The Mystic Mandala Temple or Initiation Temple dKyil-kHor- khang, Tabo Monastery in Himachal Pradesh
Tabo monastery is located in the Tabo village of Spiti valley in Himachal Pradesh. Prayer flags and Stupas can be seen in the monastery complex. The monastery complex holds 9 temples, 23 chortens, a monk's chamber and an extension that houses the nuns chamber. The Mystic Mandala Temple or Initiation Temple dKyil-kHor- khang is one of the 9 temples in Tabo Monastery.
The wall facing door has a huge painting of Vairocana who is surrounded by eight Bodhisattvas. Mystic Mandalas cover the other areas. Here the initiation to monkhood takes place.
A monk prays at the he Mystic Mandala Temple or Initiation Temple dKyil-kHor- khang.
This footage is part of the broadcast stock footage archive of Wilderness Films India Ltd., the largest collection of HD imagery from South Asia. The collection comprises of 150, 000+ hours of high quality broadcast imagery, mostly shot on 4K, 200 fps slow motion, Full HD, HDCAM 1080i High Definition, Alexa and XDCAM. Write to us for licensing this footage on a broadcast format, for use in your production! We are happy to be commissioned to film for you or else provide you with broadcast crewing and production solutions across South Asia. We pride ourselves in bringing the best of India and South Asia to the world...
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Colourful prayer flags flutter in complex of Tabo Monastery, Himachal Pradesh
Colourful prayer flags flutter in the complex of Tabo monastery in Spiti Valley of Himachal Pradesh. See the Barron Himalaya in the background.
A historic treasure of India and a heaven in its own right, the Tabo Gompa, or Buddhist monastery is second in importance only to the Tholing Gompa in Tibet. It was developed as an advanced centre for Buddhist learning and to preserve the Buddhist legacy. The monastery complex comprises 9 temples, 23 chortens, a monk's chamber, and an extension that houses the nun's chamber. Some temples in the complex are regarded as earlier construction, while another group belongs to a later period. The temples in the first group include The Temple of the Enlightened Gods, The Golden Temple, The Mystic Mandala Temple/Initiation Temple, The Bodhisattva Maitreya Temple, and The Temple of Dromton.
Those included in the second group are The Chamber of Picture Treasures, The Large Temple of Dromton, The Mahakala Vajra Bhairava Temple, and The White Temple. The monastery is located on a flat ground and spread over an area of 6300 Sq meters in Tabo village, which is about 46 kms from Kaza. The tourists can stay in Tabo village as it has many small hotels as well as home stays along with eating options that give tourists a more relaxing and comfortable stay.
Source: tourmyindia.com
This footage is part of the broadcast stock footage archive of Wilderness Films India Ltd., the largest collection of HD imagery from South Asia. The collection comprises of 150, 000+ hours of high quality broadcast imagery, mostly shot on 4K, 200 fps slow motion, Full HD, HDCAM 1080i High Definition, Alexa and XDCAM. Write to us for licensing this footage on a broadcast format, for use in your production! We are happy to be commissioned to film for you or else provide you with broadcast crewing and production solutions across South Asia. We pride ourselves in bringing the best of India and South Asia to the world...
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HIMALAYAS: THE UNTOUCHED PARADISE-Nako & Tabo Monasteries: Bharat Darshan: exploring the unexplored
In this show of our documentary travelogue on Doordarshan, Bharat Darshan: exploring the unexplored, Sukhnidhey Films (sukhnidhey.com), takes you to the highest mountains in the world, the Himalayas.
Continuing our journey from Nako where in we arrived and explored the Nako Lake in the previous episode (Watch it here: we now set out to explore another of Nako's delight: the ancient historical Buddhist Monastery of Nako. This monastery was built in the first half of the 11th century A.D. by Lochen Rinchen Zangpo, also known as The Great Translator, Ratan Bhadra.
The monastery is spread over a very small area. We also spot several ancient Stupas in the monastery complex, which commemorate the sites of burial of religious objects and the remains of monks. These Stupas are considered great centers of energy; and are consequently great sites for meditation. It has has four chapels; we explore them one by one. The first of these is the Gia-Pag-Paih-Lhakang chamber, which houses some very exquisite ancient wall paintings: frescoes. These depict the Buddhist Gods and Goddesses, and events from the life of the Buddha.
These amazing frescoes are a reflection of the great cultural heritage of Buddhism in India, the country of its very origin. We also enter the Prayer Hall, in which are recited the prayers by the monks staying here; there are a variety of drums and traditional Buddhist musical instruments housed in the prayer hall. We speak to the chief monk of the monastery, Mr. Rajpal, who briefs us on the traditions and the importance of the Nako Gompa.
We next head to another monastery complex nearby, built chiefly out of wood. There are depictions of Tara Devi and other Buddhist monks in this Gompa. The new monastery houses a beautiful idol of Lord Buddha which imparts immense peace to the worshipers.
We continue our journey, heading to our next stop, Tabo, situated at 10,760 feet.
We soon enter the Spiti valley, leaving behind Kinnaur, as we drive further along the road. The roads are extremely curvy, slender, and dangerous! And yes, with the Spiti river flowing alongside into the valley all along. Spiti is also called the Cold Desert, since it primarily comprises of snow covered peaks which are mostly barren, devoid of all vegetation.
Another distinguishing and extremely remarkable feature of the Spiti valley is the phenomenol sculpting of the barren Himalayan peaks and mountains by nature. The mountains here exhibit some of the most exquisite, naturally carved patterns, which seem as though delicately carved by wind and other natural forces. An extraordinary creation on nature's canvas is what Spiti is.
An important point along the journey is Samdo, at 9974 feet. At Samdo lies a check-post, where all vehicles are examined for security reasons. Permits are required to travel further along into the territory. We reach Hurling, where the roads are very landslide prone, with stones frequently rolling down mountain slopes onto the roads. If it were not for the strong steel fences along the slopes designed to stop falling stones from reaching the road; driving here would have been unimaginable!
In Hurling are located huge Apple Orchards, wherein takes place the cultivation of the famous Himachal apples, for which Himachal Pradesh is known worldwide. Amidst the Spitian cold desert, the lush green orchards are a pleasure to watch.
Further into the journey, the mountain slopes undergo a radical transformation: the slopes are now laden with loose, uncoupled, grainy sand, which deeply resonates with the desert like nature of the Spiti valley. A few water springs and high waterfalls are what keep the valley alive.
The sand of the Spiti valley is by no means a mirage; it is a reminder of that ancient period, when, millions of years ago, the whole Himalayan region was covered with ocean waters.
We finally reach Tabo; this being a very small Himalayan town with a population of just 400 individuals. In Tabo is situated a Buddhist monastery, which is the most ancient monastery in India which is still operational. Tabo Monastery has a number of Stupas and monastery chambers which are home to some of the most ancient and exquisite Buddhist frescoes in the whole world.
We explore the chambers one by one, such as the Mystic Mandala temple, the Golden temple, etc; and speak to the local monks. The Bodhisattva Maitreya temple houses an immense, 9.5 feet tall idol of Lord Buddha.
The entrance is adorned by magnificent carving, much similar to that found outside Hindu temples. The monastery is special in that it is a Mandala monastery; housing Mandalas, the latter being spiritual energy centers. There are only 4 such monasteries in the world, at Tabo, Ladakh, Sikkim, and Tibet.
We explore the Kalchakra Stupa, which was built by the 14th Dalai Lama. The influence of Hindu architectural style is evident, the Stupa having Kichakas on the outer wall.
Alchi Monastery - The wonder of India
Alchi (1020AD) - Marvel of Ladakh and Kashmir
Alchi represents the pinnacle of Trans-Himalayan art.
These magnificent wall paintings, dated between 11th – 13th century AD, are from Alchi monastery located 65 kms west of Leh. King Yeshe Od of Guge and famous scholar Rinchen Zangpo have built 108 monasteries in Tibetan region. Out of these 3 temples were believed to be created in one night – Sumda, Mangyu and Alchi.
The Sumtseg, a three storied building is one of the most outstanding artistic creations in Kashmir. It houses 3 colossal statues of Bodhisattvas. The sculpture of Avalokiteshwara stands 4m high and his dhoti is filled with miniature paintings of palaces, temples and royal life. The Alchi murals combine the best of Kashmiri and Tibetian art and provide a rare glimpse of the peaceful coexistence of Buddhism and Shaivaism traditions in Kashmir. It is remarkable that the stone colors used don’t show any sign of fading and glows even after 1000 years.
The tallest sculpture of Maitreya stands 5m tall and his dhoti is depicted with 50 roundels showing various episodes of Buddha Shakyamuni. The important paintings show the birth of Price Siddhartha at Lumbini gardens, the young prince undergoing penance, attaining enlightenment at Bodh Gaya, preaching to 5 companions at Sarnath and images of Akshobhaya Buddha. They are breathtakingly beautiful and real.
The third giant sculpture of orange hue is that of Manjushri. There are 84 mahasiddhas depicted on his dhoti in chequered squares. On the upper storey above the head of Manjushri is the painting of standing Tara with 8 hands. On the right hand wall of Sumtseg, there are 1000 miniature paintings of Manjushri painted in 5 colours. The central icon is the 4-armed golden Manjushri holding a sword and a book decorated with intricate gold work.
This iconic painting of the Lady of Alchi is that of Shyama Tara seated in a sun disc. Note this style of painting where the almond shaped eyes is projected beyond the outline of the face, a style perfected earlier in Ellora and Ajanta.
Alchi represents the pinnacle of trans-Himalayan art where beauty and divinity reaches the exquisite levels of Ajanta and South Indian Temples.
What differentiates Alchi from other imposing hill top monasteries in Ladakh is that it is small and built in the valley with flat roofs. It’s status as a backwater possibly saved it from being destroyed in the many Mughal and Dogra wars.
The cold dry desert of Ladakh has helped preserve the beautiful paintings. However recent rains resulting from climate changes are causing massive destruction to the mud walls & wooden ceilings. Negligence arising out of infighting between monks and ASI is preventing proper restoration work.
Visit Alchi before it is too late and lost forever in the wheels of time.
How to reach - Alchi can be reached from Leh (66Kms) or Srinagar - Kargil (383Kms). Stay near Alchi or Lamayaru and plan a visit to Alchi and Likir Monasteries.
You can watch the beauty of Tabo Monastery here -
Sankar Monastery or Sankar Gompa - Leh, India
Sankar Gompa is a subsidiary of Spitok gompa, having the same head lama. Sankar is easily visited on foot from Leh, lying as it does in Leh's suburbs. About 25 lamas of the yellow-hat sect are attached to Sankar but only a few live here permanently. Thus, it is only open to the public from 7 to 10 am and from 5 to 7 p.m. Sankar gompa is about 90 years old but is located on the site of a small temple that was built about 500 years ago.
From the street one enters the gompa's front yard. To the right are a few steps climbing up to the double doors that open onto the Dukhang or main assembly hall. The entrance porch has paintings of the Guardians of the Four Directions on either side of the entry door. On the left wall of the verandah is a Wheel of Life held by Yama, the deity that determines a person's future fate after death. The wall on the right depicts the Old Man of Long Life. In the Dukhang there is a throne opposite the entrance that is reserved for the gompa's head lama. To the left of the throne are colourful butter sculptures made by mixing butter and barley flour. Further to the left is a glass-fronted case containing the image of Yamadhaka, a fierce guardian divinity. To the right of the throne is an image of Avalokitesvara with 1,000 arms and eleven heads. The Dukhang's side walls have new paintings of various Buddhas, while various guardian divinities appear on either side of the entrance hall.
Sankar Gompa on either side of the throne seat are doors entering into a small chapel behind. This room has a central image of Tsong-kha-pa, founder of the yellow-hat sect of Buddhism and his two chief disciples. Below the disciples are images of Sakyamuni (the Historical Buddha) on either side of Tsong-kha-pa. To the left is an image of Avalokitesvara, with 1,000 arms and eleven heads (nine Bodhisattva heads, one head angry at the suffering in the world and a Buddha head on top). To the right is a case containing numerous Tibetan bronzes. Against the right wall is a White Guardian, and a mandala of Amchi (the Buddha of Medicine).
Exiting the Dukhang, turn left, go through a door and up one flight of steps. Immediately on the leftis a door leading into a small inner courtyard. The walls of this courtyard are painted with the Tibetan calendar (resembling a large chessboard) and murals depicting the proper way for lamas to live. A mural across the top of one side of the courtyard shows Sakyamuni in the middle, flanked by his two chief disciples. On the far right of the mural is Tsong-kha-pa and on the far left is Atisa, an Indian Buddhist and great teacher of Buddhism in Tibet.
Diagonally opposite the door leading to this courtyard is the entrance to the Dukar Lha-khang, a small temple devoted to the deity Dukar. The main image is a very imposing statue of Dukar, inset with turquoise and shown with 1,000 arms, 1,000 feet, 1,000 heads and 100,000 eyes. Numerous bangle bracelets have been left as offerings by women devotees at the feet of this deity. To the left of Dukar is a case containing various bronze images.
On the right is a statue of Maitreya (the Buddha of the Future) and another case of bronze statues. Directly over the front porch of the gompa is the Kandshur, the 108 volumes of Buddha's teachings and images of the Three Buddhas - Sakyamuni (the Past Buddha), the Present Buddha and Maitreya (the Future Buddha).
Source:
This footage is part of the professionally-shot broadcast stock footage archive of Wilderness Films India Ltd., the largest collection of HD imagery from South Asia. The collection comprises of 100, 000+ hours of high quality broadcast imagery, mostly shot on HDCAM / SR 1080i High Definition, Alexa, SR, XDCAM and 4K. Write to us for licensing this footage on a broadcast format, for use in your production! We are happy to be commissioned to film for you or else provide you with broadcast crewing and production solutions across South Asia. We pride ourselves in bringing the best of India and South Asia to the world...
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Kashmir and the Development of Tibetan Buddhism: Talk by Professor Matthew Kapstein
Matthew T. Kapstein specializes in the history of Buddhist philosophy in India and Tibet, as well as in the cultural history of Tibetan Buddhism more generally. Kapstein has published over a dozen books and numerous articles, among the most recent of which are a general introduction to Tibetan cultural history, The Tibetans (Oxford 2006), an edited volume on Sino-Tibetan religious relations, Buddhism Between Tibet and China (Boston 2009), and a translation of an eleventh-century philosophical allegory in the acclaimed Clay Sanskrit Series, The Rise of Wisdom Moon (New York 2009). With Kurtis Schaeffer (University of Virginia) and Gray Tuttle (Columbia), he has completed Sources of Tibetan Traditions, published in the Columbia University Press Sources of Asian Traditions series in 2013.
Director of Tibetan Studies at the Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes in Paris and Numata Visiting Professor of Buddhist Studies at the University of Chicago’s Divinity School, Matthew T. Kapstein addressed aspects of the history of Buddhist philosophy and literature in Kashmir and their legacy in Tibet, illustrated with examples from the art of these lands.
(Tags: #Kashmir #buddhism #India #Tibet #TibetanBuddhim)
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ARUMALLA - Ajantha - Caves .wmv
The Ajanta Caves are a series of 29 Buddhist cave temples in Ajanta, India, some of which date from the 2nd century BC. Encompassing both Theravada and Mahayana Buddhist traditions, the Ajanta caves preserve some of the best masterpieces of Buddhist art in India. Many visitors explore the Ajanta Caves in conjunction with the nearby Ellora Caves.
History
The Ajanta Caves were carved in the 2nd century BC out of a horseshoe-shaped cliff along the Waghora River. They were used by Buddhist monks as prayer halls (chaitya grihas) and monasteries (viharas) for about nine centuries, then abruptly abandoned. They fell into oblivion until they were rediscovered in 1819.
What to See
The caves are numbered from east to west, 1 through 29. Today, a terraced path connects the cave, but in ancient times each was independently accessed from the riverfront.
A viewing platform across the river affords an excellent view of the entire Ajanta site. The natural beauty of the area makes it clear why the monks chose the site for their spiritual pursuits.
Preserved inside the caves are many masterpieces of Buddhist art. Some reflect the earlier Theravada tradition of depicting the Buddha only in symbolic form such as a throne or footprints. Others, the Mahayana caves, feature colorful murals and statues depicting the life (and former lives) of the Buddha and various Bodhisattvas. The caves also depict scenes from everyday life and many include inscriptions indicating a prince or noble who gifted the cave to the monks.
It is most practical to explore the Ajanta Caves in reverse numerical order, so they are presented in this way below. This keeps you somewhat out of the masses of people moving from cave to cave in the other direction, and brings you out at the exit at the end. The numbers of the must-see caves are in bold.
Cave 26 -- A Mahayana prayer hall (chaitya). The highlight is a large carved statue of the reclining Buddha, representing his moment of death. Below him, his followers mourn his passing; above, celestial beings rejoice. The cave also contains a stupa with an image of the Buddha in a pavilion.
Cave 17 -- A Mahayana monastery covered with many well-preserved wall paintings. Maidens and celestial musicians are on the ceiling, and Buddhas, celestial guardians, goddesses, lotus petals and scroll work adorn the doorway.
One mural in Cave 17 shows Prince Simhala's encounter with the man-eating ogresses of Sri Lanka, where he'd been shipwrecked. Another shows the king of gods flying amidst clouds with his entourage of celestial nymphs (apsaras) and musicians. The panel above the doorway depicting the seven Manushi Buddhas (Buddhas in human form) together with the Maitreya or future Buddha, seated under their respective Bodhi trees.
Cave 16 -- A Mahayana monastery featuring a beautiful painting of the princess Sundari fainting after learning that her husband (the Buddha's half-brother, Nanda) was going to become a monk.
Cave 15, 13, 12 -- Theravada monastery caves.
Cave 10 -- Theravada prayer hall, thought to be the oldest cave temple at Ajanta, dating to the 2nd century BC.
Cave 9 -- One of the earliest prayer hall caves, notable for its arched windows that let softly diffused sunlight in the cave. This Theravada cave also features a large stupa.
Cave 8 -- Theravada monastery cave.
Cave 4 -- Incomplete, but the largest of the Ajanta monasteries.
Cave 2 -- The façade of this Mahayana monastery cave shows the kings of Naga and their entourage. Inside, a glorious mandala dominates the ceiling, held by demons and decorated with birds, flowers, fruits and abstract designs. The ceiling gives the effect of a cloth canopy, right down to the sag in the middle.
Cave 1 -- The most popular of the monastery caves at Ajanta. Every inch of the cave was originally painted, though much has worn away over the centuries. The doorway to the antechamber is flanked by murals of two great bodhisattvas. On the right, holding a thunderbolt, is Avalokitesvara (or Vajrapani), the most important bodhisattva in Mahayana Buddhism. On the left, holding a water lily, is the bodhisattva Padmapani.
The sidewalls of Cave 1's antechamber show two scenes from the Buddha's life: his temptation by Mara just before his enlightenment and the miracle of Sravasti, where the Buddha multiplied himself into thousand images.
Above the left porch of Cave 1 are friezes of the Three Signs (a sick man, an old man, and a corpse) that the Buddha saw on his fateful journey outside the palace that led him to become a monk. In the sanctum is a colossal sculpture of the Buddha in the preaching pose. Murals on the walls of the main hall depict numerous Jataka Tales, stories of the previous lives of Gautama Buddha.
Spiti Valley Timelapse Journey
Spiti Valley is undoubtedly the best offbeat destination in India. It serves a totally different façade of Himachal Pradesh in your travel platter. The history of Himalayas, as it would have been during the days of geological upheaval is clearly painted in the beautiful landscapes of Spiti Valley. If you have the hunger for rustic views, challenging roads and peaceful village vibes, then a trip to Spiti Valley is your food for soul.
Places covered within the video includes:
Chango : Buddhist temples as part of Rinchen Zangpo’s original 108 Temples. Large image of Avalokiteshwara carved in stone. Old Nyingmapa complex of temples on cliffs 5 kms farther than Chango is a collection of religious buildings. Chango’s apples are the best in Spiti.
Nako : Lying geographically in Kinnaur, Nako is located in Hangrang Valley. It’s a pretty village with the ancient monastery – Nako Monastery. Nako Lake is a pretty water body located just a short walk from Nako village.
Gue : Kept in a glass chamber in Gue are the mummified remains of a lama recovered while digging, its finger nails still grow & hair too. Quite a lovely village with fascinating stories.
Tabo : Tabo Gompa is a world heritage site. (Dalai Lama’s favourite monastery!) Founded in 996 AD by the Great Translator – Rinchen Zangpo. Fine Indo-Tibetan art, buddhist murals. Tabo Monastery is also known as Ajanta of the Himalayas. Huge Gompa with stucco statues of Bodhisattvas & exquisite wood carvings. Beautiful Mandalas and a 6m high Maitreya statue. Meditation caves in the mountains above town.
Dhankar : 1200 year old Dhankar Gompa built on a cliff with barren rock face slowly sinking into a river. The monastery is impossibly perched with views that inspire euphoria. Dhankar (Dhangkhar) was the former capital of Nono Kings of Spiti. It is also an endangered site as the river is slowly eroding its base every year. Confluence of Pin & Spiti river can be seen from top. Museum containing costumes, instruments, saddles of horses & Buddhist devotional objects. Ruins of an important fort. Dhankar Tso – scenic lake, a 2 hour uphill climb.
Kungri : One of the most important Monasteries in Pin Valley and the largest too. Ugyen Sanga Choling Gompa is 600 years old and has vivid murals of protector dieties. There is a huge new monastery & a museum too in the same complex.
Mudh : A beautiful village in Pin Valley with the Pin river flowing by. Trailhead for the trek over Pin-Parvati pass (5319m) and Pin-Bhabha Pass (4900m). Picturesque landscape with all possible colours, purple flowers bloom. A road is being constructed to Pin Bhabha pass. Snow might be visible near Mudh village even in the end of July. The last motorable village in Pin Valley. Great views.
Kaza : Kaza is the biggest settlement in Spiti located on the eroded flood plain of the Spiti River. Sakya Gompa is colourful and has interesting Thangka(s) inside. Kaza has good hotels and a local market with many restaurants. There’s a hospital too in Kaza in case of AMS troubles.
Key Monastery: The towering Ki/Key Gompa (4100m), a cluster of photogenic white-washed buildings is the largest monastery in Spiti. Residences of monks are here too. The views from the top are awe-inspiring. Thangkas in the original prayer rooms are very old and hold great historical and cultural value. It is also famous for Ki Cham, the masked evil dances held every year in July.
Kibber : Kibber was once claimed to be the highest village in the world and is located at 4200m. Pretty white washed houses mostly made of mud and stone. Home to Kibber Wildlife Sanctuary.
Langza : Medicine Buddha statue with views of the peaks named Chau Chau Kang Nilda. There’s also a fossil park nearby.
Demul-Komic-Lhalung : Seemingly unreal high altitude villages. Roads feel like they are above the skies. Komic lays claim to the highest gompa in India and a tantric Mahakala temple with a stuffed snow leopard. Located in the Lingti Valley, Lhalung has a fine monastery called the Serkhang (Golden Temple) which contains old treasures and a gold leaf covered statue of Sakyamuni. These 3 villages can be visited in one day as they lie not too far from each other.
Losar : Losar village is the biggest village in Spiti Valley and has grand views of surreal landscapes. The last place with staying facilities before crossing Kunzum La. There’s also a small monastery on top of the village, in Losar. Nearby lies the famous Yangchen Choling Nunnery at Pangmo & Sherab Choling Monastery School at Morang.
Shot with Nikon D850, Gopro hero 6 and Oneplus 6.
Special thanks to Arjun gambhir and Ashish roy for the production and post processing part that took so long.
All timelapses shot by Prateek jain, arjun gambhir, ashish roy and Pratyush Kumar.
Hope you enjoy the video.
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Theravada | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Theravada
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SUMMARY
=======
Theravāda (; Pāli, lit. School of the Elders) is the most ancient branch of Buddhism still extant today, and the one that preserved their version of the teachings of Gautama Buddha in the Pāli Canon. The Pāli Canon is the only complete Buddhist canon which survives in a classical Indian language, Pāli, which serves as both sacred language and lingua franca of Theravāda Buddhism. For more than a millennium, Theravāda has focused on preserving the dhamma, and it tends to be very conservative with regard to matters of doctrine and monastic discipline. Since the 19th century, meditation practice has been re-introduced, and has become popular with a lay audience, both in traditional Theravada countries and in the west.As a distinct school of early Buddhism, Theravāda Buddhism developed in Sri Lanka and subsequently spread to the rest of Southeast Asia. It is the dominant form of religion in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, and Thailand, and is practiced by minority groups in India, Bangladesh, China, Nepal, and Vietnam. In addition, the diaspora of all of these groups as well as converts around the world practice Theravāda Buddhism. Contemporary expressions include Buddhist modernism, the Vipassana movement, and the Thai Forest Tradition.
Buddhist art | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Buddhist art
00:01:04 1 Pre-iconic phase (5th century – 1st century BCE)
00:02:33 2 Iconic phase (1st century CE – present)
00:08:10 3 Northern Buddhist art
00:10:20 3.1 Afghanistan
00:11:30 3.2 Central Asia
00:12:49 3.3 China
00:13:12 3.3.1 Northern Dynasties
00:14:00 3.3.2 Tang Dynasty
00:15:56 3.3.3 Qing Dynasty
00:17:53 3.3.4 Legacy
00:18:38 3.4 Korea
00:19:34 3.4.1 Three Kingdoms of Korea
00:22:53 3.4.2 Unified Silla
00:23:38 3.4.3 Goryeo Dynasty
00:24:14 3.4.4 Joseon Dynasty
00:24:38 3.5 Japan
00:27:32 3.6 Tibet and Bhutan
00:28:53 3.7 Vietnam
00:29:42 4 Southern Buddhist art
00:33:25 4.1 Sri Lanka
00:35:08 4.2 Myanmar
00:37:17 4.3 Cambodia
00:38:40 4.4 Thailand
00:40:46 4.5 Indonesia
00:43:24 5 Contemporary Buddhist art
00:44:12 6 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Buddhist art is the artistic practices that are influenced by Buddhism. It includes art media which depict Buddhas, bodhisattvas, and other entities; notable Buddhist figures, both historical and mythical; narrative scenes from the lives of all of these; mandalas and other graphic aids to practice; as well as physical objects associated with Buddhist practice, such as vajras, bells, stupas and Buddhist temple architecture. Buddhist art originated on the Indian subcontinent following the historical life of Siddhartha Gautama, 6th to 5th century BCE, and thereafter evolved by contact with other cultures as it spread throughout Asia and the world.
Buddhist art followed believers as the dharma spread, adapted, and evolved in each new host country. It developed to the north through Central Asia and into Eastern Asia to form the Northern branch of Buddhist art, and to the east as far as Southeast Asia to form the Southern branch of Buddhist art. In India, Buddhist art flourished and co-developed with Hindu and Jain art, with cave temple complexes built together, each likely influencing the other.
Buddhist art | Wikipedia audio article | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Buddhist art | Wikipedia audio article
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Buddhist art is the artistic practices that are influenced by Buddhism. It includes art media which depict Buddhas, bodhisattvas, and other entities; notable Buddhist figures, both historical and mythical; narrative scenes from the lives of all of these; mandalas and other graphic aids to practice; as well as physical objects associated with Buddhist practice, such as vajras, bells, stupas and Buddhist temple architecture. Buddhist art originated on the Indian subcontinent following the historical life of Siddhartha Gautama, 6th to 5th century BCE, and thereafter evolved by contact with other cultures as it spread throughout Asia and the world.
Buddhist art followed believers as the dharma spread, adapted, and evolved in each new host country. It developed to the north through Central Asia and into Eastern Asia to form the Northern branch of Buddhist art, and to the east as far as Southeast Asia to form the Southern branch of Buddhist art. In India, Buddhist art flourished and co-developed with Hindu and Jain art, with cave temple complexes built together, each likely influencing the other.
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Theravada | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Theravada
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Theravāda (; Pāli, lit. School of the Elders) is the most ancient branch of Buddhism still extant today, and the one that preserved their version of the teachings of Gautama Buddha in the Pāli Canon. The Pāli Canon is the only complete Buddhist canon which survives in a classical Indian language, Pāli, which serves as both sacred language and lingua franca of Theravāda Buddhism. For more than a millennium, Theravāda has focused on preserving the dhamma, and it tends to be very conservative with regard to matters of doctrine and monastic discipline. Since the 19th century, meditation practice has been re-introduced, and has become popular with a lay audience, both in traditional Theravada countries and in the west.As a distinct school of early Buddhism, Theravāda Buddhism developed in Sri Lanka and subsequently spread to the rest of Southeast Asia. It is the dominant form of religion in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, and Thailand, and is practiced by minority groups in India, Bangladesh, China, Nepal, and Vietnam. In addition, the diaspora of all of these groups as well as converts around the world practice Theravāda Buddhism. Contemporary expressions include Buddhist modernism, the Vipassana movement, and the Thai Forest Tradition.
Theravada | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:01:37 1 Ambiguity
00:02:44 2 History
00:02:53 2.1 Origins
00:05:53 2.2 Transmission to Sri Lanka
00:09:19 2.2.1 Development of the Pali textual tradition
00:12:35 2.2.2 Sri Lankan Theravāda sects
00:14:31 2.2.3 Mahāyāna influence
00:16:45 2.2.4 Reign of Parakramabahu I
00:19:42 2.3 Spread to Southeast Asia
00:20:43 2.3.1 Myanmar
00:22:51 2.3.2 Cambodia and Thailand
00:25:19 2.4 Tantric and esoteric innovations
00:27:05 2.5 Modernisation and spread to the West
00:28:15 2.5.1 Reaction against Western colonialism
00:30:24 2.5.2 Sri Lanka
00:32:08 2.5.3 Myanmar
00:35:04 2.5.4 Thailand and Cambodia
00:37:36 2.5.5 Modern developments
00:39:56 3 Texts
00:40:05 3.1 Pali Canon
00:42:53 3.2 iVinaya/i (monastic discipline) and iAbhidhamma/i
00:45:40 3.3 Non-canonical literature
00:48:11 4 Study (ipariyatti/i)
00:49:15 4.1 Core doctrines
00:50:25 4.2 Dhamma theory
00:51:21 4.2.1 Characteristics
00:55:58 4.2.2 Classification of dhammas
00:57:55 4.3 Two truths
01:03:04 4.4 Doctrinal differences with other Buddhist schools
01:03:45 4.4.1 View of the Arhat
01:04:33 4.4.2 View of the Buddha
01:05:11 4.4.3 Insight is sudden and perfect
01:05:59 4.4.4 Philosophy of time
01:07:26 4.4.5 Rebirth and Bhavanga
01:08:34 4.4.6 Rupa (the physical)
01:11:38 4.5 Modern trends
01:13:49 5 Practice (ipaṭipatti/i)
01:14:00 5.1 Textual basis
01:17:09 5.2 Moral conduct
01:20:03 5.3 Meditation
01:20:23 5.3.1 Re-invention
01:22:48 5.3.2 Techniques - isamatha/i and ivipassana/i
01:27:39 5.3.3 Aims of meditation
01:28:41 5.3.4 Four stages of enlightenment
01:29:40 5.3.5 Nirvana
01:31:33 5.4 Other practices
01:33:28 6 Lay and monastic life
01:33:39 6.1 Distinction between lay and monastic life
01:38:29 6.2 Lay devotee
01:41:55 6.3 Monastic vocation
01:45:03 6.4 Ordination
01:49:59 6.5 Monastic practices
01:53:19 6.6 Bhikkunis
01:59:49 6.7 Monastic orders within Theravāda
02:02:27 7 Festivals and customs
02:02:49 8 Demographics
02:04:53 9 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.8211317270724884
Voice name: en-GB-Wavenet-D
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Theravāda (; Pāli, lit. School of the Elders) is the most ancient branch of extant Buddhism today, and the one that preserved their version of the teachings of Gautama Buddha in the Pāli Canon. The Pāli Canon is the only complete Buddhist canon which survives in a classical Indian language, Pāli, which serves as both sacred language and lingua franca of Theravāda Buddhism. For more than a millennium, Theravāda has focused on preserving the dhamma as preserved in its texts, and it tends to be very conservative with regard to matters of doctrine and monastic discipline. Since the 19th century, meditation practice has been re-introduced, and has become popular with a lay audience, both in traditional Theravada countries and in the west.As a distinct school of early Buddhism, Theravāda Buddhism developed in Sri Lanka and subsequently spread to the rest of Southeast Asia. It is the dominant form of religion in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, and Thailand, and is practiced by minority groups in India, Bangladesh, China, Nepal, and Vietnam. In addition, the diaspora of all of these groups as well as converts around the world practice Theravāda Buddhism. Contemporary expressions include Buddhist modernism, the Vipassana movement, and the Thai Forest Tradition.
Theravada | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Theravada
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Theravāda (; Pāli, lit. School of the Elders) is the most ancient branch of Buddhism still extant today, and the one that preserved their version of the teachings of Gautama Buddha in the Pāli Canon. The Pāli Canon is the only complete Buddhist canon which survives in a classical Indian language, Pāli, which serves as both sacred language and lingua franca of Theravāda Buddhism. For more than a millennium, Theravāda has focused on preserving the dhamma, and it tends to be very conservative with regard to matters of doctrine and monastic discipline. Since the 19th century, meditation practice has been re-introduced, and has become popular with a lay audience, both in traditional Theravada countries and in the west.As a distinct school of early Buddhism, Theravāda Buddhism developed in Sri Lanka and subsequently spread to the rest of Southeast Asia. It is the dominant form of religion in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, and Thailand, and is practiced by minority groups in India, Bangladesh, China, Nepal, and Vietnam. In addition, the diaspora of all of these groups as well as converts around the world practice Theravāda Buddhism. Contemporary expressions include Buddhist modernism, the Vipassana movement, and the Thai Forest Tradition.
Theravada | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:01:37 1 History
00:01:46 1.1 Origins
00:04:49 1.2 Transmission to Sri Lanka
00:08:16 1.2.1 Development of the Pali textual tradition
00:11:35 1.2.2 Sri Lankan Theravāda sects
00:13:33 1.2.3 Mahāyāna influence
00:15:48 1.2.4 Reign of Parakramabahu I
00:18:48 1.3 Spread to Southeast Asia
00:19:50 1.3.1 Myanmar
00:21:59 1.3.2 Cambodia and Thailand
00:24:30 1.4 Tantric and esoteric innovations
00:26:17 1.5 Modernisation and spread to the West
00:27:27 1.5.1 Reaction against Western colonialism
00:29:37 1.5.2 Sri Lanka
00:31:20 1.5.3 Myanmar
00:34:17 1.5.4 Thailand and Cambodia
00:36:50 1.5.5 Modern developments
00:39:12 2 Texts
00:39:21 2.1 Pali Canon
00:42:08 2.2 iVinaya/i (monastic discipline) and iAbhidhamma/i
00:44:57 2.3 Non-canonical literature
00:47:29 3 Study (ipariyatti/i)
00:48:32 3.1 Core doctrines
00:49:41 3.2 Dhamma theory
00:50:38 3.2.1 Characteristics
00:55:14 3.2.2 Classification of dhammas
00:57:10 3.3 Two truths
01:02:20 3.4 Doctrinal differences with other Buddhist schools
01:03:01 3.4.1 View of the Arhat
01:03:49 3.4.2 View of the Buddha
01:04:27 3.4.3 Insight is sudden and perfect
01:05:14 3.4.4 Philosophy of time
01:06:41 3.4.5 Rebirth and Bhavanga
01:07:49 3.4.6 Rupa (the physical)
01:10:53 3.5 Modern trends
01:13:06 4 Practice (ipaṭipatti/i)
01:13:16 4.1 Textual basis
01:16:23 4.2 Moral conduct
01:19:17 4.3 Meditation
01:19:37 4.3.1 Re-invention
01:22:01 4.3.2 Techniques – isamatha/i and ivipassana/i
01:26:51 4.3.3 Aims of meditation
01:27:53 4.3.4 Four stages of enlightenment
01:28:49 4.3.5 Nirvana
01:30:41 4.4 Other practices
01:32:35 5 Lay and monastic life
01:32:46 5.1 Distinction between lay and monastic life
01:37:35 5.2 Lay devotee
01:41:02 5.3 Monastic vocation
01:44:13 5.4 Ordination
01:49:11 5.5 Monastic practices
01:52:32 5.6 Bhikkunis
01:59:06 5.7 Monastic orders within Theravāda
02:01:44 6 Festivals and customs
02:02:06 7 Demographics
02:04:11 8 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.7951318578331621
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-A
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Theravāda (; Pāli, lit. School of the Elders) is the most ancient branch of extant Buddhism today, and the one that preserved their version of the teachings of Gautama Buddha in the Pāli Canon. The Pāli Canon is the only complete Buddhist canon which survives in a classical Indian language, Pāli, which serves as both sacred language and lingua franca of Theravāda Buddhism. For more than a millennium, Theravāda has focused on preserving the dhamma as preserved in its texts, and it tends to be very conservative with regard to matters of doctrine and monastic discipline. Since the 19th century, meditation practice has been re-introduced, and has become popular with a lay audience, both in traditional Theravada countries and in the west.As a distinct school of early Buddhism, Theravāda Buddhism developed in Sri Lanka and subsequently spread to the rest of Southeast Asia. It is the dominant form of religion in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, and Thailand, and is practiced by minority groups in India, Bangladesh, China, Nepal, and Vietnam. In addition, the diaspora of all of these groups as well as converts around the world practice Theravāda Buddhism. Contemporary expressions include Buddhist modernism, the Vipassana movement, and the Thai Forest Tradition.