungarian, British, French, German, Italian, Japanese, and Russian forces to lift the siege, the initially hesitant Empress Dowager Cixi supported the Boxers and on June 21 issued an Imperial Decree declaring war on the foreign powers. Diplomats, foreign civilians, and soldiers as well as Chinese Christians in the Legation Quarter were detained for 55 days by the Imperial Army of China and the Boxers.
Chinese officialdom was split between those supporting the Boxers and those favoring conciliation, led by Prince Qing. The supreme commander of the Chinese forces, the Manchu General Ronglu (Junglu), later claimed he acted to protect the besieged foreigners. Many officials refused the imperial order to fight against foreigners in their Mutual Protection of Southeast China, because Qing had lost the First Sino-Japanese War five years before.
The Eight-Nation Alliance, after being initially turned back, brought 20,000 armed troops to China, defeated the Imperial Army, and arrived at Peking on August 14, relieving the siege of the Legations. Uncontrolled plunder of the capital and the surrounding countryside ensued, along with the summary execution of those suspected of being Boxers.
The Boxer Protocol of 7 September 1901 provided for the execution of government officials who had supported the Boxers, provisions for foreign troops to be stationed in Beijing, and 450 million taels of silver—approximately $10 billion at 2018 silver prices and more than the government's annual tax revenue—to be paid as indemnity over the course of the next thirty-nine years to the eight nations involved. The Empress Dowager then sponsored a set of institutional and fiscal changes in a failed attempt to save the dynasty.
John Brown on the Jaco Report
Fox 2 News in the Morning and The Jaco Report.
Timeline of Christianity | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Timeline of Christianity
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SUMMARY
=======
The purpose of this timeline is to give a detailed account of Christianity from the beginning of the current era (AD) to the present. Question marks ('?') on dates indicate approximate dates.
The year one is the first year in the Christian calendar (there is no year zero), which is the calendar presently used (in unison with the Gregorian calendar) almost everywhere in the world. Traditionally, this was held to be the year Jesus was born; however, most modern scholars argue for an earlier or later date, the most agreed upon being between 6 BC and 4 BC.
6 Herod Archelaus deposed by Augustus; Samaria, Judea and Idumea annexed as Iudaea Province under direct Roman administration, capital at Caesarea, Quirinius became Legate (Governor) of Syria, conducted Census of Quirinius, opposed by Zealots (JA18, Luke 2:1–3, Acts 5:37)
7-26 Brief period of peace, relatively free of revolt and bloodshed in Iudaea & Galilee
9 Pharisee leader Hillel the Elder dies, temporary rise of Shammai
14-37 Tiberius, Roman Emperor
18-36 Caiaphas, appointed High Priest of Herod's Temple by Prefect Valerius Gratus, deposed by Syrian Legate Lucius Vitellius
19 Jews, Jewish proselytes, astrologers, expelled from Rome
26-36 Pontius Pilate, Prefect (governor) of Iudaea, recalled to Rome by Syrian Legate Vitellius on complaints of excess violence (JA18.4.2)
28 or 29 John the Baptist begins his ministry in the 15th year of Tiberius (Luke 3:1–2), saying: Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is near (Matthew 3:1–2), a relative of Jesus (Luke 1:36), a Nazirite (Luke 1:15), baptized Jesus (Mark 1:4–11), later arrested and beheaded by Herod Antipas (Luke 3:19–20), it's possible that, according to Josephus' chronology, John was not killed until 36 (JA18.5.2)Jesus begins his ministry after his baptism by John and during the rule of Pilate, preaching: Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is near (Matthew 4:12–17). While the historicity of the gospel accounts is questioned to some extent by some critical scholars and non-Christians, the traditional view states the following chronology for his ministry: Temptation, Sermon on the Mount, Appointment of the Twelve, Miracles, Temple Money Changers, Last Supper, Arrest, Trial, Passion, Crucifixion on Nisan 14th (John 19:14,Mark 14:2, Gospel of Peter) or Nisan 15th (Synoptic Gospels), entombment by Joseph of Arimathea and Nicodemus, Resurrection by God and Resurrection appearances of Jesus to Mary Magdalene and other women (Mark 16:9, John 20:10–18), Simon Peter (Luke 24:34), and others, (1Cor.15:3–9), Great Commission, Ascension, Second Coming Prophecy to fulfill the rest of Messianic prophecy such as the Resurrection of the dead, the Last Judgment, and establishment of the Kingdom of God and the Messianic Age.
Manhattan Town Hall event with Dennis Speed and Elliot Greenspan
July 30, 2016 Manhattan Town Hall event with Dennis Speed and Elliot Greenspan. Due to a technical error, audio of the event begins at 7:50, however the full transcript is available here:
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