Places to see in ( Reggio Calabria - Italy )
Places to see in ( Reggio Calabria - Italy )
Reggio Calabria is a coastal city in southern Italy, separated from Sicily by the Strait of Messina. The National Archaeological Museum houses the Riace Bronzes, a pair of ancient, life-size Greek statues. Nearby, the Bergamot Museum displays the tools used to extract the oil from this citrus fruit. To the east, mountainous Aspromonte National Park contains beech and pine forests sheltering wolves, boar and deer.
Reggio Calabria is a busy town in Calabria, at the tip of Italy's 'toe' and just over the water from Sicily. Along with Messina in Sicily, on the other side of the Strait of Messina, Reggio Calabria was almost totally destroyed in a devastating earthquake in 1908. The town was rebuilt to elegant plans and - for a port - it is a surprisingly pleasant and amiable place, busy with traffic but rejoicing in a lovely setting. Reggio is a transport hub for ferry services to Sicily, and it is also on the tourist map for its archaeological museum. The town used to be the capital of the Calabria region; now it is merely a provincial capital. It's called Reggio Calabria, or sometimes Reggio di Calabria, to distinguish it from a town of the same name in Emilia-Romagna, known as Reggio Emilia.
The Ancient Greek town which stood here, Rhegion, was an important part of Magna Graecia, the Greek colonisation of Italy. The site has had obvious strategic importance over the centuries due to its proximity to Sicily and the shipping route through the Strait of Messina. However, the most important tourist attractions in Reggio are not from the city itself. The two famous Greek bronze statues in the Museo Nazionale in Reggio were found in the sea fifty miles away, near a village after which they are named: the Riace Bronzes, the Bronzi di Riace. These are larger than life-size sculptures of heroic warriors; there is speculation about their origins, creator and significance, but whatever their story, the two heroes are beautiful and rare mementoes from the past.
The National Museum in Reggio (Museo Nazionale di Reggio Calabria) is arguably the region's most important tourist destination, and many travellers visit Reggio purely to see the museum. As well as the Riace Bronzes, the museum holds a superb collection of exhibits from Rhegion and other Greek sites in Calabria, including Locri. The bronze statues are in pride of place in a room shared with another lovely bronze sculpture, the head of a philosopher. The museum is closed on Mondays. It's located on Piazza de Nava, at the northern end of the town centre, close to the seafront. The nearest station is Reggio Calabria Lido - for more travel advice, see below. The grand museum building was designed in the 1930s by Marcello Piacentini, the architect of Rome's EUR district.
Reggio Calabria's greatest pride, after the statues, is its long panoramic seafront. This long wide promenade is a pleasant place to stroll while admiring the view over the sea to Sicily. At a lower level and right on the shore is another walk where there are some 'beach' establishments with sunloungers to rent. A famous phenomenon called the Fata Morgana is sometimes visible from Reggio: a mirage which shimmers in the air over the sea.
Historic sights in Reggio are rather sparse, due to the vicissitudes suffered by the town. But there are a few visible ruins visible near the seafront including Roman baths and a stretch of Greek wall. If you are spending time here, other tourist attractions include the municipal art gallery (Pinacoteca Civica), the cathedral (Duomo), rebuilt after the 1908 earthquake, and the Villa Comunale public gardens. Reggio's principal thoroughfare is Corso Garibaldi, running parallel to the seafront a few streets inland, and the central square is Piazza Italia.
Fortunately, there’s no need to doubt the food. Reggio hides some of Calabria’s best salt-of-the-earth restaurants. You can work up an appetite for them by hiking in the nearby Parco Nazionale dell'Aspromonte, or exploring the coastline at nearby seaside escapes along the Tyrrhenian and Ionian coasts.
( Reggio Calabria - Italy ) is well know as a tourist destination because of the variety of places you can enjoy while you are visiting Reggio Calabria . Through a series of videos we will try to show you recommended places to visit in Reggio Calabria - Italy
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Italy from Above - Beautiful Flying Journeys from Caserta to Tivoli (HD)
The next Episode of the rich sites and culture of Italy! We'd love to know what your impressions of these places are...
This time we fly Caserta, Azio, and Cassino. We then explore Rome and the wonderful ruins and architecture there, such as the Colosseum, the Forum, Piazza Navona, and the Palatine Hill.
We check out Vatican City, before ending our journey in Tivoli.
Great if you're planning a visit, or even if you want to learn more about Italy.
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Coalition Warfare 1944: The Monte Cassino Campaign
Acclaimed author and battlefield guide Peter Caddick-Adams examines the Monte Cassino campaign, arguing that it is perhaps the campaign of the Second World War that most closely anticipates the coalition operations of today.
Part of the Lunchtime Lectures series - a programme of free talks that takes place at the National Army Museum in London every Thursday at 12.30pm.
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Places to see in ( Reggio Calabria - Italy )
Places to see in ( Reggio Calabria - Italy )
Reggio Calabria or simply Reggio in Southern Italy, is the biggest city and the most populated comune of Calabria, Southern Italy. It is the capital of the province of Reggio Calabria and the seat of the Regional Council of Calabria.
Reggio is located on the toe of the Italian Peninsula and is separated from the island of Sicily by the Strait of Messina. It is situated on the slopes of the Aspromonte, a long, craggy mountain range that runs up through the center of the region. The third economic center of mainland Southern Italy.
Lungomare is the beautiful promenade along the beach separated by the inland Corso Vittorio Emanuele by a small strip of botanical garden of palm trees. A few blocks inland (east) Corso Giuseppe Garibaldi is the main artery of Reggio.
During the summer Reggio is as dead in the daytime as a Sergio Leone movie. From 8 to 9pm Corso Garibaldi is full of people. After that everyone is at Lungomare.
Museo Nazionale della Magna Grecia It is an Italian archaeological museum in Reggio Calabria with an archaeological collection from sites in Magna Grecia, the famous Bronzi di Riace bill be exhibited in the museum after its restoration
The Bronzi di Riace , the Bronzi di Riace are two famous full-size Greek bronze sculptures of nude bearded warriors, cast about 460–430 BCE, that were discovered by chance in 1972 in the waters of Riace Marina.
Pentedattilo. Pentedattilo is a stunning ancient village in southern Calabria near the sea with a splendid view of Mount Etna on Sicily. It is located about 45 minutes drive away from Reggio (the nearest destination that can be reached by public transport is Melito Porto Salvo or Saline Joniche). The village takes its name from ancient Greek origins. It is surrounded by five cliffs, which reminds the shape of five fingers (Gr. daktylos penta = five fingers). Today Pentedattilo is sometimes called a “Ghost Town” as it was almost fully abandoned by its inhabitants in favour of new homes near the coast. Every summer Pentedattilo hosts a Paleariza Festival, celebrating the Hellenistic culture. Between August and September a fascinating Inernational Short Film Festival takes place there
Scilla, (22 km north from Reggio Calabria). It is a stunning town of Greek origin located north of Reggio Calabria in front of the strait of Messina. Scilla is definately worth visiting becasue of the facsinating panoramic views over the Tyrrhenian Sea, historical presence and beautiful beach. Schilla is famous for sword fish, which has been fished there since Magna Greek times. The Ruffo Castle stands on the top of the famous cape which is wedged over the sea, leaving the beautiful beaches of Scilla, an annual tourist spot, on either side.
Aspromonte National Park This strip of granitic-crystalline origin resembles a giant pyramid. The area is near the sea and reaches 2,000 meters of height with its many mountain peaks and plateaus of marine sedimentary origins.Surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea, the Park is enriched by considerable historical, artistic, and archaeological aspects, evidences of the archaic, classical, Greek, medieval, and modern culture. Points of attraction include the Gambarie ski resort (1,311 m) and the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, in the comune of San Luca.
( Reggio Calabria - Italy ) is well know as a tourist destination because of the variety of places you can enjoy while you are visiting the city of Reggio Calabria.
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MY FLIGHT right above the beautiful AMALFI COAST (Italy), great views
SUBSCRIBE: - Flying over the Amalfi Coast, Italy. Vic Stefanu, vstefanu@yahoo.com. The Amalfi Coast is a 50-kilometer stretch of coastline along the southern edge of Italy’s Sorrentine Peninsula, in the Campania region. It’s a popular holiday destination, with sheer cliffs and a rugged shoreline dotted with small beaches and pastel-colored fishing villages. The coastal road between the port city of Salerno and clifftop Sorrento winds past grand villas, terraced vineyards and cliffside lemon groves.
Italy, a European country with a long Mediterranean coastline, has left a powerful mark on Western culture and cuisine. Its capital, Rome, is home to the Vatican as well as landmark art and ancient ruins. Other major cities include Florence, with Renaissance masterpieces such as Michelangelo’s David and Brunelleschi's Duomo; Venice, the city of canals; and Milan, Italy’s fashion capital.
Salerno
Salerno listen is a city and comune in Campania (south-western Italy) and is the capital of the province of the same name. It is located on the Gulf of Salerno on the Tyrrhenian Sea.
Salerno is the main town close to the Amalfi Coast, and is mostly known for its Schola Medica Salernitana, the first medical school in the world. In the 16th century, under the Sanseverino family, among the most powerful feudal lords in Southern Italy, the city became a great centre of learning, culture and the arts, and the family hired several of the greatest intellectuals of the time. Later, in 1694, the city was struck by several catastrophic earthquakes and plagues, and afterwards a period of Spanish rule which would last until the 18th century. After that, Salerno became part of the Parthenopean Republic and saw a period of Napoleonic rule.
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Salerno | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Salerno
00:01:42 1 History
00:01:51 1.1 Prehistory and antiquity
00:03:44 1.2 Middle Ages to early modern age
00:08:37 1.3 Late modern and contemporary
00:10:35 2 Geography
00:11:03 2.1 Climate
00:11:43 3 Demographics
00:13:07 4 Economy
00:13:40 5 Transport
00:14:37 6 Education
00:15:32 7 Sport
00:16:17 8 Attractions
00:16:58 8.1 Secular sights
00:21:27 8.2 Churches
00:23:51 8.3 Monuments
00:24:18 8.4 Museums and galleries
00:25:25 8.5 Archaeological sites
00:25:48 9 Notable people from Salerno
00:26:03 10 Twin towns — sister cities
00:26:16 11 See also
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Salerno (Italian: [saˈlɛrno] (listen); Salernitano: Salierne, IPA: [saˈljərnə]) is a city and comune in Campania (southwestern Italy) and is the capital of the province of the same name. It is located on the Gulf of Salerno on the Tyrrhenian Sea. The city is divided into three distinct zones: the medieval sector, the 19th century sector and the more densely populated post-war area, with its several apartment blocks.Salerno was an independent Lombard principality, Principality of Salerno, in the early Middle Ages. During this time, the Schola Medica Salernitana, the first medical school in the world, was founded. In the 16th century, under the Sanseverino family, among the most powerful feudal lords in southern Italy, the city became a great centre of learning, culture and the arts, and the family hired several of the greatest intellectuals of the time. Later, in 1694, the city was struck by several catastrophic earthquakes and plagues. After a period of Spanish rule which would last until the 18th century, Salerno became part of the Parthenopean Republic.In recent history the city hosted Victor Emmanuel III, the King of Italy, who moved from Rome in 1943 after Italy negotiated a peace with the Allies in World War II, making Salerno the home of the government of the South (Regno del Sud) and therefore provisional government seat for six months. Some of the Allied landings during Operation Avalanche (the invasion of Italy) occurred near Salerno. Today Salerno is an important cultural centre in Campania and Italy.
A patron saint of Salerno is Saint Matthew, the Apostle, whose relics are kept here at the crypt of Salerno Cathedral.
US Navy officer with various equipment aboard LST-554 underway towards Palau Isla...HD Stock Footage
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US Navy officer with various equipment aboard LST-554 underway towards Palau Islands for Peleliu Invasion during World War II.
United States Navy vessels and war boats underway towardsPalau Islands for Peleliu Invasion during World War II. A war boat sails in stormy sea waves. Sailors aboard pull ropes to stabilize the boat. A sailor at a pelorus aboard an LST-554 (Landing Ship Tank) bridge. A commander views with a telescope. Other sailors and marines listen to their officer. Marines sleep on the deck of a LST. A gunner fires in the sea and at the sky. Location: Peleliu Palau Islands. Date: August 13, 1944.
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A Visit to the Vatican
Vatican is a landlocked sovereign city-state whose territory consists of a walled enclave within the city of Rome. It has an area of approximately 110 acres, and a population of just over 800. This makes Vatican City the smallest independent state in the world by both area and population. Vatican City was established as an independent state by the Lateran Treaty in 1929.
Egypt, Southern Italy, Switzerland, Burton Holmes
Burton Holmes Travelogues
Egypt
Southern Italy
Switzerland
Old Antique Travelogue With Over 350 Photographs !
Partial listing of illustrations...
Abbas II Hilmi Khedive of Egypt, Abu Simbel temple at, Abusir rock of Egypt, Abydos ancient city of Egypt, Necropolis, Osiris tomb of, Site, Temples, Adam the first man, Birth and death, Height, Aeneas the Trojan, Agnano lake and crater Italy, Aida produced in Cairo, Albula railway Switzerland, Alexander the Great founder of Alexandria, Alexandria Egypt, History, Landing at, Routes from to Cairo, Alps Swiss, Altdorf the town of Will am Tell, Amalfi Italy, Cappuccini Convent Hotel, Drive, History, Iceman, Location, Amenophis III king of Egypt, Temples at Luxor, Tomb and monuments at Thebes, American Mission School Assiut pupils of, Ammon Egyptian sun god, Amr mosque of Cairo, Arcade Galleria Umberto Primo Naples, Architecture, Egyptian, Abydos, Alexandrian remnant, Dendera, Edfu pylon of, Karnak, Pyramids, Thebes, Greek, Influence on Egyptian architecture, Paestum remnants, Italian in Naples, Saracenic, Ashes rain of from Vesuvius, Assiut, Cemetery, City, Assuan health resort Egypt, Dam, Atrani an Italian town, Avernus Lake entrance to the underworld, Axenstrasse, Azhar El University at Cairo, Bacchus wine god Festival of Vintners, Backsheesh, Baiae the Newport of the ancient Romans, Barkuk Mameluke Sultan Mosque of, Barrage the Nile at Assuan, Baths ancient at Pompeii, Bazaars Cairo, Beggars Egypt, Bern capital of Switzerland, Bernina Pass from Italy to Switzerland, Blindness superstition the cause of in Egypt, Blue Grotto Capri, Boats Nile feluccas, Bonnivard prisoner in the Castle of Chillon, Boscotrecase overwhelmed by Vesuvius, Brienz Lake, Brutus assassin of Caesar, Buddhism Japanese belief in blessings from the sepulcher of Kobo Daishi, Bulwer Lytton Lord author of Last Days of Pompeii, Burgenstock near Lucerne, Caesar association with the island of Nisida, Cafes Cairo, Cairo Egypt, Alexandria to Cairo, Bazaars and shops, Cafes, Metropolis of Egypt, Modernization, Mosques, Museum National, Opera House, Prosperity, Social season, Streets of Cairo, Cape Misenum named for the Trojan, Capri Italy, Appearance, Blue Grotto, Carmelina La Bella, Festa of San Costanzo, Giro a tour round the island, Home of Parthenope, Carmelina La Bella Italian dancer, Carpet Holy journey from Cairo to Mecca,
FOOTLOOSE IN LONDON - 2012 top attractions HD Londres Londen 伦敦 Londra Londyn ロンドン
Top attractions in HD: London Walks, Jack the Ripper walks, the London Eye, the Museum of London, are all contained in this extract from our 100 minute DVD from AMAZON (co.uk) Its also 4-part broadcast mini-series from Grindelwald Productions. Many more than 10 things you need to know, all contained in a glorious walking trail through the heart of the capital. If you are visiting It is a perfect preview of all the best sights in summer... and a great souvenir if you have been. You don't need to mind the gap. Music by Barnaby Smith, Greenway Music
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Others in the series: Footloose in Italy, Italian Lakes, Austria, Switzerland, Spain, Budapest, Prague, Krakow, Ireland, Dubrovnik, Tallinn, Rocamadour, Bavaria, London, Holland, Keukenhof Gardens, Madeira. Produced by David & Debra Rixon
WWII Naval Action In Lingayen Gulf, 01/10/1945 (full)
Freely downloadable at the Internet Archive, where I first uploaded it. Naval Photographic Center film # 7053. National Archives description: 1) GV USS LOUISVILLE smoking from crash dives, flak bursts in air BG.2) MS CLs underway.3) MS CLs & CAs underway.4) MS CL & CA underway.5) MS USS PENNSYLVANIA fires.6) GV 3 BBs & 2 CAs underway, bow on view (good)7) GV BB, escorting cruisers & DDs underway, OS2U catapulted FG (good).8) GV Many flak bursts in air & in water (good).QUALITY: GOOD National Archives Identifier: 77939
Italian Campaign (World War II) | Wikipedia audio article
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Italian Campaign (World War II)
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Italian Campaign of World War II consisted of the Allied operations in and around Italy, from 1943 to the end of the war in Europe. Joint Allied Forces Headquarters (AFHQ) was operationally responsible for all Allied land forces in the Mediterranean theatre, and it planned and commanded the invasion of Sicily in July 1943, followed shortly thereafter in September by the invasion of the Italian mainland and the campaign on Italian soil until the surrender of the German Armed Forces in Italy in May 1945.
It is estimated that between September 1943 and April 1945, some 60,000–70,000 Allied and 38,805-150,660 German soldiers died in Italy. Overall Allied casualties during the campaign totaled about 320,000 and the corresponding German figure (excluding those involved in the final surrender) was over 330,000. Fascist Italy, prior to its collapse, suffered about 200,000 casualties, mostly POWs taken in the Allied invasion of Sicily, including more than 40,000 killed or missing. Besides them, over 150,000 Italian civilians died, as did 35,828 anti-Fascist partisans and some 35,000 troops of the Italian Social Republic.In the West, no other campaign cost more than Italy in terms of lives lost and wounds suffered by infantry forces of both sides, during bitter small-scale fighting around strongpoints at the Winter Line, the Anzio beachhead and the Gothic Line. The campaign ended when Army Group C surrendered unconditionally to the Allies on May 2, 1945, one week before the formal German Instrument of Surrender. The independent states of San Marino and the Vatican, both surrounded by Italian territory, also suffered damage during the campaign.
High School Quiz Show - Quarterfinal #3: Sharon vs. Somerville (511)
In the third quarterfinal matchup of Season 5, Sharon High School takes on Somerville High School!
Toss-up Round: 01:52
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Category Round: 13:44
Lightning Round: 22:52
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Royal Marines
The Royal Marine Corps, or Royal Marines (RM), is a branch of the British Armed Forces. It is the marine corps and amphibious infantry of the United Kingdom, and forms part of the Naval Service (along with the Royal Navy and associated organisations) under its own command. The Royal Marines were formed in 1755 as marine infantry for the Royal Navy. However, it can trace its origins back to the formation of the Duke of York and Albany's maritime regiment of Foot at the grounds of the Honourable Artillery Company on 28 October 1664.
The Royal Marines are a maritime-focused, amphibious, highly specialised light infantry force of commandos. They are capable of deploying at short notice in support of Her Majesty's Government's military and diplomatic objectives overseas. The Royal Marines are organised into a light infantry brigade (3 Commando Brigade) and a number of separate units including the Special Boat Service, 1 Assault Group Royal Marines, Fleet Protection Group Royal Marines (previously the Comacchio Group), and a company within the Special Forces Support Group. The Corps operates in all environments and climates, though particular expertise and training is spent on amphibious warfare, arctic Warfare, mountain warfare, expeditionary warfare, Rapid Reaction and supporting Special Forces.
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Royal Marine Light Infantry | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:39 1 Origin
00:07:46 2 Eighteenth Century
00:10:49 2.1 New South Wales
00:13:31 3 Nineteenth century
00:14:45 3.1 French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars
00:19:20 3.2 Crimean War and beyond
00:21:08 4 Early 20th Century
00:22:36 5 First World War
00:24:13 6 Between the World Wars
00:26:14 7 Second World War
00:32:38 8 After 1945
00:44:08 9 Shore bases
00:44:34 9.1 18th century
00:45:51 9.2 19th and 20th centuries
00:48:13 10 See also
00:48:44 11 Notes
00:48:54 12 Sources
00:53:10 13 Further reading
00:55:33 14 External links
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
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Speaking Rate: 0.7381383489885229
Voice name: en-GB-Wavenet-D
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The history of the Royal Marines began on 28 October 1664 with the formation of the Duke of York and Albany's Maritime Regiment of Foot soon becoming known as the Admiral's Regiment. During the War of the Spanish Succession the most historic achievement of the Marines was the capture of the mole during the assault on Gibraltar (sailors of the Royal Navy captured the Rock itself) in 1704. On 5 April 1755, His Majesty's Marine Forces, fifty Companies in three Divisions, headquartered at Portsmouth, Chatham and Plymouth, were formed by Order of Council under Admiralty control.
The Royal Marine Artillery was formed as an establishment within the British Royal Marines in 1804 to man the artillery in bomb vessels. As their coats were the blue of the Royal Regiment of Artillery, this group was nicknamed the Blue Marines and the Infantry element, who wore the scarlet coats of the British infantry, became known as the Red Marines. During the Napoleonic Wars the Royal Marines participated in every notable naval battle on board the Royal Navy's ships and also took part in multiple amphibious actions. Marines had a dual function aboard ships of the Royal Navy; routinely, they ensured the security of the ship's officers and supported their maintenance of discipline in the ship's crew, and in battle, they engaged the enemy's crews, whether firing from positions on their own ship, or fighting in boarding actions.
During the First World War, in addition to their usual stations aboard ship, Royal Marines were part of the Royal Naval Division which landed in Belgium in 1914 to help defend Antwerp and later took part in the amphibious landing at Gallipoli in 1915. The Royal Marines also took part in the Zeebrugge Raid in 1918. During the Second World War the Infantry Battalions of the Royal Marine Division were re-organised as Commandos, joining the British Army Commandos. The Division command structure became a Special Service Brigade command. The support troops became landing craft crew and saw extensive action on D-Day in June 1944.
The Falklands War provided the backdrop to the next action of the Royal Marines. Argentina invaded the islands in April 1982. A British task force was immediately despatched to recapture them, and given that an amphibious assault would be necessary, the Royal Marines were heavily involved. The troops were landed at San Carlos Water at the western end of East Falkland, and proceeded to yomp across the entire island to the capital, Stanley, which fell on 14 June 1982.
开启全新一周的正确方式,当然是和《朝闻天下》一起关心天下啦:
1️. 英国进入大选周,但约翰逊却面临着内忧外患的挑战啊
️2. 没谈妥!奥克兰公交罢工继续,近7万乘客恐受影
️3. 奥克兰警队挖出黑帮卧底?!搜索警队数据库2万次,最近被判刑了...
4️. 半夜只有两名警卫看守?新西兰最大监狱的值班制看着真让人后怕啊...
5️. 杨议员时间:大麻合法化草案、禁止外国政治捐款、枪支持有者隐私泄密,这些您最关心的话题,尽在杨议员时间
6️. 贺一诚:推进“一国两制”实践在澳门行稳致远
️7. 经济观察:11月中国外贸“成绩单”现三大亮点
Military history of the United States during World War II | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Military history of the United States during World War II
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The military history of the United States in World War II covers the war against Germany, Italy, and Japan, starting with the 7 December 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor. During the first two years of World War II, the United States had maintained formal neutrality as made official in the Quarantine Speech delivered by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1937, while supplying Britain, the Soviet Union, and China with war materiel through the Lend-Lease Act which was signed into law on 11 March 1941, as well as deploying the U.S. military to replace the British invasion forces in Iceland. In the Pacific Theater, there was unofficial early U.S. combat activity such as the Flying Tigers.
During the war, over 16 million Americans served in the United States Armed Forces, with 405,399 killed in action and 671,278 wounded. There were also 130,201 American prisoners of war, of whom 116,129 returned home after the war. Key civilian advisors to President Roosevelt included Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson, who mobilized the nation's industries and induction centers to supply the Army, commanded by General George Marshall and the Army Air Forces under General Hap Arnold. The Navy, led by Secretary of the Navy Frank Knox and Admiral Ernest King, proved more autonomous. Overall priorities were set by Roosevelt and the Joint Chiefs of Staff, chaired by William Leahy. Highest priority went to the defeat of Germany in Europe, but first the war against Japan in the Pacific was more urgent after the sinking of the main battleship fleet at Pearl Harbor.
Admiral King put Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, based in Hawaii, in charge of the Pacific War against Japan. The result was a series of some of the most famous naval battles in history. The Imperial Japanese Navy had the advantage, taking the Philippines as well as British and Dutch possessions, and threatening Australia but in June 1942, its main carriers were sunk during the Battle of Midway, and the Americans seized the initiative. The Pacific War became one of island hopping, so as to move air bases closer and closer to Japan. The Army, based in Australia under General Douglas MacArthur, steadily advanced across New Guinea to the Philippines, with plans to invade the Japanese home islands in late 1945. With its merchant fleet sunk by American submarines, Japan ran short of aviation gasoline and fuel oil, as the U.S. Navy in June 1944 captured islands within bombing range of the Japanese home islands. Strategic bombing directed by General Curtis Lemay destroyed all the major Japanese cities, as the U.S. captured Okinawa after heavy losses in spring 1945. With the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and an invasion and Soviet intervention imminent, Japan surrendered.
The war against Germany involved aid to Britain, her allies, and the Soviet Union, with the U.S. supplying munitions until it could ready an invasion force. U.S. forces were first tested to a limited degree in the North African Campaign and then employed more significantly with British Forces in Italy in 1943–45, where U.S. forces, representing about a third of the Allied forces deployed, bogged down after Italy surrendered and the Germans took over. Finally the main invasion of France took place in June 1944, under General Dwight D. Eisenhower. Meanwhile, the U.S. Army Air Forces and the British Royal Air Force engaged in the area bombardment of German cities and systematically targeted German transportation links and synthetic oil plants, as it knocked out what was left of the Luftwaffe post Battle of Britain in 1944. With the Soviets unstoppable in the east, and the Allies unstoppable in the west, Germany was squeezed to death. Berlin fell to the Soviets in May 1945, and with Adolf Hitler dead, the Germans surrendered.
The military effort was strongly supported by civilians on the home front, who provided the military pe ...
Royal Marines | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:02:08 1 History
00:02:34 1.1 Early British Empire
00:08:28 1.2 Status and roles
00:10:05 1.3 World wars
00:10:14 1.3.1 First World War
00:11:34 1.3.2 Between the wars
00:13:15 1.3.3 Second World War
00:18:56 1.4 Post-colonial era
00:19:47 1.5 Cold War
00:22:56 2 Today
00:23:05 2.1 Personnel
00:24:35 2.2 Equipment
00:27:36 3 Formation and structure
00:30:47 3.1 3 Commando Brigade
00:32:14 3.2 Independent elements
00:34:27 3.3 Structure of a commando
00:36:04 3.4 Amphibious Task Group
00:37:11 3.5 Commando Helicopter Force
00:38:08 4 Commando Forces 2030, Maritime Operations Commando & Future Commando Force
00:38:59 5 Selection and training
00:43:06 6 Museum
00:43:40 7 Customs and traditions
00:46:58 7.1 Uniforms
00:47:43 8 Ranks and insignia
00:47:58 9 Associations with other regiments and marines corps
00:51:37 10 See also
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Speaking Rate: 0.8548628876250187
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-D
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
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The Corps of Royal Marines (RM) is the amphibious light infantry and also one of the five fighting arms of the Royal Navy. The marines can trace their origins back to the formation of the English Army's Duke of York and Albany's maritime regiment of Foot at the grounds of the Honourable Artillery Company on 28 October 1664.As a highly specialised and adaptable light infantry force, the Royal Marines are trained for rapid deployment worldwide and capable of dealing with a wide range of threats. The Royal Marines are organised into a light infantry brigade (3 Commando Brigade) and a number of separate units, including 1 Assault Group Royal Marines, 43 Commando Royal Marines formerly Fleet Protection Group Royal Marines (previously the Comacchio Group), and a company strength commitment to the Special Forces Support Group. The Corps operates in all environments and climates, though particular expertise and training is spent on amphibious warfare, arctic warfare, mountain warfare, expeditionary warfare, and its commitment to the UK's Rapid Reaction Force.
Throughout its history, the Royal Marines have seen action in a number of major wars often fighting beside the British Army – including the Seven Years' War, the Napoleonic Wars, the Crimean War, World War I and World War II. In recent times the Corps has been largely deployed in expeditionary warfare roles such as the Falklands War, the Gulf War, the Bosnian War, the Kosovo War, the Sierra Leone Civil War, the Iraq War and the War in Afghanistan. The Royal Marines have close international ties with allied marine forces, particularly the United States Marine Corps and the Netherlands Marine Corps (Dutch: Korps Mariniers). Today, the Royal Marines are an elite fighting force within the British Armed forces, having undergone many substantial changes over time.