Old silk road town under restoration
Old silk road town under restoration
WATCH VIDEOSource: CCTV.com
10-17-2008 08:58
Along the mysterious silk road, many ancient cities are scattered. Hei Shui, is believed to be the best preserved. The ruins, located in Inner Mongolia continue to be battered by wind and sand and urgent efforts have begun to protect the site.
Restoration of ancient Hei Shui has just begun. The city ruins are located in the Gobi area of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The renovation includes rebuilding collapsed sections of the city walls and paving the path where visitors can climb along the walls. The restoration will revive the old city, to the way it looked hundreds of years go. Materials and techniques must replicate the originals. The restoration also will see the removal of sand accumulated near the walls.
The project is jointly sponsored by the National Administration of Cultural Relics, and the Local government. The project will cost over four million yuan, or about 600,000 US dollars.
The Black Water ancient city was built during the Xixia Kingdom, from the 11th to the early 13th century AD. Relics of the Xixia kingdom were found nearby at the turn of 20th century. The relics included Buddhist manuscripts, coins, books and paintings. Though Black Water is the best preserved among all cities along the silk road it remains under threat from driving wind and sand.
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Chinese leader axes more officials associated with opposing faction
Chinese leader axes more officials associated with opposing faction
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October 9, 2017 524 pm Last Updated October 9, 2017 933 pm Chinese leader Xi Jinping is not letting his guard down. The upcoming 19th National Congress on Oct. 18 will unveil the new generation of Chinese Communist Party CCP leadership for the next five years. Xi is expected to stay on as top party boss, but he is vigilant about his enemies in the opposing faction who might undermine him those still loyal to former leader Jiang Zemin. Under Xi’s anticorruption campaign, Jiang’s allies have been taken down one after another. The latest to get axed are two highlevel officials in Chongqing and one official from the central law enforcement apparatus. On Oct. 9, the CCP’s disciplinary body announced that the former police chief of Chongqing, He Ting has been expelled from the CCP, while the former head of the political department in the Ministry of Public Security, Xia Chongyuan and former deputy mayor of Chongqing, Mu Huaping were demoted and stripped of their administrative posts. From left He Ting, Xia Chongyuan, and Mu Huaping. The Epoch Times composite photo All three have close ties to top party members who were Jiang’s associates. Xia Chongyuan In the CCP’s official announcement, Xia is charged with using public funds to arrange vacations for his relatives, using his position to gain personal profit, and “participating in nonorganizational activities.” Interestingly, when two of the highest level Jiang faction members were ousted from the Party, Bo Xilai and Zhou Yongkang, the CCP also used such wording. The two were plotting a coup to replace Xi. Xia got his early career boost from Zeng Qinghong, Jiang’s righthand man and former vicechair of the entire Party. As both hailed from the same hometown in Dayu County, Jiangxi Province, Zeng helped Xia get promoted through the ranks while at the CCP’s Organization Department. In 2013, Xia finally got a highranking position in the Ministry of Public Security. A paramilitary guard stands in front of a crowd at Tiananmen Square in Beijing on September 20, 2017. Fred DufourAFPGetty Images Zeng helped Jiang solidify his power by ruthlessly destroying his opponents. Jiang became known for his cronyism that led to unfettered corruption, and employing violent tactics to strengthen his power base, among them supporting a crackdown on student democracy activists during the Tiananmen Square massacre and launching a nationwide genocide to eliminate adherents of the Falun Gong spiritual practice. Xi...
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Xia dynasty
The Xia dynasty is the first dynasty in traditional Chinese history. It is described in ancient historical chronicles such as the Bamboo Annals, the Classic of History and the Records of the Grand Historian. According to tradition, the dynasty was established by the legendary Yu the Great after Shun, the last of the Five Emperors, gave his throne to him. The Xia was later succeeded by the Shang dynasty.
According to the traditional chronology based upon calculations by Liu Xin, the Xia ruled between 2205 and 1766 BC; according to the chronology based upon the Bamboo Annals, it ruled between 1989 and 1558 BC. The Xia–Shang–Zhou Chronology Project concluded that the Xia existed between 2070 and 1600 BC. The tradition of tracing Chinese political history from heroic early emperors to the Xia to succeeding dynasties comes from the idea of the Mandate of Heaven, in which only one legitimate dynasty can exist at any given time, and was promoted by the Confucian school in the Eastern Zhou period, later becoming the basic position of imperial historiography and ideology. Although the Xia is an important element in early Chinese history, reliable information on the history of China before 13th century BC can only come from archaeological evidence since China's first established written system on a durable medium, the oracle bone script, did not exist until then. Thus, the concrete existence of the Xia is yet to be proven, despite efforts by Chinese archaeologists to link the Xia with Bronze Age Erlitou archaeological sites.
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Genghis Khan | Wikipedia audio article
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Genghis Khan
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Genghis Khan (born Temüjin, c. 1162 – August 18, 1227) was the founder and first Great Khan of the Mongol Empire, which became the largest contiguous empire in history after his death. He came to power by uniting many of the nomadic tribes of Northeast Asia. After founding the Empire and being proclaimed Genghis Khan, he launched the Mongol invasions that conquered most of Eurasia. Campaigns initiated in his lifetime include those against the Qara Khitai, Caucasus, and Khwarazmian, Western Xia and Jin dynasties. These campaigns were often accompanied by large-scale massacres of the civilian populations – especially in the Khwarazmian and Western Xia controlled lands. By the end of his life, the Mongol Empire occupied a substantial portion of Central Asia and China.
Before Genghis Khan died he assigned Ögedei Khan as his successor. Later his grandsons split his empire into khanates. Genghis Khan died in 1227 after defeating the Western Xia. By his request, his body was buried in an unmarked grave somewhere in Mongolia. His descendants extended the Mongol Empire across most of Eurasia by conquering or creating vassal states in all of modern-day China, Korea, the Caucasus, Central Asia, and substantial portions of Eastern Europe and Southwest Asia. Many of these invasions repeated the earlier large-scale slaughters of local populations. As a result, Genghis Khan and his empire have a fearsome reputation in local histories.Beyond his military accomplishments, Genghis Khan also advanced the Mongol Empire in other ways. He decreed the adoption of the Uyghur script as the Mongol Empire's writing system. He also practiced meritocracy and encouraged religious tolerance in the Mongol Empire, and unified the nomadic tribes of Northeast Asia. Present-day Mongolians regard him as the founding father of Mongolia.Genghis Khan was known for the brutality of his campaigns, and is considered by many to have been a genocidal ruler. However, he is also credited with bringing the Silk Road under one cohesive political environment. This brought relatively easy communication and trade between Northeast Asia, Muslim Southwest Asia, and Christian Europe, expanding the cultural horizons of all three areas.