Places to see in ( Mantova - Italy ) Castello San Giorgio
Places to see in ( Mantova - Italy ) Castello San Giorgio
The castle of San Giorgio is one of the most representative monuments of the city of Mantua and is part of the Reggia dei Gonzaga. Built on the ruins of the church of Santa Maria di Capo di Bove from 1395 and completed in 1406 on commission of Francesco I Gonzaga and designed by Bartolino da Novara , the castle of San Giorgio is a square-shaped building consisting of four corner towers and surrounded by a moat with three doors and relative drawbridges , aimed at defending the city.
The architect Luca Fancelli , in 1459 on the recommendation of the Marquis Ludovico III Gonzaga , who freed the rooms of the Corte Vecchia for the Council promoted by Pius II , restructured the castle that definitively lost its primitive military and defensive function. For many years the manor house was the residence of Isabella d'Este , wife of Francesco II Gonzaga , one of the most famous noblewomen of the Renaissance . Isabella wanted at the court numerous artists and humanists of the time, such as Andrea Mantegna , Perugino , Leonardo da Vinci , Ludovico Ariosto andBaldassarre Castiglione , making Mantua one of the major European courts and artistic and literary center. In the prisons of the castle the condottiere Paolo Vitelli was closed again in 1496 , taken prisoner by Francesco II Gonzaga. The castle, along with other adjacent buildings, remains the prince's residence for about a century, until the time when Guglielmo Gonzaga will move his apartments into the restored Old Court.
In 1810 the Tyrolean patriot Andreas Hofer was imprisoned in the prisons of the manor before being executed. Starting from 1815 with the Austrian occupation of the city, the castle became the maximum security prison in which the opponents were closed. From 1852 in the castle were enclosed the Martyrs of Belfiore and some patriots attached to them ( Ciro Menotti , Teresa Arrivabene ). The earthquake of Emilia in 2012 caused structural damage to the building.
The rooms of the castle :
Sala dei Soli , located on the ground floor and embellished with frescoes of the fifteenth century , was transformed by Giulio Romano in 1531 and then by Giovan Battista Bertani
Sala degli Stemmi , which is accessed by a spiral staircase
Salone degli Affreschi , parallel to the Sala degli Stemmi
Sala delle Sigle , Isabella d'Este's wedding room
Saletta della Grotta , part of the Isabella d'Este apartment in the castle
Sala delle Armi , in which Giulio Romano painted 12 heraldic crests
Chapel of the castle , built by Bertani in 1563
Middle Room
Hall of the Frieze
Sala delle Cappe , with a barrel vault
Sala dello Zodiaco , with traces of paintings by Giulio Romano , where Pietro Frattini , one of the Martyrs of Belfiore and Ciro Menotti , was held prisoner
Camera degli Sposi .
The Camera Picta (Camera degli Sposi), a wonderful room on the main floor of the north-eastern tower of the castle of San Giorgio, is the work of Andrea Mantegna . The Mantegna has made it over a period of nine years, from 1465 (date engraved on the wall) to 1475 (date engraved on the commemorative plaque at the entrance of the hall), and readjusted the narrow space of the cubic room with vaults on lunettes in a succession of reality and fiction giving the environment an en plein air atmosphere (thus giving an idea of being in a false loggia). The space of each wall of the room was divided by the artist into three openingsthat transmit to the spectator, through wide arches, bucolic landscapes and curtains moved by the wind a strong antithesis with the reduced architectural environment. The frescoes have been made either dry (north wall, this technique allows a meticulous care of details) or fresh (south wall, the fresco obliges the painter to opt for a more synthetic taste). There are two painted scenes depicting members of the Gonzaga family , the Scene of the Encounter and the Scene of the Court . With them Mantegna pays tribute to the patrons that so many clients have procured for him. In the room, you can not stand more than 5-10 minutes because (using the technique of dry painting) the humidity and the exhaled air
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