Socrates & Greek Philosophy (The Stoic Society of Athens)
TOPICS: GREEK PHILOSOPHY, STOICISM, COACHING, STOICS, GREECE, NEUROCOACHING, LEADERSHIP, VALUES, ETHICS, ASMR, GUIDED MEDITATION, STRESS MANAGEMENT, ANXIETY MANAGEMENT, ANGER MANAGEMENT, ASMR
In this video there is a discussion on Socrates
led by Dr. Alkistis Agio organized by 'The Stoic Society of Athens'.
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Was Athens justified in killing Socrates?
About 2400 years ago, Socrates was put to death by the Athenian state in a notorious trial. Why was a seemingly harmless 70 year old man condemned to death?
You can enable subtitles. Art is Socrates and Alcibiades, by Christoffer Wilhelm Eckersberg.
You can read more in Why Socrates died by Robert Waterfield
Feasting like Plato and Socrates in Athens
LEADIN:
What did Socrates eat for lunch or Plato have for dessert?
At a restaurant in Athens, diners are being given a true taste of ancient Greece with a unique collection of recipes from thousands of years ago.
STORYLINE:
This isn't ancient Greece, but you'd be forgiven for thinking that given the entertainment and the unique menu.
Here at Archeon Gefsis (Ancient Tastes) in the centre of Athens, this very individual restaurant revives the dining experience of the ancient city.
It was around the fifth century BC that Greek sculpture and art was at its peak while architecture, philosophy and theatre was flourishing through-out the empire.
Thinkers such as Plato and Socrates may well have dined like this while pondering theories which would later influence western philosophy.
As with ancient Greece, food is accompanied by music and entertainment, while performers provide traditional dances from the period.
Similarly, diners eat in traditionally-styled rooms made of stone and eat dishes from handmade clay plates and cups.
Throughout the ages, Greece has been influenced by a number of different cultures, just as the Greeks themselves went on to influence the Roman Empire.
But staff here try to remain faithful to the ancient Greek experience, stemming from the Archaic Period ( 8th - 6th centuries BC) to around 600 AD.
We are not allowed to use tomatoes, potatoes, rice, any kind of pasta and we use mostly, like the ancient Greeks did, dried fruits, vegetables, meat, of course, and a lot of honey, as they did not use sugar back then, says Babis Andreou, head chef at Archeon Gefsis.
Even without such basic western foodstuffs as tomatoes and potatoes, chefs at Archeon Gefsis - which is located just a few minutes from the Acropolis - still use a variety of ingredients to create their dishes.
One popular dish is their fried cheese starter which is served with a generous spoonful of cherries to finish.
Rather than serving modern Greek salads, chefs serve a Prassea which includes cabbage, garden rocket, celery, asparagus, eggs with pine seeds, nuts, vegetable bulbs, raisins and pomegranate.
In terms of main courses, recipes are taken from an ancient book called the Deipnosophistae (meaning: 'Philosophers at Dinner'), that has given many historians a clear picture of how the ancient Greeks created and enjoyed their foods.
The author was Athenaeus of Naucratis who wrote the book during the third century AD.
But, the Deipnosophistae is no quick read, weighing in at fifteen volumes the book even includes what kind of entertainment should be enjoyed while eating.
On the surface, the ancient diet seems to be a lot healthier than a modern one, relying as it does on fresh vegetables, fruits and salad, but it can cause your wallet to lose a bit of weight.
Christos Baos, the restaurant manager, says ingredients such as pomegranate and honey - that appear frequently on their menu - are very expensive and as the economic crisis continues there has been a drop in local customers.
With Greek people, because the restaurant is too expensive - you have to pay about 70-80 Euros ($93-106 USD) for two persons - that's why we don't have so many Greek people nowadays. But tourists come because they want to see the ancient Greek restaurant, because it's something different from the other ones and it's the only one in Greece, says Baos.
Despite the price tag, the food certainly seems to be going down well with these diners from the United States.
Eating the same food as Socrates is interesting because it puts you in perspective. After seeing where they lived and the things they did, now to eat the same food, it's just very interesting, says Kirk from Los Angeles.
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The new trial of Socrates at the Onassis Cultural Centre Athens
Watch the new trial hosted at the OCC Athens on May 25th 2012.
Athens, Daughter Of Egypt? | Archeology (Ancient Greece Documentary) | Timeline
as Cleopatra black? Was Socrates? Did Egyptian armies conquer ancient Greece, thus setting the cradle of Western civilization in motion? Is this wishful thinking on the part of historical revisionists…or is it a long-suppressed historical fact?
Today, a number of researchers claim that scholars of the 18th and 19th centuries were racists who could not stand the idea that their beloved Greece had been made “impure” by African influence. Through on-location interviews at excavations in Egypt, the Middle East, and Greece, we will construct possible scenarios to answer the larger question: What influence did Egypt, and it’s Black inhabitants, have on the development of Greece?
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Documentary | Ancient Greeks Golden Age | BBC Documentary | National Geographic History Channel
A day in the life of an ancient Athenian - Robert Garland
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It’s 427 BCE, and the worst internal conflict ever to occur in the ancient Greek world is in its fourth year. Athens is facing a big decision: what to do with the people of Mytilene, a city on the island of Lesbos where a revolt against Athenian rule has just been put down. How did these kinds of decisions get made? Robert Garland outlines a day in the life of Athenian democracy.
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Ancient Greece- The Trial of Socrates pages 95-103
Socrates: The Father Of Western Philosophy
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As one of history's famous critical thinkers, Socrates laid the foundations of western philosophy. So who was this influential thinker?
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Socrates (English and Russian subtitles)
Aristotle and Logic | (Short Biography & Explain) | (English)
Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle, together with Socrates and Plato, laid much of the groundwork for western philosophy.
Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle was born circa 384 B.C. in Stagira, Greece. When he turned 17, he enrolled in Plato’s Academy. In 338, he began tutoring Alexander the Great. In 335, Aristotle founded his own school, the Lyceum, in Athens, where he spent most of the rest of his life studying, teaching and writing. Aristotle died in 322 B.C., after he left Athens and fled to Chalcis.
In 335 B.C., after Alexander had succeeded his father as king and conquered Athens, Aristotle went back to the city. In Athens, Plato’s Academy, now run by Xenocrates, was still the leading influence on Greek thought. With Alexander’s permission, Aristotle started his own school in Athens, called the Lyceum. On and off, Aristotle spent most of the remainder of his life working as a teacher, researcher and writer at the Lyceum in Athens until the death of his former student Alexander the Great.
Because Aristotle was known to walk around the school grounds while teaching, his students, forced to follow him, were nicknamed the “Peripatetics,” meaning “people who travel about.” Lyceum members researched subjects ranging from science and math to philosophy and politics, and nearly everything in between. Art was also a popular area of interest. Members of the Lyceum wrote up their findings in manuscripts. In so doing, they built the school’s massive collection of written materials, which by ancient accounts was credited as one of the first great libraries.
It was at the Lyceum that Aristotle probably composed most of his approximately 200 works, of which only 31 survive. In style, his known works are dense and almost jumbled, suggesting that they were lecture notes for internal use at his school. The surviving works of Aristotle are grouped into four categories. The “Organon” is a set of writings that provide a logical toolkit for use in any philosophical or scientific investigation. Next come Aristotle’s theoretical works, most famously his treatises on animals, cosmology, the “Physics” (a basic inquiry about the nature of matter and change) and the “Metaphysics” (a quasi-theological investigation of existence itself).
Aristotle’s universal influence waned somewhat during the Renaissance and Reformation, as religious and scientific reformers questioned the way the Catholic Church had subsumed his precepts. Scientists like Galileo and Copernicus disproved his geocentric model of the solar system, while anatomists such as William Harvey dismantled many of his biological theories. However, even today Aristotle’s work remains a significant starting point for any argument in the fields of logic, aesthetics, political theory and ethics.
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Battle of Marathon 490 BC
The Persians had been expanding their empire at a fast pace. They had forced the Greek cities on the coast of Asia into submission and when the Greeks revolted the Persians conquered them by force of arms and went even further, conquering Thrace and subjugating Macedonia, defeating anyone who had dared to resist. Two Greek city states, Athens and Eretria had been active against the Persians at this time and the Persian king now sought revenge. He amassed a fleet of 600 triremes and sent it into Greece under the command of an admiral named Datis and a nobleman who had contacts in Athens, named Artaphernes.
The Persians’ first target were the Cyclades islands and particularly Naxos that had resisted Persian rule. They sacked Naxos and took its citizens into slavery. Next, the Persians forced Karystos into submission and attacked Eretria. Eretria was sacked and its citizens were also taken into slavery. The third target of the Persian campaign was Athens. The Persian fleet sailed to Marathon and the Persian army disembarked and encamped on the bay. The Athenians prepared for battle. They thought they were fighting for their homes. Later they thought they had fought for all Greece. Perhaps they had fought for something even bigger.
The School of Athens
Raphael's painting the School of Athens has often been associated with the enlightenment, secularism and intellectualism, but did you know that this mural is in the Vatican, in what was the pope's personal quarters? Here you'll see many ancient philosophers from Plato to Socrates. Raphael is announcing an era of secularism and humanism inside the walls of the Vatican.
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Socrates and Athens: Why we still need to care about both today
Part of the CHS 25th Anniversary event series: Why Greece matters today, sponsored by the Hellenic Presidency of the Council of the European Union. This talk is given by award-winning historian, author and broadcaster Bettany Hughes.
Thursday 29 May 2014
POLIS: The Trial of Socrates - Part 101 - Historical Comic
Part II is now available on Kickstarter:
POLIS: The Trial of Socrates is a three-part historical graphic novel (and likely 15-part motion comic?) that takes place in ancient Athens. It's the story of how one of the greatest free thinkers in the ancient world was executed by the era's most democratic city. It also tells the story of how his student Plato transformed from an aristocratic politician into the founder of Western philosophy.
Chapter 1, The Restoration: Defeated by Sparta in the Peloponnesian war, the Athenian democracy has been toppled and replaced by a puppet government known to history as The Thirty Tyrants. Socrates clashes with the unofficial leader of the tyrants, Critias. The latter happens to be the older cousin of Aristocles, or as we know him, Plato.
The Restoration comes to a climax when the exiled democratic forces invade Athens and oust the false government. Socrates risks the battlefield to find a young friend drafted into Critias' army, and in doing so he makes a powerful enemy. Plato fights against the democrats and must choose between defeat and cowardice. In the end, the democracy is restored, and the stage is set for the case against Socrates.
Art by Daniel Becker
Coloring by Andrei Tabacaru
Written/Lettered by Jave Galt-Miller
Voice Actors:
Narrator: Jave Galt-Miller
Young Man - Kyle Brauch
Spartan Guard - Steven P. Fortune
Aristocles (Plato) - Jave Galt-Miller
Student Player - Terrance Nicholson
Old Player - John Colley
Lycon - Michaeljradio
Old Peasant - Marcus Bailey
Socrates / Player Socrates - Liquid Lettuce
Crito - Bob Shaw
Demetrius - David Guffre
Golden Age of Athens, Pericles and Greek Culture | World History | Khan Academy
Overview of cultural contributions of Classical Greece. Golden Age of Athens. Age of Pericles.
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Why Socrates Hated Democracy
We’re used to thinking hugely well of democracy. But interestingly, one of the wisest people who ever lived, Socrates, had deep suspicions of it. For gifts and more from The School of Life, visit our online shop:
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FURTHER READING
“We are used to thinking very highly of democracy – and by extension, of Ancient Athens, the civilisation that gave rise to it. The Parthenon has become almost a byword for democratic values, which is why so many leaders of democracies like to be photographed among its ruins…”
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A Lesson From Socrates That Will Change The Way You Think
Socrates
470 BC - 399 BC
A classical Greek philosopher credited as one of the founders of Western philosophy, and as being the first moral philosopher, of the Western ethical tradition of thought.
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Hello, I am Socrates and I changed the world.
As I speak to you now, I'm sitting in a jail cell in a cave just outside of Athens. In a few moments, a guard is going to bring me a cup of poison hemlock to drink. After I do so, I will become very sleepy and then I will take my last breaths. But before that happens, I thought I'd share some things with you.
I was born in Athens in ancient Greece. People know very little about my history and early life... and I like to keep it that way. You will see that I'm a bit of a troublemaker and like to be a little mysterious. Most people know me as one of the first philosophers of the Western world, but I never saw myself that way. Philosophers tend to think they know a lot about the world, but me? I really don't think I know anything at all.
When I returned to Athens after fighting in the Peloponnesian War, I did quite a bit of thinking. You see, in my time there were many men who were considered wise, but I was very skeptical of this wisdom. In my life and travels, I found that many people who appear or claim to be wise are not actually very wise at all. This is a problem because when people believe a man is wise, they tend to blindly follow him - often with terrible consequences. If you don’t question this wisdom, you can never discover its flaws. Then knowledge stands still like a stone, instead of growing and changing like a tree.
So, I started asking questions. I found that when someone makes a claim that something is true, the best way to test that truth is to ask a series of challenging questions. For example, if a man claims that it is virtuous to love the god Zeus, I would ask, what is a virtue? What is love? Are there other gods to love? If they cannot even explain what virtue is, how can they say that it is virtuous to love Zeus? If they cannot explain what love is, how can we know if we are truly loving Zeus, and therefore that we are virtuous? If someone making these claims cannot answer these challenges, then how can they know the truth of their claim?
In my life, I didn't publish any works or write much down for others to read, but many young men in Athens - including a very bright student named Plato - used to follow me around and watch closely as I questioned some of the wisest men in the city. Plato would eventually pass this method down to his student Aristotle, who was the tutor of Alexander the Great. Alexander spread Greek thought to his vast kingdom. When the Romans took over Alexander’s empire, they expanded it even larger and spread the Greek tradition even further. Sadly, when the Romans fell, the world entered a long, dark period where knowledge stood still once again. But then, something wonderful happened.
There was a renaissance of thought and knowledge when people began to revive the works of my students. Science flourished when people realized the power of methodical questioning and testing of claims. In your time, my method of questioning is known as the Socratic (after me!) method and is the basis of modern scientific and philosophical inquiry. And all this because I asked a few questions!! Many people think that when someone asks a question, or many questions like I do, that they are unwise. But I think just the opposite. True wisdom is the knowledge of how little you actually know. It is this realization that allows you to start asking questions and get to the real truth.
Asking questions may be the best way to get to the truth, but it is also a fast way to make enemies. I'm afraid that I embarrassed quite a few very important men in Athens, who saw me as kind of a professional smart-aleck. When they saw that young men in the city were beginning to question as I did, I was arrested for corrupting the youth of Athens! My student Plato wrote about the trial.
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Athens vs Sparta (Peloponnesian War explained in 6 minutes)
Athens vs Sparta (History of the Peloponnesian War Ancient Greece)
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In Search Of History - Athens: Triumph And Tragedy (History Channel Documentary)
Narrated by David Ackroyd