Guatemala/Lake Atitlán (Beautiful) Part 8
Welcome to my travelchannel.On my channel you can find almost 1000 films of more than 70 countries. See the playlist on my youtube channel.Enjoy!
Guatemala/Lake Atitlán :
Lake Atitlán (Lago de Atitlán) is a large endorheic lake (one that does not flow to the sea) in the Guatemalan Highlands. Atitlan is recognized to be the deepest lake in Central America with maximum depth about 340 meters. The lake is shaped by deep escarpments which surround it and by three volcanoes on its southern flank. Lake Atitlan is further characterized by towns and villages of the Maya people. Lake Atitlán is about 50 kilometres (31 mi) west-northwest of Antigua. Lake Atitlán should not be confused with Lake Amatitlán. Lake Amatitlán is located about 65 kilometres (40 mi) southeast of Lake Atitlán and 16 kilometres (10 mi) southeast of Antigua. Lake Atitlán is much larger than Lake Amatitlán.
At the water is the meaning of Atitlan. It is a fusion of simple Nahuatl words that belies the complexity of the entity it identifies. German explorer Alexander von Humbolt is the earliest prominent foreigner generally quoted as calling it the most beautiful lake in the world.
The lake is volcanic in origin, filling an enormous caldera formed in an eruption 84,000 years ago. It is renowned as one of the most beautiful lakes in the world, and Aldous Huxley famously wrote of it: Lake Como, it seems to me, touches on the limit of permissibly picturesque, but Atitlán is Como with additional embellishments of several immense volcanoes. It really is too much of a good thing.The lake basin supports extensive coffee growth and a variety of farm crops, most notably corn. Other significant agricultural products include onions, beans, squash, tomatoes, cucumbers, garlic, chile verde, strawberries, avocados and pitahaya fruit. The lake itself is rich in animal life which provides a significant food source for the largely indigenous population.
Culture
The lake is surrounded by many villages, in which Maya culture is still prevalent and traditional dress is worn. The Maya people of Atitlán are predominantly Tz'utujil and Kaqchikel. During the Spanish conquest of the Americas, the Kaqchikel initially allied themselves with the invaders to defeat their historic enemies the Tz'utujil and Quiché Maya, but were themselves conquered and subdued when they refused to pay tribute to the Spanish.
Santiago Atitlán is the largest of the lakeside communities, and is noted for its worship of Maximón, an idol formed by the fusion of traditional Mayan deities, Catholic saints and conquistador legends. The institutionalized effigy of Maximón is under the control of a local religious brotherhood and resides in various houses of its membership during the course of a year, being most ceremonially moved in a grand procession during Semana Santa. Several towns in Guatemala have similar cults, most notably the cult of San Simón in Zunil.
While Maya culture is predominant in most lakeside communities, the largest town on the shores, Panajachel, has been overwhelmed over the years by tourists. It attracted many hippies in the 1960s, and although the war caused many foreigners to leave, the end of hostilities in 1996 saw visitor numbers boom again, and the town's economy is almost entirely reliant on tourism today.
Several Mayan archaeological sites have been found at the lake. Sambaj, located approximately 55 feet below the current lake level, appears to be from at least the pre-classic period.
There are remains of multiple groups of buildings, including one particular group of large buildings that are believed to be the city center.
A second site, Chiutinamit, where the remains of a city were found, was discovered by local fishermen who noticed what appeared to be a city underwater.During consequent investigations, pottery shards were recovered from the site by divers, which enabled the dating of the site to the late pre-classic period (600 B.C. - 250 A.D.).
A project titled Underwater archeology in the Lake Atitlán. Sambaj 2003 Guatemala was recently approved by the Government of Guatemala in cooperation with Fundación Albenga and the Lake Museum in Atitlán. Because of the concerns of a private organization as is the Lake Museum in Atitlán the need to start the exploration of the inland waters in Guatemala was analyzed.
There is no road that circles the lake. Communities are reached by boat or roads from the mountains that may have brief extensions along the shore. Santa Cruz La Laguna and Jaibalito can only be reached by boat. Santa Catarina Palopó and San Antonio Palopó are linked to Panajachel. Main places otherwise are Santa Clara La Laguna and San Pedro La Laguna in the West, Santiago Atitlán in the South, and San Lucas Tolimán in the East.Wikipedia
Guatemala-Panajachel (Beautiful Lake Atitlan) Part 9
Welcome to my travelchannel.On my channel you can find almost 1000 films of more than 70 countries.
See the playlist on my youtube channel.Enjoy!
Guatemala-Panajachel :
Lake Atitlán (Lago de Atitlán) is a large endorheic lake (one that does not flow to the sea) in the Guatemalan Highlands. Atitlan is recognized to be the deepest lake in Central America with maximum depth about 340 meters. The lake is shaped by deep escarpments which surround it and by three volcanoes on its southern flank. Lake Atitlan is further characterized by towns and villages of the Maya people. Lake Atitlán is about 50 kilometres (31 mi) west-northwest of Antigua. Lake Atitlán should not be confused with Lake Amatitlán. Lake Amatitlán is located about 65 kilometres (40 mi) southeast of Lake Atitlán and 16 kilometres (10 mi) southeast of Antigua. Lake Atitlán is much larger than Lake Amatitlán.
At the water is the meaning of Atitlan. It is a fusion of simple Nahuatl words that belies the complexity of the entity it identifies. German explorer Alexander von Humbolt is the earliest prominent foreigner generally quoted as calling it the most beautiful lake in the world.
The lake is volcanic in origin, filling an enormous caldera formed in an eruption 84,000 years ago. It is renowned as one of the most beautiful lakes in the world, and Aldous Huxley famously wrote of it: Lake Como, it seems to me, touches on the limit of permissibly picturesque, but Atitlán is Como with additional embellishments of several immense volcanoes. It really is too much of a good thing.The lake basin supports extensive coffee growth and a variety of farm crops, most notably corn. Other significant agricultural products include onions, beans, squash, tomatoes, cucumbers, garlic, chile verde, strawberries, avocados and pitahaya fruit. The lake itself is rich in animal life which provides a significant food source for the largely indigenous population.
Culture
The lake is surrounded by many villages, in which Maya culture is still prevalent and traditional dress is worn. The Maya people of Atitlán are predominantly Tz'utujil and Kaqchikel. During the Spanish conquest of the Americas, the Kaqchikel initially allied themselves with the invaders to defeat their historic enemies the Tz'utujil and Quiché Maya, but were themselves conquered and subdued when they refused to pay tribute to the Spanish.
Santiago Atitlán is the largest of the lakeside communities, and is noted for its worship of Maximón, an idol formed by the fusion of traditional Mayan deities, Catholic saints and conquistador legends. The institutionalized effigy of Maximón is under the control of a local religious brotherhood and resides in various houses of its membership during the course of a year, being most ceremonially moved in a grand procession during Semana Santa. Several towns in Guatemala have similar cults, most notably the cult of San Simón in Zunil.
While Maya culture is predominant in most lakeside communities, the largest town on the shores, Panajachel, has been overwhelmed over the years by tourists. It attracted many hippies in the 1960s, and although the war caused many foreigners to leave, the end of hostilities in 1996 saw visitor numbers boom again, and the town's economy is almost entirely reliant on tourism today.
Several Mayan archaeological sites have been found at the lake. Sambaj, located approximately 55 feet below the current lake level, appears to be from at least the pre-classic period.
There are remains of multiple groups of buildings, including one particular group of large buildings that are believed to be the city center.
A second site, Chiutinamit, where the remains of a city were found, was discovered by local fishermen who noticed what appeared to be a city underwater.During consequent investigations, pottery shards were recovered from the site by divers, which enabled the dating of the site to the late pre-classic period (600 B.C. - 250 A.D.).
A project titled Underwater archeology in the Lake Atitlán. Sambaj 2003 Guatemala was recently approved by the Government of Guatemala in cooperation with Fundación Albenga and the Lake Museum in Atitlán. Because of the concerns of a private organization as is the Lake Museum in Atitlán the need to start the exploration of the inland waters in Guatemala was analyzed.
There is no road that circles the lake. Communities are reached by boat or roads from the mountains that may have brief extensions along the shore. Santa Cruz La Laguna and Jaibalito can only be reached by boat. Santa Catarina Palopó and San Antonio Palopó are linked to Panajachel. Main places otherwise are Santa Clara La Laguna and San Pedro La Laguna in the West, Santiago Atitlán in the South, and San Lucas Tolimán in the East.
Cho Ukayib’al (mirada profunda) - #ElijoDignidad
En Guatemala el exterminio continúa. En medio de un contexto electoral sin esperanza, se alza la voz de la dignidad, la voz de las mujeres que defendemos la vida. Vamos naciendo al sol, vamos organizando la esperanza, vamos escribiendo nuestro futuro. Hoy y siempre #ElijoDignidad
Realizado por elijodignidad.org
Música original de Rebeca Lane
ૐ The Yoga Forest & Kula Collective - Yoga Teacher Trainings!
**Special Discount Code STILLNESS valid for all Yoga Teacher Training Courses (YTTC) with the Kula Collective!**
Study Meditation & Yoga in an atmosphere conducive to your inner excavations!
The Yoga Forest ( is a unique Conscious Living Retreat Center overlooking the mystical Lago De Atitlán in Guatemala. Offering several in depth Yoga Teacher Trainings a year at Yoga Alliance Certified 200hr & 300hr levels you will transform your learning and understanding of Yoga and Spiritual practice to a whole new level.
In-depth ancient and modern Yogic & Eastern Philosophy, Yoga Psychology, Therapeutics, Methodology, Artful Sequencing and Asana Analysis; Nāda, Sound Healing, Mantra & Bhakti Yoga; Yoga Nidra, Pranayama and Integrated Breath-work; Ecstatic Dance, Cacao Ceremonies and Satya Circles and Construct your Meditation Practice for beginners or advanced students with holistic practice and concise guidance.
our house in Nena San Julian Eastern Samar
a tour around the house.. Lala learning to play the keyboard.. this is the last day of our May 2009 summer vacation.. we really had a great time!!
Tens of thousands of motorcyclists join pilgrimage in Guatemala
About 40,000 motorcyclists hit the streets to take part in a pilgrimage to the Cristo Negro (Black Christ) Basilica in Guatemala.
Spanish conquest of Petén | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Spanish conquest of Petén
00:02:38 1 Geography
00:04:50 1.1 Climate
00:06:12 2 Petén before the conquest
00:09:44 3 Background to the conquest
00:11:41 4 Impact of Old World diseases
00:12:52 5 Weaponry and armour
00:14:02 5.1 Native weaponry
00:16:01 6 Strategies and tactics
00:18:53 7 Cortés in Petén
00:21:43 8 Prelude to conquest
00:22:50 8.1 Missions in southern Petén
00:28:21 9 Conquest of the central lakes
00:29:47 9.1 Early 17th century
00:32:42 9.1.1 Spanish setbacks in the 1620s
00:36:27 9.2 Late 17th century
00:37:14 9.2.1 Spanish–Itza diplomatic contacts, 1695
00:40:38 9.2.2 García de Paredes' entry from Yucatán, March–April 1695
00:42:06 9.2.3 Díaz de Velasco and Cano's entry from Verapaz, March–April 1695
00:43:46 9.2.3.1 First skirmish
00:45:25 9.2.3.2 Second skirmish
00:47:47 9.2.3.3 Retreat to Guatemala
00:49:27 9.2.4 García de Paredes' entry from Yucatán, May 1695
00:53:41 9.2.4.1 Skirmish at Chunpich
00:54:44 9.2.4.2 Reinforcements
00:55:45 9.2.5 Avendaño's entry from Yucatán, June 1695
00:59:46 9.2.6 San Buenaventura among the Kejache, September–November 1695
01:02:13 9.2.7 Avendaño's entry from Yucatán, December 1695 – January 1696
01:05:40 9.2.8 Battle at Ch'ich', 2 February 1696
01:10:19 9.2.9 Amésqueta's entry from Verapaz, February–March 1696
01:12:13 9.2.9.1 Amésqueta's attempt to locate Díaz de Velasco
01:14:54 9.2.9.2 Fate of Díaz de Velasco's expedition
01:16:39 9.2.9.3 Aftermath of Amésqueta's entry
01:17:49 9.3 Fall of Nojpetén
01:18:29 9.3.1 Final preparations
01:20:39 9.3.2 Assault on Nojpetén
01:23:42 9.3.3 Aftermath
01:25:45 10 Final years of conquest
01:28:35 10.1 Reductions around Lake Petén Itzá
01:30:12 11 Legacy of the conquest
01:31:54 12 Historical sources
01:34:28 13 Archaeology
01:35:01 14 Notes
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Spanish conquest of Petén was the last stage of the conquest of Guatemala, a prolonged conflict during the Spanish colonisation of the Americas. A wide lowland plain covered with dense rainforest, Petén contains a central drainage basin with a series of lakes and areas of savannah. It is crossed by several ranges of low karstic hills and rises to the south as it nears the Guatemalan Highlands. The conquest of Petén, a region now incorporated into the modern republic of Guatemala, climaxed in 1697 with the capture of Nojpetén, the island capital of the Itza kingdom, by Martín de Ursúa y Arizmendi. With the defeat of the Itza, the last independent and unconquered native kingdom in the Americas fell to European colonisers.
Sizeable Maya populations existed in Petén before the conquest, particularly around the central lakes and along the rivers. Petén was divided into different Maya polities engaged in a complex web of alliances and enmities. The most important groups around the central lakes were the Itza, the Yalain and the Kowoj. Other groups with territories in Petén included the Kejache, the Acala, the Lakandon Ch'ol, the Xocmo, the Chinamita, the Icaiche and the Manche Ch'ol.
Petén was first penetrated by Hernán Cortés with a sizeable expedition that crossed the territory from north to south in 1525. In the first half of the 16th century, Spain established neighbouring colonies in Yucatán to the north and Guatemala to the south. Spanish missionaries laid the groundwork for the extension of colonial administration in the extreme south of Petén from 1596 onwards, but no further Spanish entry of central Petén took place until 1618 and 1619 when missionaries arrived at the Itza capital, having travelled from the Spanish town of Mérida in Yucatán.
In 1622 a military expedition set out from Yucatán led by Captain Francisco de Mirones and accompanied by Franciscan friar Diego Delgado; this expedition was a disaster, and the Spanish were massacred by the Itza. In 1628 the Manche Ch'ol of the south were placed under the administration of the colonial governor of Verapaz within the Captaincy ...
Spanish conquest of Guatemala | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Spanish conquest of Guatemala
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Spanish conquest of Guatemala was a protracted conflict during the Spanish colonization of the Americas, in which Spanish colonisers gradually incorporated the territory that became the modern country of Guatemala into the colonial Viceroyalty of New Spain. Before the conquest, this territory contained a number of competing Mesoamerican kingdoms, the majority of which were Maya. Many conquistadors viewed the Maya as infidels who needed to be forcefully converted and pacified, disregarding the achievements of their civilization. The first contact between the Maya and European explorers came in the early 16th century when a Spanish ship sailing from Panama to Santo Domingo was wrecked on the east coast of the Yucatán Peninsula in 1511. Several Spanish expeditions followed in 1517 and 1519, making landfall on various parts of the Yucatán coast. The Spanish conquest of the Maya was a prolonged affair; the Maya kingdoms resisted integration into the Spanish Empire with such tenacity that their defeat took almost two centuries.Pedro de Alvarado arrived in Guatemala from the newly conquered Mexico in early 1524, commanding a mixed force of Spanish conquistadors and native allies, mostly from Tlaxcala and Cholula. Geographic features across Guatemala now bear Nahuatl placenames owing to the influence of these Mexican allies, who translated for the Spanish. The Kaqchikel Maya initially allied themselves with the Spanish, but soon rebelled against excessive demands for tribute and did not finally surrender until 1530. In the meantime the other major highland Maya kingdoms had each been defeated in turn by the Spanish and allied warriors from Mexico and already subjugated Maya kingdoms in Guatemala. The Itza Maya and other lowland groups in the Petén Basin were first contacted by Hernán Cortés in 1525, but remained independent and hostile to the encroaching Spanish until 1697, when a concerted Spanish assault led by Martín de Ursúa y Arizmendi finally defeated the last independent Maya kingdom.
Spanish and native tactics and technology differed greatly. The Spanish viewed the taking of prisoners as a hindrance to outright victory, whereas the Maya prioritised the capture of live prisoners and of booty. The indigenous peoples of Guatemala lacked key elements of Old World technology such as a functional wheel, horses, iron, steel, and gunpowder; they were also extremely susceptible to Old World diseases, against which they had no resistance. The Maya preferred raiding and ambush to large-scale warfare, using spears, arrows and wooden swords with inset obsidian blades; the Xinca of the southern coastal plain used poison on their arrows. In response to the use of Spanish cavalry, the highland Maya took to digging pits and lining them with wooden stakes.
Myanmar in bici con tre burloni. Sergio Borroni & friends. Yangoon to Bagan.
Il Myanmar, un tempo conosciuto come Birmania, è un paese davvero meraviglioso. Da poco è aperto , anche se con delle limitazioni per alcune zone, al turismo. E' un paese ancora non contaminato dal turismo di massa e meraviglioso da visitare. Ci sono posti davvero che meritano da soli una visita in Myanmar, come il lago Inle , la citta di Bagan ( o Pagan ) Mandalay e molti altri. E' un paese ricco di sorprese naturalistiche e di grande tradizione storica e religiosa. Il paese è buddista e permeato dalla cultura buddista . Interessante il libro piu grande del mondo, il sacro testo del Tripitaka, inciso su tavole di marmo nella pagoda di Kuthodaw. E anche se le strade sono in cattive condizioni val la pena visitarlo sopratutto con i tempi lenti del viaggiare in bici. Quanto segue è il racconto , un po burlone come al solito, del viaggio fatto con Armando Lanaro e mio cugino Marco Borroni del gruppo “Age is not a limit” ! Il video è visibile anche in 4K per chi ha connessione veloce. Se vi piace mettete un like :-) English subtitles .riprese fatte con lumix gh5 , dji mavic e sony x3000
Spanish conquest of the Maya | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Spanish conquest of the Maya
00:02:50 1 Geography
00:06:17 2 Maya region before the conquest
00:06:39 2.1 Yucatán
00:09:34 2.2 Maya Highlands
00:10:59 2.3 Pacific lowlands
00:11:33 3 Background to the conquest
00:12:30 4 Weaponry, strategies and tactics
00:14:03 4.1 Spanish weapons and tactics
00:16:18 4.2 Native weapons and tactics
00:18:03 5 Impact of Old World diseases
00:20:51 6 First encounters: 1502 and 1511
00:23:00 7 Exploration of the Yucatán coast, 1517–1519
00:23:13 7.1 Francisco Hernández de Córdoba, 1517
00:26:39 7.2 Juan de Grijalva, 1518
00:28:43 7.3 Hernán Cortés, 1519
00:30:36 8 Preparations for conquest of the Highlands, 1522–1523
00:31:41 9 Soconusco, 1523–1524
00:32:50 10 Hernán Cortés in the Maya lowlands, 1524–25
00:35:12 11 Fringes of empire: Belize, 16th–17th centuries
00:36:14 12 Conquest of the Maya Highlands, 1524–1526
00:36:27 12.1 Subjugation of the K'iche', 1524
00:39:21 12.2 Kaqchikel alliance and conquest of the Tz'utujil, 1524
00:41:32 12.3 Reconnaissance of the Chiapas Highlands, 1524
00:43:30 12.4 Kaqchikel rebellion, 1524–1530
00:44:41 12.5 Siege of Zaculeu, 1525
00:47:06 12.6 Pedro de Alvarado in the Chiapas Highlands, 1525
00:48:05 12.7 Central and eastern Guatemalan Highlands, 1525–1532
00:51:00 13 Francisco de Montejo in Yucatán, 1527–28
00:54:39 14 Conquest of the Chiapas Highlands, 1527–1547
00:56:19 14.1 Diego Mazariegos, 1528
00:58:46 14.2 Rebellion in the Chiapas Highlands, 1528
01:00:46 14.3 Founding of Ciudad Real, Chiapa, 1531–1535
01:02:21 14.4 Establishment of the Dominicans in Chiapa, 1545–1547
01:04:03 15 Francisco de Montejo and Alonso d'Avila, Yucatán 1531–35
01:08:01 15.1 Conflict at Champoton
01:08:58 16 San Marcos: Province of Tecusitlán and Lacandón, 1533
01:09:49 17 Campaigns in the Cuchumatanes and Lacandon Forest
01:10:42 17.1 Eastern Cuchumatanes, 1529–1530
01:13:19 17.2 Western Cuchumatanes and Lacandon Forest, 1529–1686
01:16:22 17.3 Conquest of the Lakandon, 1695–1696
01:18:20 18 Land of War: Verapaz, 1537–1555
01:21:06 19 Conquest and settlement in northern Yucatán, 1540–46
01:24:35 20 Southern lowlands, 1618–97
01:25:16 20.1 Early 17th century
01:28:18 20.2 Late 17th century
01:31:12 20.2.1 Franciscan expeditions, September 1695 – January 1696
01:32:44 20.2.2 February–March 1696
01:34:30 20.2.3 Assault on Nojpetén
01:36:01 21 Final years of conquest
01:38:08 22 Legacy of the Spanish conquest
01:39:45 23 Historical sources
01:43:41 24 Notes
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Spanish conquest of the Maya was a protracted conflict during the Spanish colonisation of the Americas, in which the Spanish conquistadores and their allies gradually incorporated the territory of the Late Postclassic Maya states and polities into the colonial Viceroyalty of New Spain. The Maya occupied a territory that is now incorporated into the modern countries of Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras and El Salvador; the conquest began in the early 16th century and is generally considered to have ended in 1697.
The conquest of the Maya was hindered by their politically fragmented state. Spanish and native tactics and technology differed greatly. The Spanish engaged in a strategy of concentrating native populations in newly founded colonial towns; they viewed the taking of prisoners as a hindrance to outright victory, whereas the Maya prioritised the capture of live prisoners and of booty. Among the Maya, ambush was a favoured tactic; in response to the use of Spanish cavalry, the highland Maya took to digging pits and lining them with wooden stakes. Native resistance to the new nucleated settlements took the form of the flight into inaccessible regions such as the forest or joining neighbouring Maya groups that had not yet submitted to the European conquerors. Spanish weaponry included broadswords, rapiers, lances, pikes, halberds, crossbows, matchlocks and light artillery. Maya warriors fought with flint-tipp ...
Guatemala | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Guatemala
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Guatemala ( (listen) GWAH-tə-MAH-lə; Spanish: [gwateˈmala]), officially the Republic of Guatemala (Spanish: República de Guatemala), is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west, Belize and the Caribbean to the northeast, Honduras to the east, El Salvador to the southeast and the Pacific Ocean to the south. With an estimated population of around 16.6 million, it is the most populated country in Central America. Guatemala is a representative democracy; its capital and largest city is Nueva Guatemala de la Asunción, also known as Guatemala City.
The territory of modern Guatemala once formed the core of the Maya civilization, which extended across Mesoamerica. Most of the country was conquered by the Spanish in the 16th century, becoming part of the viceroyalty of New Spain. Guatemala attained independence in 1821 as part of the Federal Republic of Central America, which dissolved by 1841.
From the mid to late 19th century, Guatemala experienced chronic instability and civil strife. Beginning in the early 20th century, it was ruled by a series of dictators backed by the United Fruit Company and the United States government. In 1944, authoritarian leader Jorge Ubico was overthrown by a pro-democratic military coup, initiating a decade-long revolution that led to sweeping social and economic reforms. A U.S.-backed military coup in 1954 ended the revolution and installed a dictatorship.From 1960 to 1996, Guatemala endured a bloody civil war fought between the US-backed government and leftist rebels, including genocidal massacres of the Maya population perpetrated by the military. Since a United Nations-negotiated peace accord, Guatemala has witnessed both economic growth and successful democratic elections, though it continues to struggle with high rates of poverty, crime, drug trade, and instability. As of 2014, Guatemala ranks 31st of 33 Latin American and Caribbean countries in terms of the Human Development Index.Guatemala's abundance of biologically significant and unique ecosystems includes a large number of endemic species and contributes to Mesoamerica's designation as a biodiversity hotspot.
Guatemala | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Guatemala
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
Guatemala ( ( listen) GWAH-tə-MAH-lə; Spanish: [gwateˈmala]), officially the Republic of Guatemala (Spanish: República de Guatemala), is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west, Belize and the Caribbean to the northeast, Honduras to the east, El Salvador to the southeast and the Pacific Ocean to the south. With an estimated population of around 16.6 million, it is the most populated country in Central America. Guatemala is a representative democracy; its capital and largest city is Nueva Guatemala de la Asunción, also known as Guatemala City.
The territory of modern Guatemala once formed the core of the Maya civilization, which extended across Mesoamerica. Most of the country was conquered by the Spanish in the 16th century, becoming part of the viceroyalty of New Spain. Guatemala attained independence in 1821 as part of the Federal Republic of Central America, which dissolved by 1841.
From the mid to late 19th century, Guatemala experienced chronic instability and civil strife. Beginning in the early 20th century, it was ruled by a series of dictators backed by the United Fruit Company and the United States government. In 1944, authoritarian leader Jorge Ubico was overthrown by a pro-democratic military coup, initiating a decade-long revolution that led to sweeping social and economic reforms. A U.S.-backed military coup in 1954 ended the revolution and installed a dictatorship.From 1960 to 1996, Guatemala endured a bloody civil war fought between the US-backed government and leftist rebels, including genocidal massacres of the Maya population perpetrated by the military. Since a United Nations-negotiated peace accord, Guatemala has witnessed both economic growth and successful democratic elections, though it continues to struggle with high rates of poverty, crime, drug trade, and instability. As of 2014, Guatemala ranks 31st of 33 Latin American and Caribbean countries in terms of the Human Development Index.Guatemala's abundance of biologically significant and unique ecosystems includes a large number of endemic species and contributes to Mesoamerica's designation as a biodiversity hotspot.
History of the Jews in Latin America and the Caribbean | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
History of the Jews in Latin America and the Caribbean
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
The history of the Jews in Latin America began with conversos who joined the Spanish and Portuguese expeditions to the continents. The Spanish permitted only Christians to take part in New World expeditions after its Crown expelled the Jews in 1492.
After the expulsion, many Sephardic Jews migrated to the Netherlands, France and eventually Italy, from where they joined other expeditions to the Americas. Others migrated to England or France and accompanied their colonists as traders and merchants. By the late 16th century, fully functioning Jewish communities were founded in the Portuguese colony of Brazil, the Dutch Suriname and Curaçao; Spanish Santo Domingo, and the English colonies of Jamaica and Barbados. In addition, there were unorganized communities of Jews in Spanish and Portuguese territories where the Inquisition was active, including Colombia, Cuba, Puerto Rico, Mexico and Peru. Many in such communities were crypto-Jews, who had generally concealed their identity from the authorities.
By the mid-17th century, the largest Jewish communities in the Western Hemisphere were located in Suriname and Brazil. Several Jewish communities in the Caribbean, Central and South America flourished, particularly in those areas under Dutch and English control, which were more tolerant. More immigrants went to this region as part of the massive emigration of Jews from eastern Europe in the late 19th century. During and after World War II, many Ashkenazi Jews emigrated to South America for refuge. In the 21st century, fewer than 300,000 Jews live in Latin America. They are concentrated in Argentina, Brazil and Mexico, with the first considered the center of the Jewish population in Latin America.
El milagro del sobador del reparto granmense de Rosa la Bayamesa
Un sobador, curandero que (según las leyendas de provincia) sana a las personas con solo tocarlas.
Stockbusters BV, Apeldoorn NL, Corporate Movie / Bedrijfsfilm Stocklots
Stockbusters BV is a company that specializes in the sale and purchase of remaining stock, stocklots, overstocks, store and warehouse stocks, both inside and outside the Netherlands.
We are a solid company, established in Apeldoorn since 2004 with always 1500 to 2000 pallets goods in our warehouse.
..We always do what we agree on, quickly and without problems..
Stockbusters BV is open on weekdays (Monday to Friday) between 08.30 and 17.00, while on Monday and Wednesday there is the opportunity to pickup goods until 20.30, by appointment.
NL: Groothandel in Resposten, RestantPartijen en Partijtjes, Magazijnopruimingen Opkopers.
Visiting address: Wilmersdorf 12, 7327 AC Apeldoorn, The Netherlands
Contact: Phone +31 (0)6 1538 2856, Fax +31 (0)55 540 3902, WhatsApp +31 615 382 856, Email sales@stockbusters.eu
Website: stockbusters.eu (realtime stocklots available in 22 languages)
Dr. G's Ultimate Health & Wellness Clinic - Short | Burbank, CA
- Call us today at (818) 558-4030. At Dr. G's Ultimate Health & Wellness Clinic, we specialize in chiropractic care, massage therapy, and weight loss. In addition our facility is equipped with nutritional counseling, spinal screenings, and fitness programs. We are located in Burbank and serve the surrounding communities of Glendale and Van Nuys.
1 bed flat to rent in Hall Road, St Johns Wood, NW8, Hampstead | Benham and Reeves Lettings
This large one bedroom apartment is situated in Hamilton House, a residential building close to the amenities of St John's Wood. The property is offered on a furnished basis and spans a vast 7356 sq ft in space. The apartment comprises a bright reception space with an area for dining, wood flooring, and large floor-to-ceiling windows leading out to a private terrace with views over the communal garden. There is a separate kitchen with white goods, appliances and tiled flooring; large double bedroom with built-in mirrored wardrobes which is served by a stylish bathroom featuring tiled walls, large mirror, storage cabinets, fitted shower and chrome fixtures and fittings. Other benefits include a concierge services at Hamilton House.
Read more at:
Copyright © Benham & Reeves Residential Lettings
Vau de Vire Society Hungry March Band Lincoln Center
Vau de Vire Society Hungry March Band Lincoln Center
Texas | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Texas
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Texas (, locally ; Spanish: Texas or Tejas [ˈtexas]) is the second largest state in the United States by both area and population. Geographically located in the South Central region of the country, Texas shares borders with the U.S. states of Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the west, and the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas to the southwest, while the Gulf of Mexico is to the southeast.
Houston is the most populous city in Texas and the fourth largest in the U.S., while San Antonio is the second-most populous in the state and seventh largest in the U.S. Dallas–Fort Worth and Greater Houston are the fourth and fifth largest metropolitan statistical areas in the country, respectively. Other major cities include Austin, the second-most populous state capital in the U.S., and El Paso. Texas is nicknamed The Lone Star State to signify its former status as an independent republic, and as a reminder of the state's struggle for independence from Mexico. The Lone Star can be found on the Texas state flag and on the Texan state seal. The origin of Texas's name is from the word taysha, which means friends in the Caddo language.Due to its size and geologic features such as the Balcones Fault, Texas contains diverse landscapes common to both the U.S. Southern and Southwestern regions. Although Texas is popularly associated with the U.S. southwestern deserts, less than 10% of Texas's land area is desert. Most of the population centers are in areas of former prairies, grasslands, forests, and the coastline. Traveling from east to west, one can observe terrain that ranges from coastal swamps and piney woods, to rolling plains and rugged hills, and finally the desert and mountains of the Big Bend.
The term six flags over Texas refers to several nations that have ruled over the territory. Spain was the first European country to claim the area of Texas. France held a short-lived colony. Mexico controlled the territory until 1836 when Texas won its independence, becoming an independent Republic. In 1845, Texas joined the union as the 28th state. The state's annexation set off a chain of events that led to the Mexican–American War in 1846. A slave state before the American Civil War, Texas declared its secession from the U.S. in early 1861, and officially joined the Confederate States of America on March 2 of the same year. After the Civil War and the restoration of its representation in the federal government, Texas entered a long period of economic stagnation.
Historically four major industries shaped the Texas economy prior to World War II: cattle and bison, cotton, timber, and oil. Before and after the U.S. Civil War the cattle industry, which Texas came to dominate, was a major economic driver for the state, thus creating the traditional image of the Texas cowboy. In the later 19th century cotton and lumber grew to be major industries as the cattle industry became less lucrative. It was ultimately, though, the discovery of major petroleum deposits (Spindletop in particular) that initiated an economic boom which became the driving force behind the economy for much of the 20th century. With strong investments in universities, Texas developed a diversified economy and high tech industry in the mid-20th century. As of 2015, it is second on the list of the most Fortune 500 companies with 54. With a growing base of industry, the state leads in many industries, including agriculture, petrochemicals, energy, computers and electronics, aerospace, and biomedical sciences. Texas has led the U.S. in state export revenue since 2002, and has the second-highest gross state product. If Texas were a sovereign state, it would be the 10th largest economy in the world.