Church of St. James, Brno, South Moravian Region, Czech Republic, Europe
Saint James` church is a late Gothic three-nave church situated in James' square (Jakubské náměstí) in the centre of Brno, in Czech Republic. Its history starts in the beginning of the 13th century. The church was categorized as a national monument in 1995. The church was founded for German inhabitants who lived in this part of the town in the 13th century. There is visible the painted heraldry of mother superior from Oslavany Cistercian monastery with the date 1220 on the vault of the presbytery. This date recalls the consecration of the smaller Romanesque church that once stood here before this late Gothic St. James's church and it used to serve Flemish and German colonists. There are no remains of this church. There was a cemetery documented around the church in the 14th century, which was extended bit by bit in the following years. During 1368–1405, some chapels were built around the church and these chapels created a unique urbanistic complex. The oldest one was Saint Morris's chapel from the year 1352, and among others were the chapel of Christ's body (1369), Saint Ursuline's chapel and the Assumption of the Virgin chapel (1413), and the so-called New chapel from the year 1428, Saint Trinity chapel (1463) and Saint Dorothy's chapel, which is in the cemetery (1465). The chapel of Christ's body was marked as being connected to the church. Brno citizens made gifts and bequests to these chapels. They also used to give contributions for building costs; however, the main burden of cost was borne by the Cistercian monastery in Oslavany. This hall church is characterized by a presbytery with an inner polygon, which is obviously the oldest part. There is a big tower standing at the western part of building. The tower has a main entrance door. The antechapel was constructed on the northern side. Late Gothic construction of the parish church started with building up the choir in 1446. The builder in the late 1450s was probably Hans from Brno according to scientific research. The main problem is surely to find out the date when construction began, i.e. the date of establishing the East-oriented presbytery. There is a document about a gift for the construction of the chancel from the year 1469 and the latest research comes with differing opinions as to when construction on the presbytery began. It should date according to documents from the half of the 15th century. This year probably prefers to the finishing of the construction of the chancel. Another opinion puts forth the idea about the earlier construction of the oldest part of the presbytery. This idea is supported by some architectonic details, for example the axial placing of the buttress which recalls Petr Parléř's construction at the Southern hall in Saint Vitus cathedral in Prague and in the presbytery of Saint Bartholomew's in Kolín upon Elbe. Also the structure of the wall profile between the windows and the shape of the window tracery repeats some of Parléř's characteristic motifs and possibly floral ornaments and beautiful gargoyles at the top of the buttresses which are close to work from Parléř's area. It could be hardly made as special kind of historicism in the half of the 15th century. It is possible to consider the origin of the presbytery and so the project of the new church at the end of the 14th century. Norbert Nussbaum pointed out to details of the shaft work, which passes through the windows jambs and the compound piers. It shows knowledge of the forms, which were used in the lodge at the Cathedral of St. Stephan in Vienna, when there was a master Lorenz Spenning. Petr Kroupa, who made research about the history of this church's construction, came to the conclusion that the presbytery was finished in 1473 and there are some similarities with the presbytery at the Church of the Holy Spirit in Heidelberg, where the same vaulting is used in the hall choir gallery. The vault belongs to the area of Swabia net vaults. Petr Kroupa considered Master Hans as a designer of Jacob's choir vault for as much as it was documented (as Meister zu Brünn - Master at Brno) at a stonecutters' meeting in Regensburg in 1459. The antechapel was constructed on the northern side. There is a stone in this antechapel, which is marked by Anton Pilgram's stone sign and written text: 1502 Ist Angela/n/gen dy Seiten (In 1502 they started building of side walls). It is known from documents that Anton Pilgram worked here in 1500 – 1511. Then he went to Vienna to work on the structure of Saint Stephen's Cathedral. In 1515 the finished presbytery was affected by the fire that caused the roof to fall in and it subsequently destroyed all altars. The new main altar was consecrated in 1516. The stone relief called the Lamentation of Christ comes from the year 1518 and the relief of the Crucifixion is from 1519.
Skoro opuštěný hřbitov s kostelem/A nearly abandoned cemetery with a church -URBEX-
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- INFO o objektu Czech:
Kostel v gotickém stylu byl zasvěcen sv. Jiřímu dnes sv. Marka – od roku 1990 kulturní památka,. Dnes se dochovalo pouze kněžistě původně gotického kostela, jehož loď byla roku 1829 stržena, v presbyteriu zachovány gotické fresky a renesanční náhrobky ze 16. století. Roku 1933 přešel kostel velkou opravou, kde však byly poškozeny nástěnné malby, v roce 1986 tam byly přeneseny ostatky rodu Auerspergů z nedalekého zbořeného kostela sv. Anny.
Hřbitov je dnes volně přístupný. Na místě jsou už jen pár udržovaných hrobů. Proč hřbitov s kostelem je tak opuštěn? Nachází se v hodně malé vesnici kousek od města Čáslav. V těsnosti tohoto kostela je velký kamenolom, kde dříve i stál zmiňovaný kostel sv Anny.
- Object INFO English:
The Gothic church was dedicated to St. John the Baptist. To George today. Mark - since 1990 cultural monument ,. Today, only the priest of the originally Gothic church, whose ship was pulled down, preserved the Gothic frescoes and Renaissance tombstones from the 16th century. In 1933, the church underwent a major repairs, but where wall paintings were damaged, in 1986 there were transferred the remains of the Auersperg family from the nearby demolished church of St. Anny.
The cemetery is now freely accessible. There are only a few kept graves on the site. Why is the cemetery with the church so abandoned? It is located in a very small village near the town of Caslav. In the vicinity of this church there is a large stone quarry, where formerly St. Anne's Church stood.
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HISTORICAL PLACES OF CZECH REPUBLIC IN GOOGLE EARTH PART TWO ( 2/6 )
1. CASTLE SPILBERK 49°11'40.03N 16°35'58.26E
2. CASTLE KARLSTEJN 49°56'22.02N 14°11'16.39E
3. ALL SAINTS CHURCH,BOSKOVICE 49°29'27.10N 16°39'46.63E
4. CHURCH OF ST. JOHN OF NEPOMUK,PLZEN 49°44'17.54N 13°22'16.60E
5. FORT WALL,NYMBURK 50°11'11.09N 15° 2'43.35E
6. CITY HALL,LEBEREC 50°46'11.32N 15° 3'30.92E
7. CHURCH OF OUR LADY,PREGUE 50° 5'15.53N 14°25'22.15E
8. RED CHURCH,OLOMOUC 49°35'36.72N 17°14'49.71E
9. ST.GEORGE'S BASILICA,PRAGUE 50° 5'28.03N 14°24'9.17E
10. CHURCH OF SACRED HEART,BRNO 49°12'43.00N 16°37'50.41E
11. CASTLE KUNETICE,HRADISTE 50° 4'48.26N 15°48'46.83E
12. BLACK TOWER,ČESKÉ BUDĚJOVICE 48°58'31.80N 14°28'32.56E
13. BETHLEHEM CHAPEL,PRAGUE 50° 5'3.46N 14°25'3.69E
14. ST.STEPHEN CHURCH,KVILDA 49° 1'8.91N 13°34'47.13E
15. QUEEN ANNE'S SUMMER PALACE,PRAGUE 50° 5'37.34N 14°24'18.84E
16. BUILDING MALINOVSKY SQUARE,BRNO 49°11'44.40N 16°36'46.97E
17. CHURCH OF SACRED HEART,PRAGUE 50° 4'40.90N 14°27'2.99E
18. ST.PETER&PAUL CATHEDRAL,BRNO 49°11'27.33N 16°36'27.12E
19. MANES BRIDGE,PRAGUE 50° 5'22.41N 14°24'46.01E
20. CHURCH AT MARIANSKE HORY,OSTRAVA 49°49'55.86N 18°15'23.90E
21. MUSEUM,PODEBRADY 50° 8'31.13N 15° 7'21.94E
22. ST.NICOLAS CHURCH,LOUNY 50°21'26.52N 13°47'43.15E
23. ST.BARBARA'S CATHEDRAL,KUTNA HORA 49°56'41.56N 15°15'49.87E
24. STATNI HRAD HAZMBURK,KLAPY 50°26'2.90N 14° 0'53.07E
25. CASTLE STATNI,SAMEK 48°53'33.67N 15°48'40.59E
Příbram day out / Czech Republic
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Hejnice w czeskich Górach Izerskich
Spišská Kaplitula (SK) katedrála sv. Martina -zvony
projekce sv. Barbora Kutná Hora
Rakovnica - 1 zvon
Pohon zvona - TEMPEST
Lâu đài Quốc gia Český Krumlov - State Castle Český Krumlov
Lâu đài Quốc gia Český Krumlov
Lâu đài này được xây từ năm 1240 bởi dòng họ Witigonen, chi nhánh chính của dòng họ Rosenberg đầy quyền lực. Đến thế kỷ 17 nhà Rosenberg bị thiếu nợ nhiều, Peter Wok von Rosenberg đã phải bán lâu đài này cho hoàng đế Rudolf II. Năm 1622 quyền cai trị Krumau đã được Hoàng đế Ferdinand II trao cho Hans Ulrich von Eggenberg và Eggenberg được phong làm Công tước xứ Krumau. Sau cái chết của con trai của Hans Ulrich, Johann Anton von Eggenberg I, lâu đài được cai quản trong khoảng thời gian giữa 1649 và 1664 bởi Anna Maria vợ góa của ông. Một trong hai con trai của bà, Johann Christian von Eggenberg I, chịu trách nhiệm về đổi mới phong cách kiến trúc Barocco và mở rộng lâu đài bao gồm cả các nhà hát lâu đài bây giờ gọi là Nhà hát Eggenberg. Khi dòng nam của Eggenberg tuyệt gốc vào năm 1717 lâu đài và tước vị công tước đã thuộc vào sở hữu của nhà Schwarzenberg cho tới năm 1947, khi nó được chuyển thành tài sản của vùng này và vào năm 1950 trở thành tài sản của nhà nước Cộng hòa Séc.[1] Toàn bộ khu vực được công nhận là di tích quốc gia vào năm 1989 và năm 1992 đã UNESCO đưa vào danh sách di sản thế giới UNESCO, cùng với quận Praha 1 của thủ đô Praha, CH Séc.
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State Castle Český Krumlov
The State Castle of Český Krumlov, with its architectural standard, cultural tradition, and expanse, ranks among the most important historic sights in the central European region. Building development from the 14th to 19th centuries is well-preserved in the original groundplan layout, material structure, interior installation and architectural detail.
A worthy assessment of the area by both domestic and foreign experts resulted in the acquisition of historic monument preservation status. In 1963, the town was declared a Municipal Preserve, in 1989 the castle became a National Monument, and in 1992 the entire complex was included onto the list of UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Monuments.
The Administration of Český Krumlov Castle as a functionary of the Heritage Authority in České Budějovice attends to the operation of the structures, especially castle tours, maintenance, construction, and restoration work, and also participates in the arrangement of Cultural and Social Activities at Český Krumlov Castle.
grandma singing czech folk song and translating
grandma singing czech folk song and translating
Kids singing Christmas songs - Prague 2009
Рождественская ярмарка на Староместской площади, Прага 2009
Karlovy Vary
Karlovy Vary or Carlsbad (Czech pronunciation: [ˈkarlovɪ ˈvarɪ] ( ); German: Karlsbad; Russian: Карловы Вары) is a spa town situated in western Bohemia, Czech Republic, on the confluence of the rivers Ohře and Teplá, approximately 130 km (81 mi) west of Prague (Praha). It is named after King of Bohemia and Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV, who founded the city in 1370. It is historically famous for its hot springs (13 main springs, about 300 smaller springs, and the warm-water Teplá River). It is the most visited spa town in the Czech Republic.
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Passau
Passau is a town in Lower Bavaria, Germany. It is also known as the Dreiflüssestadt or City of Three Rivers, because the Danube is joined at Passau by the Inn from the south and the Ilz from the north.
Passau's population is 50,415, of whom about 11,000 are students at the local University of Passau. The university, founded in the late 1970s, is the extension of the Institute for Catholic Studies founded in 1622. It is renowned in Germany for its institutes of economics, law, theology, computer science and Cultural Studies.
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Catholic higher education | Wikipedia audio article
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Catholic higher education
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Catholic higher education includes universities, colleges, and other institutions of higher education privately run by the Catholic Church, typically by religious institutes. Those tied to the Holy See are specifically called pontifical universities.
By definition, Catholic canon law states that A Catholic school is understood to be one which is under control of the competent ecclesiastical authority or of a public ecclesiastical juridical person, or one which in a written document is acknowledged as Catholic by the ecclesiastical authority (Can. 803). Although some schools are deemed Catholic because of their identity and a great number of students enrolled are Catholics, it is also stipulated in canon law that no school, even if it is in fact Catholic, may bear the title 'Catholic school' except by the consent of the competent ecclesiastical authority (Can. 803 §3).
The Dominican Order was the first order instituted by the Church with an academic mission, founding studia conventualia in every convent of the order, and studia generalia at the early European universities such as the University of Bologna and the University of Paris. In Europe, most universities with medieval history were founded as Catholic. Many of them were rescinded to government authourities in the Modern era. Some, however, remained Catholic, while new ones were established alongside the public ones. The Catholic Church is still the largest non-governmental provider of higher education in the world. Many of them are still internationally competitive. According to the census of the Vatican's Congregation for Catholic Education, the total number of Catholic universities and higher education institutions around the world is 1,358. On the other hand, the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops counts it at 1,861. The Catholic religious order with the highest number of universities around the world today is the Society of Jesus with 114.Like other private schools, Catholic universities and colleges are generally nondenominational, in that they accept anyone regardless of religious affiliation, nationality, ethnicity, or civil status, provided the admission or enrollment requirements and legal documents are submitted, and rules and regulations are obeyed for a fruitful life on campus. However, non-Catholics, whether Christian or not, may or may not participate in otherwise required campus activities, particularly those of a religious nature.
Austria-Hungary | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:43 1 Structure and name
00:09:22 1.1 Creation
00:14:26 2 Government
00:19:19 2.1 Judicial system
00:19:28 2.1.1 Empire of Austria
00:19:37 2.1.2 Kingdom of Hungary
00:21:11 2.2 Public administration and local governments
00:21:22 2.2.1 Empire of Austria
00:26:47 2.2.2 Kingdom of Hungary
00:26:56 2.2.2.1 Administrative divisions and the counties of Hungary
00:30:02 2.2.2.2 Municipal rights of the biggest cities in Hungary
00:31:59 3 Politics
00:32:51 3.1 Political struggles in the Empire
00:36:16 3.2 Ethnic relations
00:45:33 3.2.1 Jews
00:47:43 3.3 Foreign policy
00:50:09 4 Economy
00:55:33 4.1 Automotive industry
00:56:39 4.2 Aeronautic industry
00:58:10 4.3 Locomotive engine and railway vehicle manufacturers
00:59:08 4.4 Poverty
00:59:31 5 Infrastructure
00:59:41 5.1 Transport
00:59:50 5.1.1 Railways
01:00:58 5.1.1.1 Railway network of the Austrian Empire
01:04:38 5.1.1.2 Railway network in the Kingdom of Hungary
01:05:59 5.1.2 Metropolitan transit systems
01:06:08 5.1.2.1 Tramway lines in the cities
01:09:07 5.1.2.2 Electrified commuter railway lines
01:09:34 5.1.2.3 Underground
01:10:17 5.1.3 Canals and river regulations
01:10:45 5.1.3.1 Regulation of the lower Danube and the Iron Gates
01:11:48 5.1.3.2 Regulation of the Tisza River
01:13:26 5.1.4 Shipping and ports
01:16:45 5.2 Telecommunication
01:16:54 5.2.1 Telegraph
01:17:49 5.2.1.1 Austrian Empire
01:17:58 5.2.1.2 Kingdom of Hungary
01:18:28 5.2.2 Telephone
01:19:34 5.2.2.1 Austrian Empire
01:19:55 5.2.2.2 Kingdom of Hungary
01:20:21 5.2.3 Electronic broadcasting
01:20:57 6 Demographics
01:21:15 6.1 Population and area
01:21:24 6.2 Languages
01:22:47 6.3 Religion
01:23:02 6.4 Largest cities
01:23:15 6.5 Education
01:23:24 6.5.1 Austrian Empire
01:28:49 6.5.2 Kingdom of Hungary
01:35:15 7 Military
01:37:56 8 World War I
01:38:05 8.1 Preludes: Bosnia and Herzegovina
01:42:40 8.1.1 Status of Bosnia-Herzegovina
01:45:59 8.1.2 Sarajevo assassination
01:47:32 8.1.3 Escalation of violence in Bosnia
01:48:55 8.1.4 Decision for war
01:55:54 8.2 Wartime foreign policy
01:57:52 8.3 Homefront
02:00:24 8.4 Military events
02:02:15 8.4.1 Serbian front 1914–1916
02:03:55 8.4.2 Russian front 1914–1917
02:05:56 8.4.3 Italian front 1915–1918
02:10:04 8.4.4 Romanian front 1916
02:11:29 8.5 Role of Hungary
02:12:48 8.6 Analysis of defeat
02:16:36 9 Dissolution
02:22:58 9.1 Consequences
02:28:57 9.1.1 Successor states
02:30:42 9.1.2 Territorial legacy
02:34:37 10 Flags and heraldry
02:34:47 10.1 Flags
02:36:51 10.2 Coat of arms
02:37:28 11 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
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- reduce eye strain
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Speaking Rate: 0.7287699169656773
Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-B
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire or the Dual Monarchy in English-language sources, was a constitutional union of the Austrian Empire (the Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council, or Cisleithania) and the Kingdom of Hungary (Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen or Transleithania) that existed from 1867 to 1918, when it self-dissolved at the end of World War I. The union was a result of the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 and came into existence on 30 March 1867. Austria-Hungary consisted of two monarchies (Austria and Hungary), and one autonomous region: the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia under the Hungarian crown, which negotiated the Croatian–Hungarian Settlement (Nagodba) in 1868. It was ruled by the House of Habsburg, and constituted the last phase in the constitutional evolution of the Habsburg Monarchy. Following the 1867 reforms, the Austrian and the Hungarian states were co-equal. Foreign affairs and the military came under joint oversight, but all other governmental faculties were divided between respective states.
Austria-Hungary was a multinational state and one of the Europe's major powers at the time. Austria-Hung ...