In Russian Orthodox church history, the Old Believers, or Old Ritualists separated after 1666 from the official Russian Orthodox Church as a protest against church reforms introduced by Patriarch Nikon of Moscow between 1652 and 1666. Old Believers continue liturgical practices that the Russian Orthodox Church maintained before the implementation of these reforms. Russian-speakers refer to the schism itself as raskol, etymologically indicating a cleaving-apart.
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Old Believers | Wikipedia audio article
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00:00:58 1 Introductory summary of origins 00:02:30 2 The Russian Orthodox Church before Nikon 00:04:02 3 The origins of reform 00:06:23 4 Reforms of Patriarch Nikon 00:12:13 4.1 Main alterations introduced by Patriarch Nikon 00:13:59 5 Schism 00:15:18 5.1 After the schism 00:17:47 6 Old Believer denominations 00:18:49 6.1 Popovtsy 00:20:59 6.2 Bezpopovtsy 00:23:17 6.2.1 Bezpopovtsy: minor groups 00:25:24 7 Edinovertsy 00:26:20 8 Validity of the reformist theory: sources of Russian traditions 00:30:36 9 Background 00:34:42 10 Main differences between the Old Believers and post-Nikonian Russian Orthodoxy 00:36:54 11 Present situation 00:41:42 12 Old Believer churches 00:42:27 13 See also
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SUMMARY
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In Eastern Orthodox church history especially within Russian Orthodox Church, the Old Believers or Old Ritualists (Russian: старове́ры or старообря́дцы, starovéry or staroobryádtsy) are Eastern Orthodox Christians who maintain the liturgical and ritual practices of the Eastern Orthodox Church as they existed prior to the reforms of Patriarch Nikon of Moscow between 1652 and 1666. Resisting the accommodation of Russian piety to the contemporary forms of Greek Orthodox worship, these Christians were anathematized, together with their ritual, in a Synod of 1666–1667, producing a division in Eastern Europe between the Old Believers and those who followed the state church in its condemnation of the Old Rite. Russian speakers refer to the schism itself as raskol (Russian: раскол), etymologically indicating a cleaving-apart.