Santa Barbara courthouse + Solvang, CA, Danish Village.
Santa Barbara.
About 13,000 years ago Native Americans called the Chumash settled this area. By the time the Spanish Missionaries arrived, they were living all along the coast and on the Channel Islands. One hundred and fifty independent villages had a population of about 18,000. The people spoke different but related languages.
According to the Natural History Museum, This trade was made possible in part by the seagoing plank canoe, or tomol, which was invented about 2,000 years ago. In addition to the plank canoe, the Chumash are known for their fine basketry, their mysterious cave paintings and their money made from shells.
The Mission and El Presidio were settled at about the same time in the 1780s. They began an era of colonization and the Christianization of the native Chumash. The missions were secularized in the 1820s (when the ending almost fifty years of growth. Good sites to view are: The Mission site and the Historic Preservation Society site. The Spanish governed the area until 1822, when California became a Mexican territory until 1846 when Colonel John Fremont and his soldiers took Santa Barbara for the United States.
Solvang Danish Village.
Solvang, founded in 1911, began as a dream of three Danish immigrants: Reverend Benedict Nordentoft, Reverend J. M. Gregersen, and Professor P. P. Hornsyld. They planned to raise money to buy a large tract of land on the West Coast and subdivide it into plots for farms, homes, and a town for Danish immigrants. Profits from the sale of land would be used for building a Danish-style folk school. Also planned was a Lutheran church.
In January, 1911 the Danish-American Colony corporation bought almost 10,000 acres of prime land in the Santa Ynez Valley, California. The new colony was named “Solvang” (meaning sunny field) and glowing advertisements were placed in Danish-language newspapers. Early buyers, almost all Danish, came from California, the Midwest, and Denmark.
10 TOP RATED - Best Tourist Attractions in Santa Barbara California
10 Top Rated - Best Tourist Attractions in Santa Barbara California
1. Mission Santa Barbara - Great place to visit when in Santa Barbara. Very beautiful mission. A tourist spot so more money into upkeep etc. Other missions vary in those terms. Blessed sacrament is at the back of the church, behind closed albeit glass doors.
2. Santa Barbara County Courthouse - The architecture and decor are beautiful. The grounds, exotic plants and trees are expertly and lovingly maintained. The court staff is professional and courteous.
3. Santa Barbara Museum of Art - It's a pretty small museum but is also a pretty good museum. Their gift shop has some really good souvenirs :)
4. Ty Warner Sea Center - Great little place on Stearn's Wharf. Perfect for children and adults. Friendly staff. Not very big but lots of fun, interactive things to do and a lot to learn. Those with sensitivities to smell will be cautioned to the plasticine dolphin upstairs. The odor is not too strong but definitely present. Great views of the ocean and shore from upstairs.
5. Santa Barbara Botanic Garden - It's so beautiful being in nature and when it's quiet everything seems so much better. Totally worth every penny spent and such a cute little gift shop. Great and enthusiastic staff, they are so nice and helpful.
6. Santa Barbara Zoo - This zoo was so nice. Not too big so great to take the kids too. Great variety of animals. The penguins and meerkats were so active and playful. The leopard was beautiful and there were so many other animals that my kids loved.
7. Casa de la Guerra - Great historic residence. hosts amazing events and parties. a hidden tasting room just opened inside.
8. Santa Barbara Maritime Museum - Great place to take the kids. Something you can do in about an hour and a half depending on if you stop to watch movies in the theater. Saturdays they play fun surf movies.
9. El Presidio de Santa Barbara State Historic Site - What a cool place to visit! They're hard at work with their restorations. Staff are knowledgeable and friendly.
10. Stearns Wharf - This wharf is great. Lots of room on the pier, shop's and restaurants. Close to the main boardwalk, and State street. A great way to get some good walking in.
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15 TOP RATED - Tourist Attractions in Indonesia
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10 Top Rated - Best Tourist Attractions in Santa Barbara California
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Things to do in Santa Barbara with Kids (Santa Barbara Botanic Garden): Look Who's Traveling
Taking a trip to Santa Barbara, California.
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Santa Barbara Botanic Garden
1212 Mission Canyon Rd
Santa Barbara, CA 93105
(805) 682-4726
Brophy Bros
119 Harbor Way
Santa Barbara, CA 93109
(805) 966-4418
McConnell's Ice Creams and Yogurt on Mission
201 W Mission St
Santa Barbara, CA 93101
(805) 569-2323
Spanish Garden Inn
915 Garden St
Santa Barbara, CA 93101
(805) 564-4700
El Presidio de Santa Barbara State Historic Park
123 E Canon Perdido St
Santa Barbara, CA 93101
(805) 965-0093
The Palace Grill
8 E Cota St
Santa Barbara, CA 93101
(805) 963-5000
Music license info:
Easy Lemon by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0
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Presidio Heritage Gardens
Experience El Presidio de Santa Bárbara's Presidio Heritage Gardens in a new way and anytime of the year! The Presidio Heritage Gardens will teach you about the types of plants used by the Spanish as they lived in a time where self and communal sufficiency was key.
Santa Barbara, California | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:02:50 1 History
00:03:57 1.1 Spanish period
00:07:52 1.2 Mexican and Rancho period
00:09:21 1.3 Middle and late 19th century
00:12:10 1.4 Early 20th century to World War II
00:16:00 1.5 After World War II
00:19:47 1.5.1 Notable wildfires
00:21:39 2 Geography
00:23:45 2.1 Climate
00:26:14 2.2 Geology and soils
00:29:14 2.3 Architecture
00:30:24 2.4 Neighborhoods
00:36:09 3 Demographics
00:36:18 3.1 2010
00:41:16 3.2 2000
00:44:52 4 Economy
00:46:06 5 Arts and culture
00:46:15 5.1 Performing arts
00:47:32 5.2 Tourist attractions
00:55:08 5.3 Museums
00:57:55 6 Sports
00:58:34 7 Parks and recreation
01:00:17 8 Government
01:00:55 9 Education
01:01:05 9.1 Colleges and universities
01:01:22 9.1.1 Research university
01:01:35 9.1.2 Liberal arts colleges
01:01:49 9.1.3 Community college
01:02:00 9.1.4 Trade schools
01:02:12 9.1.5 Conservatory
01:02:23 9.1.6 Non-research graduate schools
01:02:38 9.2 High schools
01:04:14 9.3 Junior high/middle schools
01:05:10 9.4 K-12
01:05:25 10 Media
01:05:34 10.1 Print and television
01:07:15 10.2 Radio
01:11:02 11 Transportation
01:13:40 12 Sister cities
01:13:49 13 Notable people
01:13:59 14 See also
01:14:36 15 Notes
01:14:45 16 Further reading
01:16:21 17 External links
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I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Santa Barbara (Spanish: Santa Bárbara; Spanish for Saint Barbara) is a coastal city in, and the county seat of, Santa Barbara County in the U.S. state of California. Situated on a south-facing section of coastline, the longest such section on the West Coast of the United States, the city lies between the steeply rising Santa Ynez Mountains and the Pacific Ocean. Santa Barbara's climate is often described as Mediterranean, and the city has been promoted as the American Riviera. As of 2014, the city had an estimated population of 91,196, up from 88,410 in 2010, making it the second most populous city in the county after Santa Maria. The contiguous urban area, which includes the cities of Goleta and Carpinteria, along with the unincorporated regions of Isla Vista, Montecito, Mission Canyon, Hope Ranch, Summerland, and others, has an approximate population of 220,000. The population of the entire county in 2010 was 423,895.In addition to being a popular tourist and resort destination, the city economy includes a large service sector, education, technology, health care, finance, agriculture, manufacturing, and local government. In 2004, the service sector accounted for fully 35% of local employment. Education in particular is well-represented, with four institutions of higher learning on the south coast (the University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara City College, Westmont College, and Antioch University). The Santa Barbara Airport serves the city, Santa Barbara Aviation provides jet charter aircraft, and train service is provided by Amtrak, which operates the Pacific Surfliner (which runs from San Diego to San Luis Obispo). U.S. Highway 101 connects the Santa Barbara area with Los Angeles roughly 100 miles (160 km) to the southeast and San Francisco around 325 miles (525 km) to the northwest. Behind the city, in and beyond the Santa Ynez Mountains, is the Los Padres National Forest, which contains several remote wilderness areas. Channel Islands National Park and Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary are located approximately 20 miles (32 km) offshore.
Presidio of San Diego
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El Presidio Reál de San Diego is a historic fort in San Diego, California.It was established on May 14, 1769, by Gaspar de Portolá, leader of the first European land exploration of Alta California - at that time an unexplored northwestern frontier area of New Spain.The presidio was the first permanent European settlement on the Pacific Coast of the present-day United States.As the first of the presidios and Spanish missions in California, it was the base of operations for the Spanish colonization of California.
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Introducing Lodge at the Presidio
The Presidio Trust is pleased to announce that in summer 2018 it will open its second hotel – Lodge at the Presidio – in the majestic Presidio national park. As the closest lodging to the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, this newly rehabilitated historic boutique hotel will provide unparalleled views of the Bridge, the park’s lush 300-acre forest, San Francisco Bay, and the iconic city skyline. It will be the starting point for recreational and leisure activities in the 1,500-acre Presidio, the crown jewel of the 80,000 acre Golden Gate National Recreation Area, the most visited national park in the United States. The lodge will begin taking reservations in January 2018.
-----------------------UPDATE:--------------------
This is the original YouTube channel for Inn at the Presidio, the 1st lodging and hotel in the Presidio of San Francisco National Park. We've opened a 2nd building, The Lodge at the Presidio, and created a new online presence for all the lodging in the Presidio,
You can view the Inn at
You can view the Lodge at
This YouTube channel will remain, while we set up our new YouTube channel (link below)! Follow it for all the updates and new content about the Lodge, the Inn, and the Presidio!
San Diego Vacation Travel Guide | Expedia
San diego airport
Welcome to San Diego, often called the birthplace of California.
Start your San Diego tour with a stop in Old Town, a historic park filled with buildings dating back to the 1820s. If you want something a little livelier, go a few miles south to check out the Gaslamp District, full of Victorian-era architecture and a thriving bar and club scene. Bringing the kids with you, or looking for a more sedate afternoon? Stop by the San Diego Zoo and spend some time with the many animals taking up residence there – including some of the few pandas outside of China.
Explore San Diego’s ties to the sea by touring the U.S.S. Midway, Navy Pier, and Maritime Museum. From there, it’s just a skip across the bay to Coronado, where you can lay out in the sun and soak up some rays in a quiet beach town.
Round out your day with a trip to “the jewel,” better known as La Jolla, and indulge in some of the best seafood and Mexican food you’ll find anywhere. Don’t forget to say “Hi” to the sea lions.
Visit our San Diego travel guide page for more information or to plan your next vacation
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Royal Presidio Chapel/San Carlos Cathedral
The oldest building on the Monterey peninsula is the Royal Presidio Chapel, also known as the San Carlos Cathedral. It was founded in 1770 by Fr. Junipero Serra as part of the Spanish Presidio. It still stands today and continues to function as a church, making it the oldest continuously functioning church in California.
Come visit this National Historic Landmark with its ornamental architecture and large archives of religious and historic artifacts and art.
Spanish Governor's Palace - San Antonio, Texas, United States
- Created at TripWow by TravelPod Attractions (a TripAdvisor™ company)
Spanish Governor's Palace San Antonio
Adobe building built in the mid-1700s for the Spanish presidio, now a major tourist attraction.
Read more at:
Photos from:
- San Antonio, Texas, United States
Photos in this video:
- Spanish Governor's Palace by Cobra1899 from a blog titled Alone in San Antone!
- Spanish Governor's Palace by Abarnes from a blog titled adiós San Antonio
California Missions
This project is designed to give 4th graders a visual introduction to the missions throughout California.
This video addresses:
NETS 1. Facilitate and Inspire Student Learning and Creativity-
a. promote, support, and model creative and innovative thinking and inventiveness
b. engage students in exploring real-world issues and solving authentic problems using digital tools and resources
100 Story Project - Cameron Binkley: The Spanish Presidio of Monterey
Part 1 of Cameron Binkley's talk about the historic Monterey Presidio.
Produced by the Museum of Monterey -
Directed by Mark Baer
Director of Photography - Tosh Tanaka
in association with Cutter Rig Productions
Production Coordinator: Bert Rankin
Edited by Fred Nelson -
Edited by Joe Aslinger
Some photos owned by Pat Hathwaway caviews.com
Music by Myron McClellan
Art by Andre Miripolsky
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John C. Frémont | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
John C. Frémont
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
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- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
John Charles Frémont or Fremont (January 21, 1813 – July 13, 1890) was an American explorer, politician, and soldier who, in 1856, became the first candidate of the Republican Party for the office of President of the United States. During the 1840s, when he led five expeditions into the American West, that era's penny press and admiring historians accorded Frémont the sobriquet The Pathfinder.During the Mexican–American War, Frémont, a major in the U.S. Army, took control of California from the California Republic in 1846. Frémont was convicted in court-martial for mutiny and insubordination over a conflict of who was the rightful military governor of California. After his sentence was commuted and he was reinstated by President Polk, Frémont resigned from the Army. Frémont led a private fourth expedition, which cost ten lives, seeking a rail route over the mountains around the 38th parallel in the winter of 1849. Afterwards, Frémont settled in California at Monterey while buying cheap land in the Sierra foothills. When gold was found on his Mariposa ranch, Frémont became a wealthy man during the California Gold Rush, but he was soon bogged down with lawsuits over land claims, between the dispossession of various land owners during the Mexican–American War and the explosion of Forty-Niners immigrating during the Rush. These cases were settled by the U.S. Supreme Court allowing Frémont to keep his property. Frémont's fifth and final privately funded expedition, between 1853 and 1854, surveyed a route for a transcontinental railroad. Frémont became one of the first two U.S. senators elected from the new state of California in 1850. Frémont was the first presidential candidate of the new Republican Party, carrying most of the North. He lost the 1856 presidential election to Democrat James Buchanan when Know Nothings split the vote. Democrats warned that his election would lead to civil war.During the American Civil War, he was given command of Department of the West by President Abraham Lincoln. Although Frémont had successes during his brief tenure as Commander of the Western Armies, he ran his department autocratically, and made hasty decisions without consulting Washington D.C. or President Lincoln. After Frémont's emancipation edict that freed slaves in his district, he was relieved of his command by President Lincoln for insubordination. In 1861, Frémont was the first commanding Union general who recognized in Brigadier General Ulysses S. Grant an iron will to fight and promoted him commander at the strategic base near Cairo, Illinois. Defeating the Confederates at Springfield, Frémont was the only Union General in the West to have a Union victory for 1861. After a brief service tenure in the Mountain Department in 1862, Frémont resided in New York, retiring from the Army in 1864. The same year Frémont was a presidential candidate for the Radical Democracy Party, but he resigned before the election. After the Civil War, Frémont's wealth declined after investing heavily and purchasing an unsuccessful Pacific Railroad in 1866, and lost much of his wealth during the Panic of 1873. Frémont served as Governor of Arizona from 1878 to 1881 appointed by President Rutherford B. Hayes. Frémont retired from politics and died destitute in New York City in 1890.
Historians portray Frémont as controversial, impetuous, and contradictory. Some scholars regard him as a military hero of significant accomplishment, while others view him as a failure who repeatedly defeated his own best purposes. The keys to Frémont's character and personality may lie in his being born illegitimately, his ambitious drive for success, self-justification, and passive-aggressive behavior. Frémont's published reports and maps produced from his explorations significantly contributed to massive American emigration overland into the West starting in the 1840s. In June 1846 ...
California in the American Civil War | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
California in the American Civil War
00:03:06 1 From statehood to the Civil War
00:03:55 1.1 Southern California's attempts at secession from California
00:04:49 1.2 Secession crisis in California
00:05:15 1.2.1 Conspiracy to form a Pacific Republic
00:06:54 1.2.2 Struggle for control of the militia
00:07:49 1.2.3 Secessionist militias
00:09:33 2 Outbreak of the Civil War
00:09:42 2.1 Reaction to the outbreak of war in California
00:12:15 2.2 California volunteers called up
00:13:19 2.3 Turmoil in Southern California
00:14:48 3 Civil War conflicts within California
00:14:58 3.1 Securing Southern California
00:17:47 3.2 Naval incidents
00:18:11 3.2.1 J. M. Chapman plot
00:18:54 3.2.2 iSalvador/i pirates
00:20:02 3.3 Partisan Rangers in California
00:21:26 3.4 1864 election
00:22:08 4 Civil War Era forts and camps in California
00:26:50 5 Civil War military units associated with California
00:30:09 6 Regiments of the California volunteers in federal service
00:32:43 7 The navy and the Civil War in the Pacific
00:32:56 8 Past residents of California in the Civil War
00:34:08 9 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
California's involvement in the American Civil War included sending gold east, recruiting volunteer combat units to replace regular forces in territories of the Western United States, maintaining and building numerous camps and fortifications, suppressing secessionist activity (many of these secessionists went east to fight for the Confederacy) and securing the New Mexico Territory against the Confederacy. The State of California did not send its units east, but many citizens traveled east and joined the Union Army there, some of whom became famous. California's Volunteers also conducted many operations against the native peoples within the state and in the other Western territories of the Departments of the Pacific and New Mexico.
Following the Gold Rush, California was settled primarily by Midwestern and Southern farmers, miners and businessmen. Democrats dominated the state from its foundation. Southern Democrats sympathetic to secession, although a minority in the state, were a majority in Southern California and Tulare County, and were in large numbers in San Joaquin, Santa Clara, Monterey, and San Francisco counties. California was home for powerful businessmen who played a significant role in Californian politics through their control of mines, shipping, finance, and the Republican Party but were a minority party until the secession crisis. Nevertheless, the split in the Democratic Party allowed Abraham Lincoln to carry the state, albeit by only a slim margin. Unlike most free states, Lincoln won California with only a plurality as opposed to the outright majority in the popular vote.
In 1860, as tensions escalated in the East, pro-Union Californians protested the perceived pro-Southern bias of the San Francisco Roman Catholic archdiocese's weekly newspaper, The Monitor, by dumping its presses into San Francisco Bay. In the beginning of 1861, as the secession crisis began, the secessionists in San Francisco made an attempt to separate the state and Oregon from the union, which failed. Southern California, with a majority of discontented Californios and Southern secessionists, had already voted for a separate Territorial government and formed militia units, but were kept from secession after Fort Sumter by Federal troops drawn from the frontier forts of the District of Oregon and District of California (primarily Fort Tejon and Fort Mojave).
Patriotic fervor swept California after the attack on Fort Sumter, providing the manpower for Volunteer Regiments recruited mainly from the pro-Union counties in the north of the State. Gold was also provided to support the Union. When the Democratic party split over the war, Republican supporters of Lincoln took control of the state in the September elections. Volunteer Regiments were sent to occupy pro-secessionist Southern California and Tulare Cou ...
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Sharing a mix of breaking news, top stories, popular culture and engaging discussions.
Calling All Cars: Opium Den / Gun Drunk / Celestial Journey
The Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) is the police department of the city of Los Angeles, California.
The LAPD has been copiously fictionalized in numerous movies, novels and television shows throughout its history. The department has also been associated with a number of controversies, mainly concerned with racial animosity, police brutality and police corruption.
The radio show Calling All Cars hired LAPD radio dispacher Jesse Rosenquist to be the voice of the dispatcher. Rosenquist was already famous because home radios could tune into early police radio frequencies. As the first police radio dispatcher presented to the public ear, his was the voice that actors went to when called upon for a radio dispatcher role.
The iconic television series Dragnet, with LAPD Detective Joe Friday as the primary character, was the first major media representation of the department. Real LAPD operations inspired Jack Webb to create the series and close cooperation with department officers let him make it as realistic as possible, including authentic police equipment and sound recording on-site at the police station.
Due to Dragnet's popularity, LAPD Chief Parker became, after J. Edgar Hoover, the most well known and respected law enforcement official in the nation. In the 1960s, when the LAPD under Chief Thomas Reddin expanded its community relations division and began efforts to reach out to the African-American community, Dragnet followed suit with more emphasis on internal affairs and community policing than solving crimes, the show's previous mainstay.
Several prominent representations of the LAPD and its officers in television and film include Adam-12, Blue Streak, Blue Thunder, Boomtown, The Closer, Colors, Crash, Columbo, Dark Blue, Die Hard, End of Watch, Heat, Hollywood Homicide, Hunter, Internal Affairs, Jackie Brown, L.A. Confidential, Lakeview Terrace, Law & Order: Los Angeles, Life, Numb3rs, The Shield, Southland, Speed, Street Kings, SWAT, Training Day and the Lethal Weapon, Rush Hour and Terminator film series. The LAPD is also featured in the video games Midnight Club II, Midnight Club: Los Angeles, L.A. Noire and Call of Juarez: The Cartel.
The LAPD has also been the subject of numerous novels. Elizabeth Linington used the department as her backdrop in three different series written under three different names, perhaps the most popular being those novel featuring Det. Lt. Luis Mendoza, who was introduced in the Edgar-nominated Case Pending. Joseph Wambaugh, the son of a Pittsburgh policeman, spent fourteen years in the department, using his background to write novels with authentic fictional depictions of life in the LAPD. Wambaugh also created the Emmy-winning TV anthology series Police Story. Wambaugh was also a major influence on James Ellroy, who wrote several novels about the Department set during the 1940s and 1950s, the most famous of which are probably The Black Dahlia, fictionalizing the LAPD's most famous cold case, and L.A. Confidential, which was made into a film of the same name. Both the novel and the film chronicled mass-murder and corruption inside and outside the force during the Parker era. Critic Roger Ebert indicates that the film's characters (from the 1950s) represent the choices ahead for the LAPD: assisting Hollywood limelight, aggressive policing with relaxed ethics, and a straight arrow approach.
California Republic
The California Republic was a short-lived, unrecognized state that, for a few weeks in 1846, militarily controlled the area to the north of the San Francisco Bay in the present-day state of California.
In June 1846, a number of American immigrants in Alta California rebelled against the Mexican department’s government. The immigrants had not been allowed to buy or rent land and had been threatened with expulsion from California because they had entered without official permission. Mexican officials were concerned about a coming war with the United States coupled with the growing influx of Americans into California. The rebellion was soon overtaken by the beginning of the Mexican–American War.
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University of San Diego
The University of San Diego is a private Roman Catholic university in San Diego, California. The university offers 42 baccalaureate degrees, and several degrees in law, nursing,,and other doctorate programs. The university comprises seven different academic colleges.
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Tucson, Arizona | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:02:00 1 History
00:10:44 2 Geography
00:13:55 2.1 Neighborhoods
00:14:04 2.1.1 Downtown and Central Tucson
00:20:43 2.1.2 Southern Tucson
00:21:59 2.1.3 Western Tucson
00:23:54 2.1.4 Northern Tucson
00:27:25 2.1.5 Eastern Tucson
00:31:36 2.1.6 Mount Lemmon
00:33:13 3 Climate
00:40:25 4 Demographics
00:44:26 5 Economy
00:46:46 5.1 Top employers
00:47:02 6 Arts and culture
00:47:11 6.1 Annual cultural events and fairs
00:47:21 6.1.1 Tucson Gem and Mineral Show
00:47:49 6.1.2 Tucson Festival of Books
00:48:55 6.1.3 Tucson Folk Festival
00:50:11 6.1.4 Fourth Avenue Street Fair
00:51:07 6.1.5 The Tucson Rodeo (Fiesta de los Vaqueros)
00:52:03 6.1.6 Tucson Meet Yourself
00:52:34 6.1.7 Tucson Modernism Week
00:53:34 6.1.8 All Souls Procession Weekend
00:54:44 6.2 Cultural and other attractions
00:58:17 6.3 Literary arts
00:59:09 6.4 Performing arts
01:00:08 6.5 Music
01:01:56 6.6 Cuisine
01:02:49 6.7 Nicknames
01:04:07 7 Sports
01:08:29 7.1 Parks and recreation
01:10:58 8 Politics and government
01:12:39 8.1 City government
01:15:40 9 Education
01:15:49 9.1 Post-secondary education
01:16:50 9.2 Primary and secondary schools
01:17:45 10 Media
01:17:53 10.1 Printed Newspaper
01:19:02 10.2 Television
01:20:23 11 Infrastructure
01:20:32 11.1 Energy
01:22:06 11.1.1 Sustainability
01:22:55 11.1.2 Light pollution
01:23:37 11.2 Water
01:26:01 11.3 Transportation
01:26:09 11.3.1 Public transit
01:27:02 11.3.2 Rail
01:27:27 11.3.3 Airport
01:28:25 11.3.4 Roadways
01:29:24 11.3.5 Cycling
01:30:21 12 Notable people
01:30:30 13 Sister cities
01:30:45 14 See also
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- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Tucson () is a city and the county seat of Pima County, Arizona, United States, and home to the University of Arizona. The 2010 United States Census put the population at 520,116, while the 2015 estimated population of the entire Tucson metropolitan statistical area (MSA) was 980,263. The Tucson MSA forms part of the larger Tucson-Nogales combined statistical area (CSA), with a total population of 1,010,025 as of the 2010 Census. Tucson is the second-largest populated city in Arizona behind Phoenix, both of which anchor the Arizona Sun Corridor. The city is 108 miles (174 km) southeast of Phoenix and 60 mi (97 km) north of the U.S.–Mexico border. Tucson is the 33rd largest city and the 58th largest metropolitan area in the United States (2014).
Major incorporated suburbs of Tucson include Oro Valley and Marana northwest of the city, Sahuarita south of the city, and South Tucson in an enclave south of downtown. Communities in the vicinity of Tucson (some within or overlapping the city limits) include Casas Adobes, Catalina Foothills, Flowing Wells, Midvale Park, Tanque Verde, Tortolita, and Vail. Towns outside the Tucson metro area include Benson to the southeast, Catalina and Oracle to the north, and Green Valley to the south.
The Spanish name of the city, Tucsón [tukˈson], is derived from the O'odham Cuk Ṣon [tʃʊk ʂɔːn], meaning (at the) base of the black [hill], a reference to a basalt-covered hill now known as Sentinel Peak. Tucson is sometimes referred to as The Old Pueblo.
Gaspar de Portolà | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Gaspar de Portolà
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
Gaspar de Portolá y Rovira (1723-1786) was a Spanish soldier and administrator in New Spain. As commander of the Spanish colonizing expedition on land and sea that established San Diego and Monterey, Portolá expanded New Spain's Las Californias province far to the north from its beginnings on the Baja California peninsula. Portolá's expedition also was the first European to see San Francisco Bay. The expedition gave names to geographic features along the way, many of which are still in use.