Shaanxi Folk Art Museum in Xi’an, China, Chinese Folk Architecture, Chinese rural architecture
Guanzhong Folk Art Museum integrates the function of collecting and preserving and protecting the stone carvings, wood carvings, brick carvings from the Zhou Dynasty, the Qin Dynasty, the Han Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty and the tools and relics in the central Shaanxi plain region. With more than 40 dwellings from the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty, this museum collected the intangible cultural heritages such as opera, work shop and traditional customs. From different levels, these collections reveal the history of the local people from the perspective of art, aesthetics, work, living, tradition and peculiarities in different periods of time.
The Guanzhong Folk Museum in Xian
To know more Xian history and culture!
Chinese Ming and Qing Dynasty traditional architectures and folk art
Guan Zhong folk Art Museum first which is located in a village at the foot of a mountain in xi'an China. GuanZhong, which means the central part of ShaanXi Province. This is a rather large museum, where the owner collects more than 40 entire home-estates or complete buildings with countless art and cultural items from local area and re-assembles and displays them in the village. It is the most authentic historic Chinese architectural spot where the buildings from Ming and Qing periods were survived from the bulldozers and transported stone by stone to this area and reconstructed. You will be guided through part of the some 40 acres of the village and walk in and out of many old buildings, each with a long history.
Laoqiang Opera （华阴老腔）
In Laoqiang Opera （华阴老腔）, one of the earliest forms of opera in China, the artists roar rather than sing, reflecting northwest China's simple folkways.
This was recorded in Guanzhong Folk Custom Art Museum, the first non-government owned museum specializing in the preservation of folk art in China. It is located in Wutai Town, Chang'an District, Xi'an, at the north foot of South Wutai Mountain.
The museum is home to the display of an eclectic collection of more than 33,600 items. The museum houses some forty ancient residences of Ming and Qing styles moved and relocated here. The over 100 year old yard contains a rich collection of brick, stone and wooden carvings originally made by skilled craftsmen.
Laoqiang Opera rocks!
This performance was filmed at the Guanzhong Folk Art Museum in Wutai town, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province. Laoqiang opera is one of the oldest forms of opera in China with its roots dating back to the early Han Dynasty.
journeysintime Journeys in Time 07/02/2013 THE GUANZHONG FOLK ART MUSEUM PART 1
China Daily - Travel Junket - Episode 4
In this installment the group visits the Terracotta Warrior Museum and the Guanzhong Folk Art Museum, both located just outside Xi'an, the capital city of Shaanxi Province.
Xian Tour-Terracotta warriors tour-(http://www.chinatourhighlights.com)
1: Xian one day Panda Tour
Tour Schedule:
See pandas in natural zoo
Time: 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM
Meeting Place: Hotel lobby
Package Tour Price: $ 100/pp (min-2 pax)
Tour Including: Entrance fees, Van, Guide, Lunch in local farmer's restaurant
Or just Van and guide service: $150/group
2: Xian one day Cultural Tour
Tour Schedule:
1. Mt. Louguan-Laozi Daosim Temple
2. Guanzhong Folk Arts Museum
Time: 9:00 AM to 6:00 PM
Meeting Place: Hotel lobby
Tour Price: $ 100/pp(min-2 pax)
Tour Including: Entrance fees, Van, Guide, Lunch in local farmer's restaurant
Or just Van and guide service: $150/group
3: Xian one day Mt. Huashan Tour
Tour Schedule:
Five Peaks of Mt. Huashan
Time: 8:00 AM to 8:00 PM
Meeting Place: Hotel lobby
Tour price: $ 150/pp (min-2 pax)
Tour Including: Entrance fees, cable car, Van, Guide
Or just Van and guide service: $200/group
4: Xian one day West-line Tour
Tour Schedule:
1. Han Yangling-mini warriors
2. Qianling Mausoleum and Princess Yongtai's Tomb
3. Famen Temple
Time: 8:00 AM to 8:00 PM
Meeting Place: Hotel lobby
Tour price: $ 150/pp (min-2 pax)
Tour Including: Entrance fees, Van, Guide, Lunch in local farmer's restaurant
Or just Van and guide service: $200/group
5: Xian one day City Tour
Tour Schedule:
1. City Wall-bike-riding
2. Big Wild Goose Pagoda
3. Mosque and Muslim street
Time: 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM
Meeting Place: Hotel lobby
Tour Price: $ 80/pp (min-2 pax)
Tour Including: Entrance fees, Van, Guide, Lunch in local muslim restaurant
Or just Van and guide service: $80/group
6: Xian one day East-line Tour
Tour Schedule:
1. Banpo Neolithic village
2. Terra-cotta warriors
3. Local farmer caves
Time: 9:00 AM to 6:00 PM
Meeting Place: Hotel lobby
Tour Price: $ 100/pp (min-2 pax)
Tour Including: Entrance fees, Van, Guide, Lunch in local farmer's restaurant
Or just Van and guide service: $120/group
7: Airport picking and sending:
Car : 250 Yuan/one way Van: 300 Yuan/one way
High speed train station picking and sending: Car: 220 Yuan/one way Van: 280 Yuan/one way
8: Xian One Day Local Art Study Tour
Tour Schedule:
Huxian County: Farmer Painting, paper-cutting study, Cooking study.
Time: 9:00 AM to 3:00 PM
Meeting Place: Hotel Lobby
1: Package tour price: $100/pp (min-2 pax)
Tour Including: Entrance fees, Van, Guide, Lunch in local farmer's restaurant
2: Van and guide service: $150/group (min-2 pax)
First Guanzhong Cultural Fair features folk art
CCTV reports on the First Guanzhong Cultural Fair.
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Chinese artist Zhang Daqian tops 2016 art auction sales
Chinese painter Zhang Daqian, who died in 1983, generated the highest amount of auction sales last year. His traditional paintings went for almost $355 mln, $31 million more than pictures by Picasso, according to French database Artprice, the world’s biggest resource for art prices and sales. Alongside Zhang, two other Chinese artists made it onto the list of last year’s five best-sellers -- watercolorist Qi Baishi and “father” of Chinese contemporary art Wu Guanzhong. But what is driving this trend? And what might the global art market look like in the future? On The Point host Liu Xin is joined by Paul Dong, co-founder of EVER-infinity Asia Limited, Katharine Burnett, associate professor of Chinese Art and Culture at the University of California and Jason Kuo, professor of Chinese Art History and Archaeology at the University of Maryland.
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journeysintime Journeys in Time 07/05/2013 MOUNT SONGSHAN PART 1
Fine Arts - Wu Daozi - The Daoist Official of Earth - Flowering Offering Hymn
Wu Daozi (AD 680 - c. 760) was one of the masters of the seventh century, Tang dynasty. Few of his works survive, as he specialized in murals in Buddist and Daoist temples.
Huang Yongyu 黃永玉 (1924) Woodblock Prints Ink Paintings Chinese
tonykwk39@gmail.com
Internationally acclaimed Chinese painting master Huang Yongyu is known for his woodblock prints, ink paintings and literary works. A multi-talented man, Huang has published poems, essays, novels, screenplays and photo albums. Born in 1924 in Fenghuang, Hunan Province, Huang never went to a regular art school but he had talent and worked hard. He studied art and literature by himself and learnt from friends, society and life. Perhaps this is why he shows such initiative and vitality in his works without any set pattern.
When he was young, Huang was famous for his prints, which used bold lines and an unconstrained style. Until the 1960s he devoted himself mainly to woodcuts. The period from the late 1950s to the middle 1960s marked the golden age of his woodcuts. His color woodcut prints, such as Ahshima and Spring Tide, were pleasant surprises to fellow artists with their strong folk flavor, pronounced ethnic characteristics and refreshing style.
Since the 1970s, Huang has produced an abundance of colored ink paintings depicting landscapes, flowers and birds using freehand techniques. There are also human figures and scenes with humorous messages or historical allusions. His fresh themes, bold strokes and dripping colors combine to make an original style in contemporary Chinese painting; while his unique style of using traditional Chinese painting techniques helped contribute to his fame. His caricatures and canvas paintings are also recognized as excellent.
Plum blossoms and water lilies are two major subjects of Huang's work and he has made up to 8,000 images depicting water lilies. Besides paintbrushes, Huang also uses branches, his fingers and dry pulp as painting tools. He paints with amazing speed and confidence. His folk works are particularly popular in other countries. He has held exhibitions in France, Germany and Italy, Norway, Australia, China, Hong Kong, Japan and Southeast Asia. He was granted the highest honor award "Commander of the Order" in Italy, confirming his status overseas. On August 24, 2008, he was granted the "Olympic Art Award" by the International Olympic Committee to acknowledge his contribution to arts and cultural development.
Compare to his illustrations and ink painting, Huang had a late start on sculpture. From now on, he wishes to sculpt the rest of his life. He believes sculpture is completely different from literature and art, and he sees bronze casting as a different kind of enjoyment. Huang has created numerous large outdoor sculptures depicting women and animals, creating sculptures that are lively, humourous and unique.
黃永玉，筆名黃杏檳、黃牛、牛夫子，土家族，湖南鳳凰人。擅長版畫、彩墨畫。曾在香港從事木刻創作活動，任長城電影公司劇本特邀撰寫人，香港《新晚報》畫頁編輯，1953年後任中央美術學院教授。中國美術家協會常務理事、副主席、顧問。作品有《春潮》、《百花》、《人民總理人民愛》、《阿詩瑪》。巨幅畫有《雀墩》、《墨荷》等。 1986年榮獲意大利總統授予的意大利共合國騎士勳章。出版有《黃永玉木刻集》、《黃永玉畫集》等。
自學美術，文學，為一代“鬼才”。由於黃家兄弟眾多、十三歲時便外出當學徒謀生，受盡人間辛酸。但黃永玉性格倔強，在顛沛流漓的生涯中艱苦讀書、習文作畫， 後在香港為報紙搞版畫插圖，以聰慧的靈感闖入了美術宮殿的大門。一九五二年由香港回北京，被安排在中央美術學院工作。先後擔任副教授、教授、中國美術家協 會副主席。黃永玉早期對木刻造詣頗深，卓有成就，1956年 就出版過《黃永玉木刻集》，其代表作“春潮”、“阿詩瑪”，曾轟動了中國畫壇。其中國畫荷花在形態、風韻，色彩上獨具一格。同時黃永玉有很高的文學功底也 是個幽默家，其雜文集《罐齋雜記》、《力求嚴肅認真的思考》、《芥末居雜記》，散文《太陽下的風景》等影響較大。有“鬼才”之說。
黃永玉是一位頗具傳奇色彩的人。有人說他小時候是藝術神童，版畫、油畫、國畫、雕塑等均無師自通；有人說他曾是弘一法師的三個方外弟子之一，得其真傳而練就 了靈性十足的書法。但是如果仔細研讀他的書，用心賞析他的畫，並且有機會與他敘談的話，神奇的色彩褪去後，人們更多體會到的會是他深厚淵博的學識、卓而不群的才情、耿直倔強的性格、睿智風趣的談吐和筆耕不輟的勤奮。
黃永玉筆下的荷花是具有獨特風格的，它們沒有給人那種非常清高、出世的感覺，而是一種很絢麗、很燦爛的氣質。他曾開玩笑說荷花從哪兒長的，從污泥裡面長的，什麼是污泥呢？就是土地摻了水的那個叫做污泥，是充滿養料的那種土。黃永玉被稱為“荷痴”，不單是緣於他畫的荷花多，還在於他畫的荷花獨樹一幟，神韻盎然。國畫傳統講究“計白當黑”，他偏偏來個“以黑顯白”，這種反向繼承不但使畫面看上去主體突出，色彩斑斕，而且顯得非常厚重，有力度。
Three Kingdoms | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Three Kingdoms
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Three Kingdoms (220–280) was the tripartite division of China between the states of Wei (魏), Shu (蜀), and Wu (吳). It started with the end of the Han dynasty and was followed by the Jin dynasty. The term Three Kingdoms is something of a misnomer, since each state was eventually headed not by a king, but by an emperor who claimed suzerainty over all China. Nevertheless, the term Three Kingdoms has become standard among sinologists. To further distinguish the three states from other historical Chinese states of similar names, historians have added a relevant character: Wei is also known as Cao Wei (曹魏), Shu is also known as Shu Han (蜀漢), and Wu is also known as Dong (or Eastern) Wu (東吳).
Academically, the period of the Three Kingdoms refers to the period between the foundation of the state of Wei in AD 220 and the conquest of the state of Wu by the Jin dynasty in 280. The earlier, unofficial part of the period, from 184 to 220, was marked by chaotic infighting between warlords in various parts of China. The middle part of the period, from 220 to 263, was marked by a more militarily stable arrangement between three rival states of Wei, Shu, and Wu. The later part of the era was marked by the conquest of Shu by Wei (263), the usurpation of Wei by the Jin dynasty (266), and the conquest of Wu by the Jin (280).
The Three Kingdoms period is one of the bloodiest in Chinese history. A nationwide census taken in AD 280, following the reunification of the Three Kingdoms under the Jin shows a total of 2,459,840 households and 16,163,863 individuals which was only a fraction of the 10,677,960 households, and 56,486,856 individuals reported during the Han era. While the census may not have been particularly accurate due to a multitude of factors of the times, the Jin in AD 280 did make an attempt to account for all individuals where they could.Technology advanced significantly during this period. Shu chancellor Zhuge Liang invented the wooden ox, suggested to be an early form of the wheelbarrow, and improved on the repeating crossbow. Wei mechanical engineer Ma Jun is considered by many to be the equal of his predecessor Zhang Heng. He invented a hydraulic-powered, mechanical puppet theatre designed for Emperor Ming of Wei, square-pallet chain pumps for irrigation of gardens in Luoyang, and the ingenious design of the south-pointing chariot, a non-magnetic directional compass operated by differential gears.Although relatively short, this historical period has been greatly romanticized in the cultures of China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam. It has been celebrated and popularized in operas, folk stories, novels and in more recent times, films, television, and video games. The best known of these is Luo Guanzhong's Romance of the Three Kingdoms, a Ming dynasty historical novel based on events in the Three Kingdoms period. The authoritative historical record of the era is Chen Shou's Records of the Three Kingdoms, along with Pei Songzhi's later annotations of the text.
Shaanxi | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Shaanxi
00:01:30 1 Name
00:02:43 2 History
00:04:14 2.1 Pre-historic site
00:04:42 3 Geography
00:06:45 4 Administrative divisions
00:07:14 4.1 Urban areas
00:07:22 5 Politics
00:08:23 6 Economy
00:09:32 6.1 Economic and technological development zones
00:09:43 6.1.1 Baoji Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone
00:10:24 6.1.2 Shaanxi Xi'an Export Processing Zone
00:11:25 6.1.3 Western Triangle
00:11:55 6.1.4 Xi'an Economic & Technological Development Zone
00:12:25 6.1.5 Xi'an High-tech Industrial Development Zone
00:13:04 6.1.6 Xi'an Software Park
00:14:00 6.1.7 Yangling Agriculture Hi-Tech Industrial Zone
00:14:29 7 Demographics
00:15:00 7.1 Religion
00:15:55 8 Culture
00:16:13 9 Tourism
00:17:11 10 Media
00:17:38 11 Education
00:17:47 11.1 Universities and colleges
00:17:57 12 Sports
00:18:25 13 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Shaanxi (pinyin: Shǎnxī; Mandarin pronunciation: [ʂàn.ɕí] (listen); formerly romanised as Shensi) is a province of the People's Republic of China. Officially part of the Northwest China region, it lies in central China, bordering the provinces of Shanxi (NE, E), Henan (E), Hubei (SE), Chongqing (S), Sichuan (SW), Gansu (W), Ningxia (NW), and Inner Mongolia (N). It covers an area of over 205,000 km2 (79,151 sq mi) with about 37 million people. Xi'an – which includes the sites of the former Chinese capitals Fenghao and Chang'an – is the provincial capital. Xianyang, which served as the Qin dynasty capital, is located nearby. The other prefecture-level cities into which the province is divided are Ankang, Baoji, Hanzhong, Shangluo, Tongchuan, Weinan, Yan'an and Yulin.
Shaanxi comprises the Wei Valley and much of the surrounding fertile Loess Plateau, stretching from the Qin Mountains and Shannan in the south to the Ordos Desert in the north. Along with areas of adjacent Shanxi and Henan provinces, it formed the cradle of Chinese civilization, with its Guanzhong region sheltering the capitals of the Zhou, Han, Jin, Sui, and Tang dynasties in addition to the Qin. It does not include the full territory of the Yellow River's Ordos Loop, with the Great Wall of China separating it from the grasslands and deserts of Inner Mongolia.
Tarim Basin | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Tarim Basin
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Tarim Basin is an endorheic basin in northwest China occupying an area of about 1,020,000 km2 (390,000 sq mi). Located in China's Xinjiang region, it is sometimes used synonymously to refer the southern half of the province, or Nanjiang (Chinese: 南疆; pinyin: Nánjiāng; literally: Southern Xinjiang), as opposed to the northern half of the province known as Dzungaria or Beijiang. Its northern boundary is the Tian Shan mountain range and its southern boundary is the Kunlun Mountains on the edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The Taklamakan Desert dominates much of the basin. The historical Uyghur name for the Tarim Basin is Altishahr (六域), which means six cities in Uyghur.
Shaanxi | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:33 1 Name
00:05:12 2 History
00:07:13 2.1 Pre-historic site
00:07:50 3 Geography
00:10:35 4 Administrative divisions
00:11:13 4.1 Urban areas
00:11:22 5 Politics
00:12:42 6 Economy
00:14:16 6.1 Economic and technological development zones
00:14:28 6.1.1 Baoji Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone
00:15:21 6.1.2 Shaanxi Xi'an Export Processing Zone
00:16:42 6.1.3 Western Triangle
00:17:19 6.1.4 Xi'an Economic and Technological Development Zone
00:18:08 6.1.5 Xi'an High-tech Industrial Development Zone
00:19:01 6.1.6 Xi'an Software Park
00:20:14 6.1.7 Yangling Agriculture Hi-Tech Industrial Zone
00:20:52 7 Demographics
00:21:32 7.1 Religion
00:22:46 8 Culture
00:23:08 9 Tourism
00:24:26 10 Media
00:25:02 11 Education
00:25:12 11.1 Tertiary education
00:25:22 12 Sports
00:25:59 13 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.7543708424877892
Voice name: en-GB-Wavenet-C
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Shaanxi (Chinese: 陝西; pinyin: Shǎnxī; Mandarin pronunciation: [ʂàn.ɕí] (listen); alternately Shensi) is a landlocked province of the People's Republic of China. Officially part of the Northwest China region, it lies in central China, bordering the provinces of Shanxi (NE, E), Henan (E), Hubei (SE), Chongqing (S), Sichuan (SW), Gansu (W), Ningxia (NW), and Inner Mongolia (N).
Shaanxi covers an area of over 205,000 km2 (79,151 sq mi) with about 37 million people, the 16th highest in China. Xi'an – which includes the sites of the former Chinese capitals Fenghao and Chang'an – is the capital and largest city in the province. Xianyang, which served as the Qin dynasty capital, is located nearby. The other prefecture-level cities into which the province is divided are Ankang, Baoji, Hanzhong, Shangluo, Tongchuan, Weinan, Yan'an and Yulin.
Shaanxi comprises the Wei Valley and much of the surrounding fertile Loess Plateau, stretching from the Qin Mountains and Shannan in the south to the Ordos Desert in the north. Along with areas of adjacent Shanxi and Henan provinces, it formed the cradle of Chinese civilization, with its Guanzhong region sheltering the capitals of the Zhou, Han, Jin, Sui, and Tang dynasties in addition to the Qin. It does not include the full territory of the Yellow River's Ordos Loop, with the Great Wall of China separating it from the grasslands and deserts of Inner Mongolia.
The vast majority of the population of Shaanxi is Han Chinese. Mandarin is mainly spoken in Shaanxi, including Zhongyuan Mandarin and Southwestern Mandarin; another variety of Chinese, Jin, is also spoken.
Shaanxi is China's 15th largest economy, ranking within the middle among China's administrative divisions. The fossil fuel and high technology sectors compose the two largest industries in Shaanxi province. The high technology sector includes aircraft and aerospace industries, and Shaanxi produces more than 50% of the R&D and manufacturing equipment for the country's domestic commercial air industry.Xi'an, the capital of Shaanxi is one of the oldest cities in China, and the oldest of the Four Great Ancient Capitals. Since the 1990s, as part of the economic revival of inland China especially for the central and northwest regions, the city of Xi'an has re-emerged as an important cultural, industrial and educational centre of Shaanxi and the central-northwest region. It is the most populous city in Northwest China.
Xinjiang | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:53 1 Names
00:08:44 2 Description
00:12:21 3 History
00:12:30 3.1 Early history
00:21:32 3.2 Islamisation of Xinjiang
00:23:20 3.3 Mongol period
00:27:11 3.4 Qing dynasty
00:31:47 3.5 Republic of China
00:35:25 3.6 Modern China (People's Republic of China)
00:40:45 4 Administrative divisions
00:42:02 4.1 Urban areas
00:42:11 5 Geography and geology
00:42:57 5.1 Mountain systems and basins
00:45:10 5.2 Geology
00:45:52 5.3 Center of the continent
00:47:05 5.4 Rivers and lakes
00:49:10 5.5 Time
00:50:09 5.6 Deserts
00:50:33 5.7 Major cities
00:51:22 5.8 Climate
00:52:50 5.9 Bordering regions
00:53:00 6 Politics
00:55:43 6.1 Human rights
00:57:59 7 Economy
00:59:48 7.1 Agriculture and fishing
01:02:23 7.2 Mining and minerals
01:03:13 7.3 Foreign trade
01:04:18 7.4 Economic and Technological Development Zones
01:06:37 8 Culture
01:06:46 9 Demographics
01:13:56 9.1 Vital statistics
01:14:05 9.2 Religion
01:15:46 9.3 Media
01:17:01 10 Sports
01:17:42 11 Transportation
01:17:52 11.1 Roads
01:20:16 11.2 Rail
01:22:50 12 East Turkestan independence movement
01:25:34 13 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.795545654784253
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-B
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
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Xinjiang (Uyghur: شىنجاڭ; SASM/GNC: Xinjang; Chinese: 新疆; pinyin: Xīnjiāng formerly romanized as Sinkiang), officially the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR), is a provincial-level autonomous region of China in the northwest of the country. It is the largest Chinese administrative division and the eighth largest country subdivision in the world, spanning over 1.6 million km2 (640,000 square miles). Xinjiang contains the disputed territory of Aksai Chin, which is administered by China and claimed by India. Xinjiang borders the countries of Mongolia (Bayan-Ölgii, Khovd and Govi-Altai Provinces), Russia (Altai Republic), Kazakhstan (East Kazakhstan and Almaty Provinces), Kyrgyzstan (Issyk Kul, Naryn and Osh Regions), Tajikistan (Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region), Afghanistan (Badakhshan Province), Pakistan (Gilgit-Baltistan), and India (Jammu and Kashmir). The rugged Karakoram, Kunlun, and Tian Shan mountain ranges occupy much of Xinjiang's borders, as well as its western and southern regions. Xinjiang also borders Tibet Autonomous Region and the provinces of Gansu and Qinghai. The most well-known route of the historical Silk Road ran through the territory from the east to its northwestern border. In recent decades, abundant oil and mineral reserves have been found in Xinjiang, and it is currently China's largest natural gas-producing region.
It is home to a number of ethnic groups, including the Uyghur, Han, Kazakhs, Tibetans, Hui, Tajiks, Kyrgyz, Mongols, Russians and Xibe. More than a dozen autonomous prefectures and counties for minorities are in Xinjiang. Older English-language reference works often refer to the area as Chinese Turkestan. Xinjiang is divided into the Dzungarian Basin in the north and the Tarim Basin in the south by a mountain range. Only about 9.7% of Xinjiang's land area is fit for human habitation.With a documented history of at least 2,500 years, a succession of people and empires have vied for control over all or parts of this territory. The territory came under the rule of the Qing dynasty in the 18th century, which was later replaced by the Republic of China government. Since 1949, it has been part of the People's Republic of China following the Chinese Civil War. In 1954, Xinjiang Bingtuan was set up to strengthen the border defense against the Soviet Union, and also promote the local economy. In 1955, Xinjiang was turned into an autonomous region from a province. In the last decades, the East Turkistan independent movement, separatist conflict and the influence of radical Islam have both resulted in unrest in the region, with occasional terrorist attacks and cla ...
Three Kingdoms | Wikipedia audio article
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Three Kingdoms
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- Socrates
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The Three Kingdoms (220–280) was the tripartite division of China between the states of Wei (魏), Shu (蜀), and Wu (吳). It started with the end of the Han dynasty and was followed by the Jin dynasty. The term Three Kingdoms is something of a misnomer, since each state was eventually headed not by a king, but by an emperor who claimed suzerainty over all China. Nevertheless, the term Three Kingdoms has become standard among sinologists. To further distinguish the three states from other historical Chinese states of similar names, historians have added a relevant character: Wei is also known as Cao Wei (曹魏), Shu is also known as Shu Han (蜀漢), and Wu is also known as Dong (or Eastern) Wu (東吳).
Academically, the period of the Three Kingdoms refers to the period between the foundation of the state of Wei in AD 220 and the conquest of the state of Wu by the Jin dynasty in 280. The earlier, unofficial part of the period, from 184 to 220, was marked by chaotic infighting between warlords in various parts of China. The middle part of the period, from 220 to 263, was marked by a more militarily stable arrangement between three rival states of Wei, Shu, and Wu. The later part of the era was marked by the conquest of Shu by Wei (263), the usurpation of Wei by the Jin dynasty (266), and the conquest of Wu by the Jin (280).
The Three Kingdoms period is one of the bloodiest in Chinese history. A nationwide census taken in AD 280, following the reunification of the Three Kingdoms under the Jin shows a total of 2,459,840 households and 16,163,863 individuals which was only a fraction of the 10,677,960 households, and 56,486,856 individuals reported during the Han era. While the census may not have been particularly accurate due to a multitude of factors of the times, the Jin in AD 280 did make an attempt to account for all individuals where they could.Technology advanced significantly during this period. Shu chancellor Zhuge Liang invented the wooden ox, suggested to be an early form of the wheelbarrow, and improved on the repeating crossbow. Wei mechanical engineer Ma Jun is considered by many to be the equal of his predecessor Zhang Heng. He invented a hydraulic-powered, mechanical puppet theatre designed for Emperor Ming of Wei, square-pallet chain pumps for irrigation of gardens in Luoyang, and the ingenious design of the south-pointing chariot, a non-magnetic directional compass operated by differential gears.Although relatively short, this historical period has been greatly romanticized in the cultures of China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam. It has been celebrated and popularized in operas, folk stories, novels and in more recent times, films, television, and video games. The best known of these is Luo Guanzhong's Romance of the Three Kingdoms, a Ming dynasty historical novel based on events in the Three Kingdoms period. The authoritative historical record of the era is Chen Shou's Records of the Three Kingdoms, along with Pei Songzhi's later annotations of the text.