Church and Convent Saint Agustin

Philippine revolts against Spain | Wikipedia audio article

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Philippine revolts against Spain

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SUMMARY
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During the Spanish colonial period in the Philippines, 1521–1898, there were several revolts against the Spanish colonial government by indigenous Moro, Lumad, Indians, Chinese (Sangleys) and Insulares (Mestizos), often with the goal of re-establishing the rights and powers that had traditionally belonged to Lumad Timueys, Maginoo Rajah and Moro Datus. Some revolts stemmed from land problem and this was largely the cause of the insurrections that transpired in the agricultural provinces of Batangas, Bulacan, Cavite, and Laguna. Natives also rebelled over unjust taxation and forced labor.
Most of these revolts failed because the majority of the local population sided up with the well armed colonial government, and to fight with Spanish as foot soldiers to put down the revolts.In Mindanao and Sulu, a continuous fight for sovereignty was sustained by the Moro people and their allies for the whole duration of Spanish conquest and rule.

Pangil, Laguna | Wikipedia audio article

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Pangil, Laguna

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SUMMARY
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Pangil, officially the Municipality of Pangil, (Tagalog: Bayan ng Pangil), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Laguna, Philippines. According to the 2015 census, it has a population of 24,274 people.

Katipunan | Wikipedia audio article

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Katipunan

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SUMMARY
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The Kataas-taasan, Kagalang-galangan, Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan (Supreme and Venerable Society of the Children of the Nation, Spanish: Suprema y Venerable Asociación de los Hijos del Pueblo) also known as Katipunan, or KKK was a Philippine revolutionary society founded by anti-Spanish colonialism Filipinos in Manila in 1892; its primary goal was to gain independence from Spain through a revolution. Documents discovered in the 21st century suggest that the society had been organized as early as January 1892 but may not have become active until July 7 of the same year; that was the date that Filipino writer José Rizal was to be banished to Dapitan. Founded by Filipino patriots Andrés Bonifacio, Teodoro Plata, Ladislao Diwa and others, the Katipunan was a secret organization until it was discovered in 1896. This led to the outbreak of the Philippine Revolution.
The Tagalog word katipunan, literally meaning 'association' or 'assembly', comes from the root word tipon, a Tagalog word meaning gather.Being a secret organization, its members were subjected to the utmost secrecy and were expected to abide by the rules established by the society. Aspiring applicants were given standard initiation rites in order to become members of the society. At first, membership in the Katipunan was only open to male Filipinos; later, women were accepted into the society. The Katipunan had its own publication, Kalayaan (Liberty) which issued its first and last printing in March 1896. Revolutionary ideals and works flourished within the society, and Filipino literature was expanded by some of its prominent members.
In planning the revolution, Bonifacio contacted Rizal for his full-fledged support for the Katipunan in exchange for a promise to rescue Rizal from his detention. In May 1896, a delegation was sent to Emperor Meiji of Japan in order to solicit funds and military arms. The Katipunan's existence was revealed to the Spanish authorities after a member named Teodoro Patiño revealed the Katipunan's illegal activities to his sister, and finally to the mother portress of Mandaluyong Orphanage. Seven days after the Spanish authorities learned of the existence of the secret society, on December 26, 1896, Bonifacio and his men tore up their cédulas during the Cry of Balintawak that started the Philippine Revolution of 1896.

Malolos | Wikipedia audio article

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Malolos

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SUMMARY
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Malolos, officially the City of Malolos, (Tagalog: Lungsod ng Malolos), or simply known as Malolos City, is a 3rd class city in the province of Bulacan, Philippines. According to the 2015 census, it has a population of 252,074 people.It is the capital city of the province of Bulacan as the seat of the provincial government.The city is 45 kilometres (28 mi) north of Manila, the capital city of the Philippines. It is one of the major suburbs conurbated to Metro Manila, situated in the southwestern part of Bulacan, in the Central Luzon Region (Region 3) in the island of Luzon and part of the Metro Luzon Urban Beltway Super Region.
Malolos was the site of the constitutional convention of 1898, known as the Malolos Convention, that led to the establishment of the First Philippine Republic, at the sanctuary of the Barasoain Church. The convent of the Malolos Cathedral served as the presidential palace at that time. Malolos gave birth to the first constitutional republic in Asia.