Florence | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:01:38 1 History
00:03:23 1.1 Roman origins
00:04:43 1.2 Second millennium
00:05:57 1.3 Middle Ages and Renaissance
00:06:06 1.3.1 Rise of the Medici
00:08:09 1.3.2 Savonarola, Machiavelli, and the Medici Popes
00:09:54 1.4 18th and 19th centuries
00:11:32 1.5 20th century
00:13:50 1.6 21st century
00:14:11 2 Geography
00:14:34 2.1 Climate
00:15:21 3 Government
00:17:01 4 Main sights
00:21:07 4.1 Monuments, museums and religious buildings
00:27:34 4.2 Squares, streets and parks
00:29:21 5 Demographics
00:31:19 6 Economy
00:32:12 6.1 Industry, commerce and services
00:33:46 6.2 Tourism
00:36:30 6.3 Food and wine production
00:37:19 7 Culture
00:37:28 7.1 Art
00:42:40 7.2 Language
00:43:31 7.3 Literature
00:45:24 7.4 Music
00:47:43 7.5 Cinema
00:48:12 7.6 Cuisine
00:49:38 7.7 Research activity
00:50:02 7.8 Science and discovery
00:51:03 7.9 Fashion
00:52:19 7.10 Historical evocations
00:52:27 7.10.1 iScoppio del Carro/i
00:53:10 7.10.2 iCalcio Storico/i
00:54:19 7.11 Sport
00:55:43 8 Transportation
00:55:52 8.1 Cars
00:56:30 8.2 Buses
00:57:58 8.3 Trams
00:58:49 8.4 Florence public transport statistics
00:59:28 8.5 Railway station
01:00:36 8.6 Airport
01:00:57 9 International relations
01:01:06 9.1 Twin towns and sister cities
01:01:17 10 Other partnerships
01:01:26 11 Notable residents
01:04:18 12 In popular culture
01:04:34 13 See also
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- Socrates
SUMMARY
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Florence ( FLORR-ənss; Italian: Firenze [fiˈrɛntse] (listen)) is the capital city of the Italian region of Tuscany. It is the most populous city in Tuscany, with 383,084 inhabitants in 2013, and over 1,520,000 in its metropolitan area.Florence was a centre of medieval European trade and finance and one of the wealthiest cities of that era. It is considered the birthplace of the Renaissance, and has been called the Athens of the Middle Ages. A turbulent political history includes periods of rule by the powerful Medici family and numerous religious and republican revolutions. From 1865 to 1871 the city was the capital of the recently established Kingdom of Italy. The Florentine dialect forms the base of Standard Italian and it became the language of culture throughout Italy due to the prestige of the masterpieces by Dante Alighieri, Petrarch, Giovanni Boccaccio, Niccolò Machiavelli and Francesco Guicciardini.
The city attracts millions of tourists each year, and the Historic Centre of Florence was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1982. The city is noted for its culture, Renaissance art and architecture and monuments. The city also contains numerous museums and art galleries, such as the Uffizi Gallery and the Palazzo Pitti, and still exerts an influence in the fields of art, culture and politics. Due to Florence's artistic and architectural heritage, it has been ranked by Forbes as one of the most beautiful cities in the world.Florence is an important city in Italian fashion, being ranked in the top 15 fashion capitals of the world; furthermore, it is a major national economic centre, as well as a tourist and industrial hub. In 2008, the city had the 17th highest average income in Italy.