Nigun Atik | Satmar Hasids | Jewish folk tune
Antique nigun Atik of Satmar Hasids. Jewish folk melody from Transcarpathia. Photo: Jews of Mukachevo, Transcarpathian (Zakarpattia) region of westernmost Ukraine, postcard from 1900. Nigun means melody / tune in Hebrew. Music by Unknown (not sure who performs). Ashkenazi Jewish culture of Ukraine. Name Ashkenaz (means Germany in modern Hebrew) comes from Ashkuza, Assyrian term for Scythia, geographic Ukraine. In the past term Ashkenaz had much broader meaning and denoted nearly the entire northern Europe. Prior to the Holocaust, what is now Ukraine was home to 2 millions Askenazi Jews (that is half of the population of modern Israel). The bulk (a good half) of western Ukrainian Jews perished in Belzec extermination camp (now in Poland, just next to Ukraine´s border) during winter 1942 / 43, while the most of central Ukrainian Jews were executed on spots (Holocaust by bullets) by German einsatzkommando group C. Nevertheless, at the collapse of Soviet Union in 1991, Ukraine was home to 400.000 Jews, nearly half of them moved to Israel or the west in 1990s. Very likely, current Ukrainian president Poroshenko is of Jewish paternal descent (Waltzman), the same applies to paternal lineage of Tymoshenko (Kapitelman). Both from south Ukrainian / Bessarabian Jewry. The currents Ukraine´s minister of regional development Groysman is also of Jewish ethnicity (Podolian Jews), just as former chief of Football Association of Ukraine (Surkis), many parlamentaries, former Odesa mayor (Gurwitz) and many inflential industrialists and bankers (Kolomoyski, Pinchuk etc.). Russia´s second richest man Vekselberg is also Ukrainian Jew (from west Ukraine, born and grew up in Dorohobych). Chief of US Federal Reserve Ben Bernanke´s family too originates from Boryslav, west Ukraine just as Barbara Streisand´s grandfather was Jewish immigrant from Berezhany, west Ukraine. The only other prominent European president who had (at least half) Jewish descent was Sarkozy of France. England also had a Jewish prime minister Benjamin Disraeli (from Venice Jews) in the 19th century, who was perhaps the most famous Jewish Christian, who said that if not Christ nobody would knew even about the Jews. Luckily, Holocaust bypassed Jews in England (Germany didnt manage to invade UK - mainly the merit of British Air Force).
Ще у 19 сторіччі в повіті Сату Маре (Satmar) жили українці греко-католики. Ще в 1930-их pp. тут було 10 греко-католицьких парохій з церковно-слов'янською богослужбовою мовою (тепер зрумунізовані або зугорщені). ПІДТРИМАЙ УКРАЇНСЬКЕ! SUPPORT MY PROJECT THROUGH PATREON:
Jewish Galicia and Bukovina Association
This film describes the activities of the Jewish Galicia and Bukovina association, preserving Jewish cultural heritage in Eastern Europe.
Estudio en Ucrania
Estudio en Ucrania
Rico de la cultura y de la historia, con impresionantes sitios arquitectónicos y un paisaje ideal para el senderismo, Ucrania es un lugar maravilloso para pasar sus estudios en el extranjero. Usted recibirá una verdadera educación de alta calidad con el apoyo de tha hecho de que Ucrania produce realmente el cuarto mayor número de graduados de post-secundaria en Europa.
Ucrania le da la bienvenida a un país de spiring culure y especialidades gastronómicas. La educación de calidad superior y estudios de postgrado junto pistas de esquí, ríos salvajes, enormes montañas y grandes llanuras de colores por la hierba de oro. Combinando su educación con las aventuras de toda la vida, Ucrania le dará experiencia para recordar durante mucho tiempo.
El Sistema Educativo de Ucrania
Generel educación secundaria en Ucrania es obligatoria para todos los niños a través de las escuelas estatales. Desde 2005 la escuela secundaria tiene una duración de 12 años, a partir de los seis años. Para el final de la escuela secundaria todos los estudiantes ucranianos tienen (Pruebas de gobierno independiente) de IGT, estos se utilizan entonces para aplicar para un programa de educación superior o curso en una universidad o tal.
La educación superior en Ucrania
Libre, el estado financia la educación superior se proporciona de forma competative, así como la educación superior no financiado privado. El idioma de enseñanza es generalmente ucraniano o ruso.
Universidades ucranianas ofrecen ambos programas de Bachelor Degree de 4 años y los programas de Posgrado de 5-6 años. Estos grados se enseñan ambos y adjudicarán de acuerdo con el proceso de Bolonia, en el que Ucrania participa.
La escala de calificación utilizado en universidades de Ucrania llega a 1-5, 5 significa “excelente” y 1-2 que significa “inaceptable”, por lo tanto, una calificación reprobatoria. Esta escala de 5 puntos se utiliza junto con una escala de 1 a 100 en el que está clasificado como un rendimiento de los estudiantes, este último es fácilmente transferible a la escala de 5 puntos.
Estudios de Postgrado en Ucrania
Al entrar en los estudios de posgrado existen dos niveles. El Kandidat Nauk es la primera, más o menos equivalente a un doctorado grado, a acheive que los estudiantes deben aprobar tres exámenes de calificación, publicar al menos tres artículos científicos y escribir una tesis y defenderla.
El segundo nivel es el título de Doctor Nauk logrado después de estudiar por un período de 2-4 años con buenos resultados en la investigación científica y en publicaciones. El promedio de tiempo entre la obtención aunque Kandidat o doctor grados es de alrededor de 10 años y la mayoría de los médicos tienen más de 40 años de edad.
Aventuras de Ucrania
Las muchas aventuras que atraen a todo Ucrania están bien vale la pena tomar un breve descanso de ustedes estudios. Le ofrece a Usted es everythign de esquí y rafting en el río a la exploración de cuevas y senderismo de montaña.
Esquiar en Ucrania es bastante barato y hay varias carreras steeps para elegir en las estaciones de esquí de Bukovel, Dragobrat y Slavsko. si eres un esquiador experimentado en busca de algo más que simplemente no puede perder la oportunidad de un viaje de esquí organizado o campamento. Estos viajes son similares a excursiones de senderismo que le llevarán a algunos de los mejores sitios para esquiar en Ucrania, lugares a los que nunca se habrían encontrado sin giude.
El rafting es otro deporte de aventura muy apreciada en Ucrania. El río más conocido es el Bug del Sur del río, conocida en todo el mundo por sus rápidos ecxellent y la impresionante belleza. Sentado al lado de una balsa inflable usted haga buches por los ríos ucranianos llenos de adrenalina, la deja con una experiencia de toda una vida.
Orphan graduates talking about independent life!
Orphanage graduates talk about life after they leave state-run institutions. Orphans' Future Foundation is supporting such youth and provide all needed resources to help them live successful adult life. Please donate to continue to change lives of a hundred teens and youth who are facing the reality of independendent life with no family support.
Нічия земля / Terra Nullis
Реж. Джеміль Альхаов
Сімферополь, 10'
Кримський татарин Мухтерем повертається на батьківщину з Узбекистану, куди 1944 року вислали його батьків. Але там він змушений жити незаконно, побудувавши дім на пустирі.
Director: Jemil Alhaov
Simferopol, 10’
A Crimean Tatar Muhterem returns to his homeland from Uzbekistan where his parents were deported back in 1944. But he is forced to reside there illegallyin a house built on a barren.
Crimean–Nogai raids into East Slavic lands | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Crimean–Nogai raids into East Slavic lands
00:02:38 1 Causes
00:02:47 1.1 Economic factors
00:03:55 1.2 Political factors
00:04:41 2 Military
00:04:49 2.1 The theater of war
00:08:12 2.2 Tactics
00:10:08 3 The fate of the captives
00:10:17 3.1 On the steppe
00:12:06 3.2 In Crimea and Turkey
00:15:41 4 Resistance to the raids
00:15:51 4.1 Russia
00:16:18 4.2 Poland–Lithuania
00:17:06 5 In folk culture
00:17:49 6 Historians on the Tatar raids
00:18:34 7 List of raids
00:18:43 7.1 Outline
00:20:37 7.2 1480–1506
00:34:18 7.3 1507–1570
00:59:11 7.4 1571–1599
01:15:51 7.5 1600–1648
01:48:24 7.6 Wars 1648-1709
01:50:13 7.7 1648-1655: Khmelnitsky Uprising
02:03:20 8 1657-1663 Vyhovsky and the Poles
02:10:13 8.1 1665–1678
02:48:46 8.2 1677–1699
03:03:13 8.3 1700–1769
03:13:00 9 See also
03:13:17 10 Sources
03:13:57 11 Notes
03:14:05 12 External links
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
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The Crimean-Nogai raids were slave raids carried out by the Khanate of Crimea and by the Nogai Horde into the region of Rus' then controlled by the Grand Duchy of Moscow (until 1547), by the Tsardom of Russia (1547-1721), by the Russian Empire (1721 onwards) and by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1569). These raids began after Crimea became independent about 1441 and lasted until the peninsula came under Russian control in 1774.Their main purpose was the capture of slaves, most of whom were exported to the Ottoman slave markets in Constantinople or elsewhere in the Middle East. The raids were an important drain of the human and economic resources of eastern Europe. They largely inhabited the settlement of the Wild Fields – the steppe and forest-steppe land which extends from a hundred or so miles south of Moscow to the Black Sea and which now contains most of the Russian and Ukrainian population. The raids also played an important role in the development of the Cossacks.Estimates of the number of people involved vary: according to Alan W. Fisher the number of people deported from the Slavic lands on both sides of the border during the 14th to 17th centuries was about 3 million. Michael Khodarkhovsky estimates that 150,000 to 200,000 people were abducted from Russia in the first 50 years of the 17th century.The first major Tatar raid for slaves occurred in 1468 and was directed into Galicia. Crimean Khan Devlet I Giray even managed to burn down Moscow during the 1571 campaign. The last raid into Hungary by the Crimean Tatars took place in 1717. In 1769 a last major Tatar raid, which took place during the Russo-Turkish War, saw the capture of 20,000 slaves.
What made the wild field so forbidding were the Tatars. Year after year, their swift raiding parties swept down on the towns and villages to pillage, kill the old and frail, and drive away thousands of captives to be sold as slaves in the Crimean port of Kaffa, a city often referred to by Russians as the vampire that drinks the blood of Rus'...For example, from 1450 to 1586, eighty-six raids were recorded, and from 1600 to 1647, seventy. Although estimates of the number of captives taken in a single raid reached as high as 30,000, the average figure was closer to 3000...In Podilia alone, about one-third of all the villages were devastated or abandoned between 1578 and 1583.
June 1943
The greatest conflict the world has known to date lasted from 1 September 1939 to 2 September 1945 when Japan signed the surrender. Six years, 2,190 days, in which the world lived through a terrible war which completely changed the system of alliances of the different countries and the way of life of millions of their inhabitants. In this series the most important events of those fateful 2,190 days are narrated in two-minute blocks, day by day.