Washington, D.C United States. History, Economy, Climate
Washington, D.C. is the capital of the United States of America. Washington, D.C. formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington or D.C. Washington was named after George Washington, first President of the United States and Founding Father. The City of Washington was founded in 1791 to serve as the new national capital. The city hosts 177 foreign embassies as well as the headquarters of many international organizations, trade unions, non-profit, lobbying groups, and professional associations.
LOCATION
Washington, D.C., is located in the mid-Atlantic region of the U.S. East Coast. Due to the District of Columbia retrocession, the city has a total area of 68.34 square miles. The District is bordered by Montgomery County, Maryland, to the northwest; Prince George's County, Maryland, to the east; and Arlington and Alexandria, Virginia, to the south and west.
The south bank of the Potomac River forms the District's border with Virginia and has two major tributaries: the Anacostia Riverand Rock Creek.
HISTORY
On July 9, 1790, Congress passed the Residence Act, which approved the creation of a national capital on the Potomac River. The exact location was to be selected by President George Washington, who signed the bill into law on July 16. Formed from land donated by the states of Maryland and Virginia, the initial shape of the federal district was a square measuring 10 miles (16 km) on each side, totaling 100 square miles.
POPULATION
Washington is the 20th largest American city by population. Washington has had a significant African American population since the city's foundation.
CLIMATE
Washington is in the northern part of the humid subtropical climate zone. Winters are usually chilly with light snow, and summers are hot and humid. Winter temperatures average around 38 °F (3 °C) from mid-December to mid-February.
Summers are hot and humid with a July daily average of 79.8 °F (26.6 °C). The combination of heat and humidity in the summer brings very frequent thunderstorms, some of which occasionally produce tornadoes in the area
Spring and fall are mild to warm.
GOVERNMENT
All three branches of the U.S. federal government are centered in the District: U.S. Congress (legislative), President (executive), and the U.S. Supreme Court (judicial).
A locally elected mayor and a 13 member council have governed the District since 1973. However, Congress maintains supreme authority over the city and may overturn local laws. D.C. residents elect a non-voting, at-large congressional delegate to the House of Representatives, but the District has no representation in the Senate. The District receives three electoral votes in presidential elections.
ARCHITECTURE
Washington, D.C., is a planned city. In 1791, President Washington commissioned Pierre (Peter) Charles L'Enfant, a French-born architect and city planner, to design the new capital.
Washington is home to many national monuments and museums, which are primarily situated on or around the National Mall.
By law, Washington's skyline is low and sprawling. The federal Height of Buildings Act of 1910 allows buildings that are no taller than the width of the adjacent street.
Washington Monument, is the District's tallest structure.
ECONOMY
Washington has a growing, diversified economy with an increasing percentage of professional and business service jobs. Many organizations such as law firms, defense contractors, civilian contractors, nonprofit organizations, lobbying firms, trade unions, industry trade groups, and professional associations have their headquarters in or near Washington, D.C., in order to be close to the federal government.
Tourism is Washington's second-largest industry with approximately 18.9 million visitors. Washington is one of the most visited cities in the world, with more than 20 million annual tourists.
The District also hosts nearly 200 foreign embassies and international organizations such as the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the Organization of American States,